Triantaspirols A-C and Paraphaeolactone Cs from sp. KT4192: Sensitivity of CP3 in Distinguishing Close NMR Signals.

Hybridized spirobisnaphthalene derivatives, triantaspirols A-C (-) and paraphaeolactones C1 and C2 ( and ), were identified from the culture broth of the fungus sp. KT4192. The NMR spectra of and , as well as and , closely resembled each other, indicating that these were pairs of diastereomers.

Highly Functionalized Spirobisnaphthalenes from sp. KT4147.

Highly functionalized spirobisnaphthalenes, preussomerins N () and O (), and simpler compounds, such as 2,3-α-epoxypalmarumycin CP (), 3α-hydroxy-CJ-12,372 (), and 16 known structurally related congeners, were isolated from a culture broth of sp. KT4147. Structural analysis revealed that was a dimer of preussomerin G (), connected by a nitrogen atom, and was a derivative of with a macommelin substructure.

Apple Pomace Extract Induces Cell Proliferation and Increases Type I Collagen and Hyaluronan Production in Human Skin Fibroblasts In Vitro.

Apple pomace is the residue left after apples are squeezed. The majority of pomace produced worldwide is produced by the apple manufacturing industry, however, most of the pomace produced by the industry is discarded. Apple pomace contains functional ingredients, such as polyphenols and triterpenoids, and exerts several beneficial effects on human health; however, studies on its cosmetic effects on the skin are lacking.

Stereoselective Preparation of the Tricyclic Hexasubstituted Spirocyclopropane Core of Cyclohelminthol X.

This study focused on synthesizing the tricyclic hexasubstituted spirocyclopropane-core framework of cyclohelminthol X (), an antifungal cytotoxin isolated from yone96 in a stereoselective manner. The synthesis features an S2-type cyclopropanation of the quaternary chloride generated via a retro-Michael-type ring-opening reaction of an 8-azatricyclo[4.3.

Isolation of Paraphaeoketones: A Plausible Biosynthetic Explanation for Paraphaeolactones via a Benzilic Acid Rearrangement Rather than a Favorskii Rearrangement.

Paraphaeoketones A-C (-) were isolated from the culture broth of sp. KT4192. Their structures and relative configurations were determined using spectroscopic analysis and verified through density functional theory (DFT)-based chemical shift calculations.

Apple Pomace Extract Improves MK-801-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that involves progressive cognitive decline accompanied by synaptic degeneration and impaired neurotransmission. Recent studies revealed that apple pomace, a waste byproduct of the apple processing industry, has beneficial health properties, but its potential to prevent and treat AD has not been determined. Herein, we examined the effects of apple pomace extract on -methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist MK-801-induced memory impairment in mice.

Fucoxanthin Inhibits Development of Sigmoid Colorectal Cancer in a PDX Model With Alterations of Growth, Adhesion, and Cell Cycle Signals.

Background/aim: Fucoxanthin (Fx), a dietary marine xanthophyll, exerts potent anticancer effects in various colorectal cancer (CRC) animal models. However, therapeutic effects of Fx in human cancer tissues remain unclear. A patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model transplanted with cancer tissues from patients is widely accepted as the best preclinical model for evaluating the anticancer potential of drug candidates.

Mouse Model of Anti-Obesity Effects of on Diet-Induced Obesity.

Reportedly, a relationship exists between intestinal microflora and obesity-related lifestyle diseases. spp. a major intestinal microbiota, accounts for 3-11% of human intestinal microflora.

Pseudo-Enantiomeric Paraphaeolactones and Their Biosynthetic Derivatives from sp. KT4192: A Proposition of a Favorskii Rearrangement for Their Biosynthesis.

Paraphaeolactones A1, A2, B1, and B2 (-, respectively), known arthropsadiol D (), massariphenone () and its positional isomer , and massarilactones E () and G () were isolated from the culture broth of sp. KT4192. Although the structural resemblance between and implies that these comprised a diastereomeric pair at the C-2 stereogenic center, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectral analyses revealed that they were pseudo-enantiomers possessing the common (2)-configuration.

Anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract improves long-term memory impairment and emotional abnormality in senescence-accelerated mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with a progressive worsening in cognitive function, which is often accompanied by emotional disturbance. Recent studies revealed that anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) can impart health benefits, but it is not known whether BCE is useful in the prevention and/or treatment of AD. Here, we examined the effects of BCE using a senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model.

Requirement of CLIC4 Expression in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells for Sensitivity to Growth Inhibition by Fucoxanthinol.

Background/aim: Fucoxanthinol (FxOH), a marine carotenoid, induces apoptosis and anoikis in human colorectal cancer (CRC) DLD-1 cells via the down-regulation of chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) expression, a key molecule for apoptosis. However, whether FxOH is susceptible to CLIC4 expression and its regulatory mechanisms in human CRC cells remains unknown. We investigated the inhibitory effects of FxOH on six types of human CRC cells with CLIC4 regulation.

A Biscuit Containing Fucoxanthin Prevents Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Mice.

Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a critical pigment required for photosynthesis in brown algae and microalgae. Fx is also a dietary marine carotenoid that with potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Some popular light meals for increased satiety, such as biscuits, cereals, and crackers, are frequently fortified with micronutrients for human health benefits.

Inducible Systemic Deletion in Mice Leads to Transient Body Weight Loss upon Tamoxifen Treatment Associated with Decrease of Fat and Liver Glycogen Storage.

GCN1 is an evolutionarily-conserved ribosome-binding protein that mediates the amino acid starvation response as well as the ribotoxic stress response. We previously demonstrated that mutant mice lacking the GCN2-binding domain suffer from growth retardation and postnatal lethality via GCN2-independent mechanisms, while -null mice die early in embryonic development. In this study, we explored the role of GCN1 in adult mice by generating tamoxifen-inducible conditional knockout (CKO) mice.

Fucoxanthin Prevents Pancreatic Tumorigenesis in C57BL/6J Mice That Received Allogenic and Orthotopic Transplants of Cancer Cells.

Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a marine carotenoid with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties in various animal models of carcinogenesis. However, there is currently no information on the effects of Fx in animal models of pancreatic cancer. We investigated the chemopreventive effects of Fx in C57BL/6J mice that received allogenic and orthotopic transplantations of cancer cells (KMPC44) derived from a pancreatic cancer murine model (; -).

Potential Vasculoprotective Effects of Blackcurrant () Extract in Diabetic KK-A Mice.

Polyphenols are bioactive compounds found naturally in fruits and vegetables; they are widely used in disease prevention and health maintenance. Polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) exerts beneficial effects on vascular health in menopausal model animals. However, the vasculoprotective effects in diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic vascular disease secondary to DM are unknown.

Suppression of C-C chemokine receptor 1 is a key regulation for colon cancer chemoprevention in AOM/DSS mice by fucoxanthin.

Fucoxanthin (Fx) has shown potential cancer chemopreventive functions in a carcinogenic murine azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) model. However, the molecular mechanisms based on transcriptome profiles in vivo remain poorly understood. We investigated Fx-dependent alterations of the transcriptome with cancer-associated proteins in colorectal mucosal tissue obtained from AOM/DSS mice with or without Fx treatment.

Fucoxanthin and Colorectal Cancer Prevention.

Colorectal cancer (CRC), which ranks among the top 10 most prevalent cancers, can obtain a good outcome with appropriate surgery and/or chemotherapy. However, the global numbers of both new cancer cases and death from CRC are expected to increase up to 2030. Diet-induced lifestyle modification is suggested to be effective in reducing the risk of human CRC; therefore, interventional studies using diets or diet-derived compounds have been conducted to explore the prevention of CRC.

Effect of Fucoxanthinol on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells from an -Nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine-initiated Syrian Golden Hamster Pancreatic Carcinogenesis Model.

Background/aim: Fucoxanthinol (FxOH) is a marine carotenoid metabolite with potent anti-cancer activity. However, little is known about the efficacy of FxOH in pancreatic cancer. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of FxOH on six types of cells cloned from N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP)-induced hamster pancreatic cancer (HaPC) cells.

Fucoxanthin Prevents Colorectal Cancer Development in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-treated Mice.

Background/aim: A xanthophyll of fucoxanthin (Fx) is a potential chemopreventive agent. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited disease that is associated with a high risk of developing colorectal cancer. However, it remains unclear whether Fx can modify colorectal tumorigenesis in Apc mice, a model mouse for human FAP.

Biological Activities of Paprika Carotenoids, Capsanthin and Capsorubin.

Paprika Capsicum annuum L. (Solanaceae) contains various carotenoids such as capsanthin, capsorubin, cryptocapsin cucurbitaxanthin A, β-cryptoxanthin, capsanthin epoxide, zeaxanthin, and β-carotene. Especially, capsanthin and capsorubin are characteristic carotenoid in paprika.

Effects of CLIC4 on Fucoxanthinol-Induced Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Fucoxanthin is a marine xanthophyll found in edible brown algae, and a metabolite, fucoxanthinol (FxOH), possesses a potent apoptosis inducing effect in many cancer cells. Chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) is a member of the CLIC family that plays an important role in cancer development and apoptosis. However, the role of CLIC4 in FxOH-induced apoptosis is not well understood.

A Fucoxanthinol Induces Apoptosis in a Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia Cell.

Background/aim: Fucoxanthinol (FxOH), a predominant metabolite from fucoxanthin (Fx), can exert potential anti-cancer effects in various cancers. However, limited data are available on the effect of FxOH or Fx on pancreatic cancer. The present study investigated the effect of FxOH on a cell line derived from pancreatic cancer tissue developed in Ptf1a; LSL-k-ras mice.

A Marine Carotenoid of Fucoxanthinol Accelerates the Growth of Human Pancreatic Cancer PANC-1 Cells.

Fucoxanthin and its metabolite fucoxanthinol (FxOH), highly polar xanthophylls, exert strong anticancer effects against many cancer cell types. However, the effects of Fx and FxOH on pancreatic cancer, a high mortality cancer, remain unclear. We herein investigated whether FxOH induces apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells.

Blackcurrant ( L.) Extract Exerts Potential Vasculoprotective Effects in Ovariectomized Rats, Including Prevention of Elastin Degradation and Pathological Vascular Remodeling.

Estrogen exerts cardioprotective effects in menopausal women. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived substances exhibiting estrogenic activity that could beneficially affect vascular health. We previously demonstrated that blackcurrant ( L.

Continuity of Tumor Microenvironmental Suppression in AOM/DSS Mice by Fucoxanthin May Be Able to Track With Salivary Glycine.

Background/aim: Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a potent anticancer carotenoid, demonstrated by mouse cancer models. We recently showed the decrease of salivary glycine could represent an attenuation of tumor microenvironment (TME) formation in an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) colon cancer mouse model. However, it remains unclear whether the salivary glycine is an indicator for continuous TME suppression of Fx in the mice.