Effects of Intrauterine Isoproterenol Administration on Ovarian Follicular Development in Cows.

Background: Isoproterenol (ISO) is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist known for its vasodilatory effects. This experiment aims to investigate whether intrauterine ISO administration could alter vascular indices and follicular development in postpartum Holstein cows.

Objectives: The objectives are to evaluate the effects of intrauterine ISO administration on vascular changes and its impact on follicular development compared to placebo groups.

Effects of oleanolic acid administration on renal NF-kB, IL-18, IL-6, YKL-40, and KIM-1 in experimental diabetic rats.

Objectives: Neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy, known as the triopathy of diabetes, are the consequences of microvascular complications of diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of oleanolic acid (OA) administration against diabetic nephropathy considering biochemical and histopathological parameters.

Materials And Methods: The rats with fasting blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dl and above were considered diabetic after induction of diabetes via injecting STZ.

Effect of Oleanolic acid administration on hepatic AMPK, SIRT-1, IL-6 and NF-κB levels in experimental diabetes.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important public health problem all over the world, considering its complications and increasing prevalence. Oleanolic acid (OA) has anti-diabetic property via modulating glucose metabolism and acting as 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) / Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) activator and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) / Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor. This research questioned if the OA treatment amliorates the hepatic inflammatory profile in the diabetic rats.

A reliable method using the cytobrush for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in dairy cattle during the late lactational period.

This experiment was performed to assess reliability of the cytobrush-cytology method (CCM) in diagnosis of subclinical endometritis (SCE) using the biopsy-histopathology method (BHM) as a reference in late lactating dairy cows. Reproductive organs were collected from 115 slaughtered multiparous crossbred cows culled due to infertility 398 ± 135 days subsequent to parturition. Samples were collected from the dorsal part of the corpus uteri for analyses.

Effects of oleanolic acid on inflammation and metabolism in diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that threatens the health of the world population. We investigated the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) administration on inflammation status and metabolic profile in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Four experimental groups were established: healthy rats not administered OA, healthy rats administered OA, diabetic rats not administered OA, diabetic rats administered OA.

Effect of betulinic acid administration on TLR-9/NF-κB /IL-18 levels in experimental liver injury.

Background/aim: Acetaminophen (APAP), used in the composition of thousands of preparations, is the most commonly used analgesic and antipyretic drug. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of the betulinic acid (BA) treatment through an APAP-induced hepatotoxicity rat model, using inflammatory, biochemical, and histopathological parameters.

Materials And Methods: The study consisted of four groups: control group, APAP group, BA group, and APAP+BA group.

Effects of high fructose diet on lipid metabolism and the hepatic NF-κB/ SIRT-1 pathway.

The liver is the primary site for fructose metabolism; therefore, the liver is susceptible to fructose related metabolic disturbances including metabolic insulin dysfunction, dyslipidemia and inflammation. We investigated whether astaxanthin (ASX) can modify hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) expression to alter oxidative stress caused by ingestion of excess fructose in rats. The animals were divided randomly into two x two factorially arranged groups: two regimens were given either water (W) or 30% fructose in drinking water (F).

Efficacy of Megasphaera elsdenii inoculation in subacute ruminal acidosis in cattle.

Two consecutive experiments were carried out to determine efficacy of Megasphaera elsdenii inoculation in alleviation of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). In the first experiment, SARA was induced by feeding corn- and wheat-based diets (20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of TMR, DM basis) in six ruminally cannulated heifers. Continuous pH was obtained using data loggers embedded in rumen.

Astaxanthin alleviates renal damage of rats on high fructose diet through modulating NFκB/SIRT1 pathway and mitigating oxidative stress.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of astaxanthin (ASX) treatment on alleviation of renal damage in high fructose induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial fashion: administrations of fructose (30%, via drinking water) and ASX (1 mg/kg/day, within 0.2 ml olive oil) for 8 weeks.

Effects of astaxanthin on biochemical and histopathological parameters related to oxidative stress on testes of rats on high fructose regime.

Astaxanthin (ASX) is a xanthophyll family of hydroxycarotenoids which contains several double bonds. It is produced by Haemococcus pluvialis, a microalgae and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to test whether ASX could protect against oxidative damage in the testicular tissues of rats receiving high fructose.

Effects of the supplemental chromium form on performance and metabolic profile in laying hens exposed to heat stress.

This experiment was conducted to compare the effect of the supplemental chromium (Cr) form on performance, egg quality, and metabolic profile in laying hens exposed to heat stress (HS). Laying hens (n = 1800; 16-wk-old; Lohmann LSL-Lite) were kept in cages in temperature-controlled rooms at either 22 ± 2°C for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, TN) or 34 ± 2°C for 8 h/d, from 08:00 to 17:00 h, followed by 22°C for 16 h (HS) for 12 wks. Hens reared under both environmental conditions were fed 1 of 3 diets: a basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with either 1.

Effects of dietary supplementation of arginine-silicate-inositol complex on absorption and metabolism of calcium of laying hens.

The effects of supplementation of arginine-silicate-inositol complex (ASI; 49.5-8.2-25 g/kg, respectively) to laying hens were investigated with respect to eggshell quality, calcium (Ca) balance, and expression of duodenal proteins related to Ca metabolism (calbindin and tight junction proteins).

Effects of the supplemental chromium form on performance and oxidative stress in broilers exposed to heat stress.

This experiment was conducted to investigate effects of the organic complex form of supplemental chromium (Cr) on performance, oxidative stress markers, and serum profile in broilers exposed to heat stress (HS). A total of 1,200 10-day-old boilers (Ross-308) was divided into one of the 6 treatments (2 environmental temperatures x 3 diets with different Cr forms). The birds were kept in temperature-controlled rooms at either 22 ± 2°C 24 h/d (thermoneutral, TN group) or 34 ± 2°C for 8 h/d, 08:00 to 17:00 h, followed by 22°C for 16 h (HS group) and fed either a basal diet (C) or the basal diet supplemented with Cr (200 μg/kg) through 1.

Comparison of the effects of dietary supplementation of flavonoids on laying hen performance, egg quality and egg nutrient profile.

1. The aim of this experiment was to compare the effects of dietary supplementation of hesperidin, naringin and quercetin on laying hen performance, egg quality and egg yolk lipid and protein profiles. 2.

Vector-Borne Pathogens in Stray Dogs in Northeastern Turkey.

This experiment was carried out to attain prevalence and molecular characterization of pathogens causing canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) including babesiosis, hepatozoonosis, leishmaniasis, filariosis (Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, and Acanthocheilonema reconditum), ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis), and anaplasmosis (Anaplasma platys) in stray dogs. The study material consisted of 133 asymptomatic female (n = 96) and male (n = 37) stray dogs (≤1 year old, n = 16 and 1-6 years old, n = 117) housed in the Animal Care and Rehabilitation Center, Erzurum, Northeastern Turkey. Conventional and nested PCR were performed on blood samples to detect Babesia spp.

Lycopene activates antioxidant enzymes and nuclear transcription factor systems in heat-stressed broilers.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lycopene supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, and muscle nuclear transcription factor [Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)] expressions in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress (HS). A total of 180 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were assigned randomly to one of 2×3 factorially arranged treatments: two housing temperatures (22°C for 24 h/d; thermoneutral, TN or 34°C for 8 h/d HS) and three dietary lycopene levels (0, 200, or 400 mg/kg). Each treatment consisted of three replicates of 10 birds.

The diagnostic value of two commercially available human cTnI assays in goat kids with myocarditis.

Background: Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a peripheral blood marker for myocardial damage. Because of the unavailability of goat-specific cTnI assays human cTnI assays may be validated for detection of myocarditis in goat kids.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate 2 commercially available human cTnI assays in goat kids with myocardial damage, and to determine the cTnI expression in cardiac muscle.

Reliability of the Lactate Scout point-of-care instrument for the determination of blood L-lactate concentration in sheep.

Background: Data on accuracy and precision of the Lactate Scout point-of-care (POC) analyzer in ovine medicine are lacking.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the reliability of the Lactate Scout in sheep.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-seven sheep at varying ages with various diseases were included.

Protective effects of resveratrol against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats by modulation of visfatin/sirtuin-1 pathway and glucose transporters.

This experiment was aimed at elucidating the protective effect of resveratrol against diabetes. Forty male Wistar albino rats were allocated into four groups: the control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes groups were treated either with placebo (1 ml/kg, i.p.

Chromium-histidinate ameliorates productivity in heat-stressed Japanese quails through reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting heat-shock protein expression.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of a histidine complex of chromium (chromium histidinate, CrHis) on egg production, lipid peroxidation and the expression of hepatic nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and heat-shock proteins (HSPs) in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to heat stress (HS). A total of 180 5-week-old female quails were reared either at 22°C for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, TN) or 34°C for 8 h/d (heat stress, HS) for 12 weeks. Birds in both environments were randomly given one of three diets: basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 400 or 800 µg of elemental Cr as CrHis per kg of diet.

Reliability of the i-STAT for the determination of blood electrolyte (K+, Na+, and CI-) concentrations in cattle.

Background: Rapid determination of blood electrolyte concentrations can help determine electrolyte status and delivery of effective volume of electrolyte solutions in field conditions.

Objective: To evaluate reliability of the i-STAT, a point-of-care (POC) device, in measuring blood K(+), Na(+), and CI(-) concentrations in cattle.

Animals: Ninety-eight cattle with various diseases.

Taurine ameliorates neuropathy via regulating NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling cascades in diabetic rats.

Diabetic neuropathy is one of common complications of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress involves in the development of diabetic neuropathy, which could be reversed by supplementation of taurine, an endogenous antioxidant. This experiment was conducted to evaluate alterations in the expressions of transcription factors [nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)] and glucose transporters and glucose metabolism in the brain of diabetic rats.

Endometrial echotexture parameters in Turkish Saanen Goats (Akkeci) during oestrus and early pregnancy.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate endometrial echotexture in oestrus and early pregnancy and its association with ovarian hormones and foetal count in goats. Akkeci goats (Saanen×Kilis crossbreed, n=40) were randomly divided into two groups. Ten does (NAT) were mated on natural oestrus and 30 does (SYN) were subjected to synchronisation-prior to mating.

Chromium modulates expressions of neuronal plasticity markers and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in hypoglycemia-induced brain injury.

Aims: This experiment investigated if chromium (Cr) as Cr-histidinate (CrHis) and Cr29 picolinate (CrPic) have a protective role in rats with hypoglycemia-induced brain injury, assessed by neuronal plasticity and regeneration potential.

Main Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were prospectively divided into 2 groups: control and hypoglycemic (induced by insulin administration, 15U/kg, i.p.

Evaluation of 4 point-of-care units for the determination of blood l-lactate concentration in cattle.

Background: Despite being used commonly in bovine medicine, information on reliability of point-of-care (POC) lactate meters is limited.

Objective: To determine the validity of 4 commercially available POC lactate meters in cattle.

Animals: Cattle with various diseases (n = 120).