Determination of pentoxifylline efficacy on microalbuminuria in patients with type-2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a clinical syndrome characterized by persistent albuminuria and progressive impairment in renal function. Pentoxifylline is a non-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase with anti-inflammatory properties which may have therapeutic potency in patients with diabetic kidney disease.

Objective: The present study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of pentoxifylline as a treatment strategy for alleviating the microalbuminuria in type-2 diabetic patients with nephropathy.

Developing and enhancing promiscuous activity for NAD(P)H-dependent flavin reductase via elimination of cofactor.

Promiscuous enzymes have shown their synthetic abilities in generating various organic compounds with high selectively and efficiency under mild conditions. Therefore, the design and development of conditions to raise promiscuity to the enzymes have been under the spotlight in recent years. Flavin reductase, that reduces flavins by using NADH as a cofactor, has not been studied in promiscuous reactions.

Can fractional excretion of sodium predict worsening of renal function, in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay in acute decompensated heart failure?

Background: Fractional excretion of sodium (FENa), the reflection of sodium (Na) handling by the kidney during natriuresis, is influenced by exo- and endogenous factors that have a powerful impact on renal function. We performed this study to define the correlation between FENa and worsening renal function (WRF) and assess the value of FENa in the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality in the patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Methods: This prospective observational study was performed in two tertiary governmental heart centers located in Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2019 to March 2020.

The effect of N-acetyl cysteine injection on renal function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized double blind clinical trial.

Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of N-acetyl cysteine on renal function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial conducted in Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, 60 candidates for coronary artery bypass graft surgery were selected and divided into two N-acetyl cysteine and control groups (30 people each). Patients received 3 (2 intraoperative and 1 postoperative) doses of IV N-acetyl cysteine (100 mg/kg) (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) over 24 h.

Pulmonary hypertension among patients undergoing hemodialysis.

The epidemiology of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) among long-term hemodialysis patients has been described in relatively small studies in Iran. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PHT and its relationship among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis (HD). In a cross-sectional study, patients with ESRD treated with HD for at least 3 months in the Imam hospital enrolled for the study.

Prevention of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

Cisplatin has a well-established role in the treatment of broad spectrum of malignancies; however its use is limited because of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) which can be progressive in more than 50% of cases. The most important risk factors for CIN include higher doses of cisplatin, previous cisplatin chemotherapy, underlying kidney damage and concurrent treatment with other potential nephrotoxin agents, such as aminoglycosides, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, or iodinated contrast media. Different strategies have been offered to diminish or prevent nephrotoxicity of cisplatin.

Diabetes and end-stage renal disease; a review article on new concepts.

It is well established that diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause or in combination with hypertensive nephropathy are the most common causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed and developing countries. For this review, we used a variety of sources by searching through PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Current Content and Iran Medex from January 1990 up to December 2014. Manuscripts published in English and Persian languages, as full-text articles, and or as abstract were included in the study.

Comparison of survival in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis.

Although the life expectancy of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has improved in recent years, it is still far below that of the general population. In this retrospective study, we compared the survival of patients with ESRD receiving hemodialysis (HD) versus those on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The study was conducted on patients referred to the HD and PD centers of the Emam Khomini Hospital and the Aboozar Children's Hospital from January 2007 to May 2012 in Ahvaz, Iran.

Two novel gross deletions of TSC2 in Malaysian patients with tuberous sclerosis complex and TSC2/PKD1 contiguous deletion syndrome.

Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder affecting multiple organs. Tuberous sclerosis complex is caused by mutation in either one of the two disease-causing genes, TSC1 or TSC2, encoding for hamartin and tuberin, respectively. TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene deletion syndrome is a very rare condition due to deletion involving both TSC2 and PKD1 genes.

The protective effect of theophyline in cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

Cisplatin is a potent and a major anti-neoplastic drug in the treatment of a broad spectrum of malignancies. However, its clinical use is limited by renal tubular dysfunction that occurs in a significant percent of patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of theophyline in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Dose kidney transplant nephrectomy stop disease progression in plasma exchange resistant post transplant hemolytic uremic syndrome? A case report.

Background: Two different case reports, which have been published previously, suggested that bilateral nephrectomy can improve sever and refractory hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in adults without a history of transplantation. At this study, kidney transplant nephrectomy in a patient with sever post transplant HUS was investigated.

Case: Patient was a 55 years old man with a single small size kidney and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Novel complex re-arrangement of ARG1 commonly shared by unrelated patients with hyperargininemia.

Background: Hyperargininemia is a very rare progressive neurometabolic disorder caused by deficiency of hepatic cytosolic arginase I, resulting from mutations in the ARG1 gene. Until now, some mutations were reported worldwide and none of them were of Southeast Asian origins. Furthermore, most reported mutations were point mutations and a few others deletions or insertions.

Effect of intranasal DDAVP in prevention of hypotension during hemodialysis.

Introduction: The development of intradialytic hypotension during hemodialysis (HD) in which fluid removal is the primary goal, contributes to the excessive morbidity that is associated with the dialysis procedure.

Materials And Methods: In a double blinded clinical trial, we compared the possible effect of intranasal DDAVP with intranasal distilled water as a placebo in prevention of intradialytic hypotension (IDH) in patients with known symptomatic IDH. In the first month of the study, nasal spray of distill water were administrated 30 minutes before all HD session (Placebo Group, Group 1) and then after a 30-day washout period we were used intranasal DDAVP 30 minutes before HD session (Vasopressin Group, Group 2).

Oral nicotinamide reduces serum phosphorus, increases HDL, and induces thrombocytopenia in hemodialysis patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: Recently, nicotinamide has been suggested as an effective drug for hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients. The authors assessed the efficacy and safety of nicotinamide in these patients with lower doses and longer duration than other studies.

Methods: Forty eight patients with fasting serum phosphorus >5 mg/dl enrolled in this randomized clinical trial study and were randomly assigned to two equal-sized groups of nicotinamide or placebo.

Evaluation of acquired cystic kidney disease in patients on hemodialysis with ultrasonography.

Introduction: Acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) occurs in patients with prolonged uremia, and early detection is important, because clinically significant complications, especially renal cell carcinoma, are associated with ACKD.

Materials And Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated our patients on hemodialysis, in Ahvaz, Iran, using ultrasonography. The criteria for the diagnosis of ACKD were the presence of at least 4 bilateral renal cysts in patients with noncystic primary kidney diseases as the leading cause of kidney failure.

Survival at 1, 3, and 5 years in diabetic and nondiabetic patients on hemodialysis.

We analyzed survival of 185 adult patients on maintenance hemodialysis (9 h/wk to 12 h/wk) at Emam Khomini Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. Patient survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 89.2%, 69.

Renal biopsy findings in Iran: case series report from a referral kidney center.

Background: Several registries and single centers have reported the results of their renal biopsies from different parts of the world. As there are only few data regarding the epidemiology of glomerulonephritides in Iran, this study was conducted to determine the results of renal biopsy findings during the last 10 years in our center.

Methods: Data from 1,436 patients who had undergone a renal biopsy in our center between 1998 and 2007 were collected retrospectively for the first 989 patients and prospectively for the rest of them, including demographic data, renal syndrome at presentation and laboratory findings.

Screening of the LIX1 gene in Japanese and Malaysian patients with SMA and/or SMA-like disorder.

Background: The majority of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients showed homozygous deletion or other mutations of SMN1. However, the genetic etiology of a significant number of SMA patients has not been clarified. Recently, mutation in the gene underlying cat SMA, limb expression 1 (LIX1), has been reported.

Combination of SMN2 copy number and NAIP deletion predicts disease severity in spinal muscular atrophy.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. The SMN2 gene is highly homologous to SMN1 and has been reported to be correlated with severity of the disease. The clinical presentation of SMA varies from severe to mild, with three clinical subtypes (type I, type II, and type III) that are assigned according to age of onset and severity of the disease.