Efficacy of methods to synchronize follicular wave emergence in pregnant heifers.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of various methods for synchronization of follicular wave emergence (FWE) in pregnant heifers. Pregnant (60 d of gestation) Holstein heifers (n = 86) arranged in cohorts were randomly assigned to be administered 172 µg of gonadorelin acetate (GnRH), 3,300 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), follicular ablation of follicles >5 mm (FA), or saline (control). Ultrasonography was performed to determine ovulation and emergence of a new follicular wave.

Effect of Fusion to the LTB Carrier Protein on Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine Candidates Produced in Maize.

Coronaviruses continue to disrupt health and economic productivity worldwide. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a devastating swine disease and SARS-CoV-2 is the latest coronavirus to infect the human population. Both viruses display a similar spike protein on the surface that is a target of vaccine development.

Poly-ubiquitylated transmembrane proteins outcompete other cargo for limited space inside clathrin-coated vesicles.

Unlabelled: Endocytic recycling of transmembrane proteins is essential to cell signaling, ligand uptake, protein traffic and degradation. The intracellular domains of many transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated, which promotes their internalization by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. How might this enhanced internalization impact endocytic uptake of transmembrane proteins that lack ubiquitylation? Recent work demonstrates that diverse transmembrane proteins compete for space within highly crowded endocytic structures, suggesting that enhanced internalization of one group of transmembrane proteins may come at the expense of other groups.

Letting go/ moving on: A scoping review of relational effects on transition to adult care.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to assess the extent of the literature on how relational components in pediatric care contribute to the transition process and transfer outcomes.

Background: Relationships between patients, parents and pediatric providers are a frequently cited barrier in transition to adult care. A scoping review aimed to identify studies focused on how the relationship between patients/parents and pediatric providers related to transition from pediatric to adult healthcare and explore the nature and depth of the evidence.

Skeletal muscle inosine monophosphate formation preserves ΔG during incremental step contractions in vivo.

The cause and consequences of inosine monophosphate (IMP) formation when adenosine triphosphate (ATP) declines during muscular contractions in vivo are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of IMP formation in the maintenance of the Gibbs free energy for ATP hydrolysis (ΔG) during dynamic contractions of increasing workload and the implications of ATP loss in vivo. Eight males (median 27.

Review of Exercise Interventions to Improve Clinical Outcomes in Nondialysis CKD.

Exercise interventions in chronic kidney disease (CKD) have received growing interest, with over 30 meta-analyses published in the past 5 years. The potential benefits of exercise training in CKD range from slowing disease progression to improving comorbidities and quality of life. Nevertheless, there is a lack of large, randomized control trials in diverse populations, particularly regarding exercise in nondialysis-dependent CKD (NDD).

Assessing the safety of ureteral stent placement for obstructive urolithiasis in patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Patients with an active severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] infection are at a higher risk of post-operative mortality. In this retrospective case-control study, we analyzed the post-operative safety of patients undergoing cystoscopy with ureteral stent placement for obstructing ureteral calculi who tested positive for COVID-19.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients who underwent cystoscopy and ureteral stent placement between June 5, 2020 and December 31, 2022 as an add-on case.

A live cell imaging-based assay for tracking particle uptake by clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

A popular strategy for therapeutic delivery to cells and tissues is to encapsulate therapeutics inside particles that cells internalize via endocytosis. The efficacy of particle uptake by endocytosis is often studied in bulk using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis and confirmed using confocal microscopy. However, these techniques do not reveal the detailed dynamics of particle internalization and how the inherent heterogeneity of many types of particles may impact their endocytic uptake.

Long-term outcomes after upfront second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors for chronic myeloid leukemia: managing intolerance and resistance.

Second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2GTKI) are more effective in inducing rapid molecular responses than imatinib when used first-line in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). However, failure of first line-2GTKI (1L-2GTKI) still occurs and there is no consensus regarding subsequent management. We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of 106 CML-CP patients treated with 1L-2GTKI and with a median follow-up of 91 months.

Transmembrane coupling of liquid-like protein condensates.

Liquid-liquid phase separation of proteins occurs on both surfaces of cellular membranes during diverse physiological processes. In vitro reconstitution could provide insight into the mechanisms underlying these events. However, most existing reconstitution techniques provide access to only one membrane surface, making it difficult to probe transmembrane phenomena.

Postcontraction [acetylcarnitine] reflects interindividual variation in skeletal muscle ATP production patterns in vivo.

In addition to its role in substrate selection (carbohydrate vs. fat) for oxidative metabolism in muscle, acetylcarnitine production may be an important modulator of the energetic pathway by which ATP is produced. A combination of noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of cytosolic acetylcarnitine and ATP production pathways was used to investigate the link between [acetylcarnitine] and energy production in vivo.

Selective Endocytic Uptake of Targeted Liposomes Occurs within a Narrow Range of Liposome Diameters.

Cell surface receptors facilitate signaling and nutrient uptake. These processes are dynamic, requiring receptors to be actively recycled by endocytosis. Due to their differential expression in disease states, receptors are often the target of drug-carrier particles, which are adorned with ligands that bind specifically to receptors.

Fasciocutaneous Flap Perineal Closure with Testicular Thigh Pouch for Scrotal Defects: Surgical Technique and Initial Experience.

Objective: To describe the surgical technique and evaluate the safety, feasibility, and preliminary outcomes of perineal closure with fasciocutaneous flaps as an alternative to scrotoplasty for large genital wounds.

Methods: Cases of perineal closure with fasciocutaneous flaps and thigh pouch creation for patients having undergone scrotectomy from January 2015 until August 2022 were reviewed for operative details and surgical outcomes.

Results: Twenty patients were identified undergoing this procedure.

Effect of use and dosage of p-follicle-stimulating hormone for ovarian superstimulation before ovum pick-up and in vitro embryo production in pregnant Holstein heifers.

The benefit of ovarian superstimulation using exogenous FSH before ovum pick-up (OPU) and in vitro embryo production (IVEP) has been the subject of conflicting results. The objective of the present study, therefore, was to evaluate the effect of use and dose of porcine FSH (p-FSH) before OPU/IVEP on ovarian response and embryo production in pregnant heifers. Pregnant Holstein heifers (n = 48) were randomly assigned to receive 0, 160, or 300 mg NIH-FSH-P1 in a crossover design.

Selective endocytic uptake of targeted liposomes occurs within a narrow range of liposome diameter.

Cell surface receptors facilitate signaling and nutrient uptake. These processes are dynamic, requiring receptors to be actively recycled by endocytosis. Due to their differential expression in disease states, receptors are often the target of drug-carrier particles, which are adorned with ligands that bind specifically to receptors.

Management of Pathologic Node-Positive Prostate Cancer following Radical Prostatectomy.

Purpose Of Review: Approximately 15% of prostate cancer patients have lymph node metastases at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP). However, there is no universally accepted standard of care for these men. The options for treatment in this subset of patients range from observation to a combination of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (aADT) and radiation therapy (RT).

Human oocyte cryopreservation: revised evidence for practice.

This article reviews the evidence regarding human oocyte cryopreservation by slow freezing and vitrification and provides evidence-based clinical and laboratory guidelines on the effectiveness and safety of these technologies. The guidelines address the stage of oocyte maturity; cryopreservation and thawing/warming using slow cooling or vitrification; techniques used for insemination of thawed/warmed oocytes; information and support counselling. These are an update of previous guidelines.

Deep learning for improving PET/CT attenuation correction by elastic registration of anatomical data.

Background: For PET/CT, the CT transmission data are used to correct the PET emission data for attenuation. However, subject motion between the consecutive scans can cause problems for the PET reconstruction. A method to match the CT to the PET would reduce resulting artifacts in the reconstructed images.

Climate and health education: A critical review at one medical school.

Introduction: As medical schools continue to improve and refine their undergraduate curricula, they are also redefining the roadmap for preparing future generations of physicians. Climate change is a critical topic to integrate into medical education. This period of change for undergraduate medical education coincides with a surge in interest and design efforts for climate and health curricula in health professional education, but this nascent field has yet to be solidly institutionalized.