The karyotype of the addax and its comparison with karyotypes of other species of Hippotraginae antelopes.

The karyotype of the addax (Addax nasomaculatus, 2n = 58) has been investigated by RBG and CBG banding techniques. All chromosomes are acrocentric except the first pair of autosomes, which is submetacentric. The X chromosome is the largest acrocentric, and the Y chromosome is a medium sized acrocentric.

Localization of ZNF164, ZNF146, GGTA1, SOX2, PRLR and EEF2 on homoeologous cattle, sheep and goat chromosomes by fluorescent in situ hybridization and comparison with the human gene map.

The six following genes: zinc finger proteins 164 (ZNF164) and 146 (ZNF146), alpha-galactosyltransferase 1 (GGTA1), SRY-related HMG-box 2 (SOX2), prolactin receptor (PRLR) and elongatin factor 2 (EEF2) have been localized by fluorescent in situ hybridization respectively on bovine and caprine chromosomes 17, 18, 11, 1, 20 and 7 and on sheep chromosomes 17, 14, 3, 1, 16, and 5. The comparison of the results with the localization of these genes in man (except for ZNF164) confirm the correspondences between human and bovine chromosomes established from heterologous chromosome painting data.

On the association between canine malignant lymphoma and opportunity for exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.

In response to criticisms raised regarding a case-control study of canine malignant lymphoma, the results of several ancillary analyses are reported. The case-control study demonstrated a significant association between risk for canine malignant lymphoma and the opportunity for exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides. It is demonstrated that risk estimates do not vary by type of control group (i.

A cohort study of the effects of Vietnam service on testicular pathology of U.S. military working dogs.

Using histopathologic diagnoses made on necropsy material from 3,024 military working dogs (MWDs) who died from 1968 to 1973, we analyzed the effect of military service in the Republic of Vietnam on testicular pathology. Among 1,048 MWDs that died in Vietnam and had no reported developmental risk factors for testicular disease, significant excesses of testicular hemorrhage, epididymitis/orchitis, sperm granuloma, testicular degeneration, and seminoma were evident. Among 126 MWDs with prior Vietnam service who died at other duty stations outside Vietnam from 1968 to 1973, significant excesses of testicular degeneration and seminoma were likewise evident.

Chromosomal evolution in gazelles.

The chromosomes of nine gazelle species and two other Antilopinae species (Antidorcas marsupialis and Antilope cervicapra) were prepared from fibroblast cultures. G- and C-band karyotypes were constructed, and when possible, autosomal arms were numbered according to the cattle standard karyotype. Diploid chromosome numbers ranged from 30 to 58.

Chromosomal localization of the BLV receptor candidate gene in cattle, sheep, and goat.

The BLV receptor candidate gene has been localized precisely on cattle, goat, and sheep chromosomes using nonradioactive in situ hybridization and simultaneous fluorescent R-banding. The probe, a whole plasmid containing a 2.3-kb bovine cDNA fragment encoding part of this gene, was nick-translated in the presence of biotin-11-dUTP.

Identification of p and q arms of the blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi, Alcelaphinae) RBG-banded chromosomes with comparison to other wild and domestic bovids.

The RBG banded karyotype (2n = 38) of the blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi) comprises 8 pairs of metacentric, 3 pairs of submetacentric and 7 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. The X and Y chromosomes are acrocentric. The 11 pairs of biarmed chromosomes correspond to Robertsonian translocations involving the chromosomes equivalent to goat and cattle chromosomes: 1;10, 4;5, 8;17, 7;9, 6;14, 13;15, 12;16, 20;22, 3;19, 2;27 and 11;23.

Partial nucleotide sequence and chromosomal localization of a bovine zinc finger gene ZNF164.

A clone carrying an open reading frame coding for a novel zinc finger protein of the Krüppel family was isolated from a bovine genomic library and designated ZNF 164 (zinc finger protein 164). Partial sequencing revealed that it contained at least 13 zinc finger motifs preceded by a lysine-rich region of 60 amino acids. The ZNF164 protein shared approximately 60% similarity with several zinc finger proteins but did not appear to be orthologous with a previously identified gene.

Chromosome painting with human chromosome-specific DNA libraries reveals the extent and distribution of conserved segments in bovine chromosomes.

Commercially available human chromosome-specific DNA libraries covering the whole karyotype were hybridized to normal bovine metaphase spreads to characterize the conserved chromosomal segments between man and cattle. All chromosome libraries except the Y chromosome library displayed a signal on at least part of one or more bovine chromosomes. The labeling was clearly visualized and permitted precise delineation of the hybridized bovine chromosomal segments.

U.S. military working dogs with Vietnam service: definition and characteristics of the cohort.

We verified and corrected inaccuracies in descriptive profile information on military working dogs (MWDs) that died from 1965 to 1980 and were reported in the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Registry of Veterinary Pathology. Using other available military records, we determined which dogs served in Vietnam. Identified were 3,895 MWDs with a unique identity tattoo that served in Vietnam, of which 2,389 served exclusively with U.

No advantage to delaying the introduction of calcium soaps of palm oil fatty acids to early lactation dairy rations.

Holstein cows (n = 105, 39 primiparous) were blocked by parity (1 vs. > 1) and assigned randomly at calving to receive supplemental Ca soaps of palm oil (2.9% fatty acids in dietary DM), commencing on DIM 1, 29, or 57 and ending on DIM 112.

The C-, G-, and R-banded karyotype of the scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah).

Karyotypes of five males and one female scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) were prepared using lymphocyte and skin cells. CBG-, GTG-, and RBG-banded chromosomes were analysed and the banding patterns were compared with those of cattle, revealing a high level of homoeology except for chromosomes 9, 14, 21, Y, and X. Standard karyotypes are proposed for the scimitar-horned oryx karyotype, which contains 58 chromosomes with one pair of large submetacentric autosomes and 27 acrocentric autosomal pairs.

Pollen changes during five decades of urbanization in Tucson, Arizona.

Five decades of daily pollen measurements have catalogued a growing number of imported and native plants in Tucson, Arizona, a city that has a high prevalence of allergic rhinitis and asthma. These plants have contributed a large proportion of the overall pollen rain and include mulberry, olive, juniper, cypress, privet, mesquite, Bermuda grass, ragweed, Palmer's amaranth, and Russian thistle. Factors contributing to these increases in pollen include population growth as well as changing architectural and landscape preferences.

The R- and G-banded karyotypes of the sable antelope (Hippotragus niger).

The karyotype of the sable antelope has been investigated by RBG- and GTG-banding techniques. Chromosome preparations were made from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and primary fibroblast cells were cultured from skin biopsies. The RBG-banded chromosomes were identified and classified according to the standard conventions used for cattle and goat.

DSM-III-R disorders, social factors and management of school attendance problems in the normal population.

Eighty 13-15-year-old children who failed to attend one of four schools for more than 40% of a term, without good reason, were studied. A systematic schedule (C.A.

Protein-fat bypass supplement for lactating dairy cows.

Holstein cows (n = 46) were fed free choice a silage mixture balanced weekly throughout lactation using 13 and 36% CP grains to individualize CP for each cow; grains contained 15 and 20% of distillers grains with solubles, respectively. Cows were blocked by parity (1 vs. > 1) and assigned at calving to receive a commercial bypass protein-fat supplement at 0 (control) or 6% of weekly projected 4% FCM yield throughout lactation.

Mapping of the beta-lactoglobulin gene and of an immunoglobulin M heavy chain-like sequence to homoeologous cattle, sheep, and goat chromosomes.

With a combination of non-isotopic in situ hybridization and simultaneous fluorescent R-banding, this study presents the first map of the short arm of sheep Chromosome (Chr) 3 and of the homoeologous cattle and goat Chrs 11 with two DNA sequences: the beta lactoglobulin gene (LGB) and an immunoglobulin M heavy chain-like sequence (IGHML). The results are in agreement with the high degree of banding pattern similarity, previously reported, among cattle, sheep, and goat karyotypes.

Localization of the alpha-S2-casein gene (CASAS2) to the homoeologous cattle, sheep, and goat chromosomes 4 by in situ hybridization.

The alpha-S2-casein gene (CASAS2) has been mapped to the homoeologous cattle, sheep, and goat chromosomes 4 and to the long arm of a bovine chromosome translocation, t(4;8), using nonradioactive in situ hybridization and simultaneous fluorescent R-banding. The t(4;8) has been characterized by GTG-, GBG-, and RBG-banding and by silver staining of nucleolus organizer regions. These results confirm the previous (ISCNDA, 1989) localization of the casein gene group to chromosome 4 of cattle, sheep, and goats.

Comparative gene mapping of lactoperoxidase, retinoblastoma, and alpha-lactalbumin genes in cattle, sheep, and goats.

The lactoperoxidase (LPO), retinoblastoma (RB1), and alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) genes have been mapped by fluorescent in situ hybridization respectively to cattle Chromosomes (Chrs) 19, 12, 5; goat Chrs 19, 12, 5; and sheep Chrs 11, 10, 3. The results confirm the homologies among cattle, sheep, and goat chromosomes, previously reported, and provide more information for the comparison between the bovine and human karyotypes and gene maps.

Weekly balancing crude protein in diets for Holstein cows throughout lactation using one versus two grains.

Holstein cows (n = 72, 28 primiparous) were fed for ad libitum intake a forage mixture (corn and haycrop silages, 63:37 DM) and a 71:29 ratio of two grain mixtures (13.8 and 36.2% CP, DM basis) at 1 kg/2.

Response of Holstein cows to corn gluten meal used to increase undegradable protein in early or later lactation.

Supplemental corn gluten meal was used to raise CP by 1.1 to 1.5 percentage units and undegradable intake protein from 35 to 39% of CP in the corn-based diet of parity 1 or greater Holstein cows to study effects of undegradability, parity, stage of lactation, and interactions on DMI, milk yield and composition, BW, and related traits during complete lactations.