Synergistic Effect of Biochar, Phosphate Fertilizer, and Phosphorous Solubilizing Bacteria for Mitigating Cadmium (Cd) Stress and Improving Maize Growth in Cd-Contaminated Soil.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination threatens human health and plant growth due to its accumulation in edible parts. The sole application of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), biochar (BC), and phosphorus (P) effectively mitigates Cd's adverse effects in contaminated agricultural systems. However, further investigation into their combined impacts on Cd toxicity and maize () production is essential.

Outcomes of leadless pacemaker implantation in the United States based on sex.

Background: To determine differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes of leadless pacemaker implantation based on sex.

Methods: For the purpose of this study, data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample database for years 2016-2020. The study group was then stratified based on sex.

Tantalum oxide nanoparticles as versatile and high-resolution X-ray contrast agent for intraductal image-guided ablative procedure in rodent models of breast cancer.

There are limited options for primary prevention of breast cancer (BC). Experimental procedures to locally prevent BC have shown therapeutic efficacy in animal models. To determine the suitability of FDA-approved iodine-containing and various metal-containing (bismuth, gold, iodine, or tantalum) preclinical nanoparticle-based contrast agents for image-guided intraductal (ID) ablative treatment of BC in rodent models, we performed a prospective longitudinal study to determine the imaging performance, local retention and systemic clearance, safety profile, and compatibility with ablative solution of each contrast agent.

Stepwise Transfer Learning for Expert-level Pediatric Brain Tumor MRI Segmentation in a Limited Data Scenario.

Purpose To develop, externally test, and evaluate clinical acceptability of a deep learning pediatric brain tumor segmentation model using stepwise transfer learning. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, the authors leveraged two T2-weighted MRI datasets (May 2001 through December 2015) from a national brain tumor consortium ( = 184; median age, 7 years [range, 1-23 years]; 94 male patients) and a pediatric cancer center ( = 100; median age, 8 years [range, 1-19 years]; 47 male patients) to develop and evaluate deep learning neural networks for pediatric low-grade glioma segmentation using a stepwise transfer learning approach to maximize performance in a limited data scenario. The best model was externally tested on an independent test set and subjected to randomized blinded evaluation by three clinicians, wherein they assessed clinical acceptability of expert- and artificial intelligence (AI)-generated segmentations via 10-point Likert scales and Turing tests.

Brown Adipose Tissue as a Unique Niche for Islet Organoid Transplantation: Insights From In Vivo Imaging.

Background: Transplantation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived islet organoids is a promising cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). It is important to improve the efficacy of islet organoids transplantation by identifying new transplantation sites with high vascularization and sufficient accommodation to support graft survival with a high capacity for oxygen delivery.

Methods: A human-induced pluripotent stem cell line (hiPSCs-L1) was generated constitutively expressing luciferase.

Noninvasive Molecular Subtyping of Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma with Self-Supervised Transfer Learning.

Purpose To develop and externally test a scan-to-prediction deep learning pipeline for noninvasive, MRI-based mutational status classification for pediatric low-grade glioma. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included two pediatric low-grade glioma datasets with linked genomic and diagnostic T2-weighted MRI data of patients: Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Hospital (development dataset, = 214 [113 (52.8%) male; 104 (48.

Boron seed coating combined with seed inoculation with boron tolerant bacteria ( sp. MN-54) and maize stalk biochar improved growth and productivity of maize ( L.) on saline soil.

Salinity exerts significant negative impacts on growth and productivity of crop plants and numerous management practices are used to improve crop performance under saline environments. Micronutrients, plant growth promoting bacteria and biochar are known to improve crop productivity under stressful environments. Maize ( L.

The Annexin-A1 mimetic RTP-026 promotes acute cardioprotection through modulation of immune cell activation.

Aims: The cardio-protective and immuno-regulatory properties of RTP-026, a synthetic peptide that spans the Annexin-A1 (AnxA1) N-terminal region, were tested in rat acute myocardial infarction.

Methods And Results: In vitro, selective activation of formyl-peptide receptor type 2 (FPR2) by RTP-026 occurred with apparent EC in the 10-30 nM range. With human primary cells, RTP-026 counteracted extension of neutrophil life-span and augmented phagocytosis of fluorescent E.

Automated temporalis muscle quantification and growth charts for children through adulthood.

Lean muscle mass (LMM) is an important aspect of human health. Temporalis muscle thickness is a promising LMM marker but has had limited utility due to its unknown normal growth trajectory and reference ranges and lack of standardized measurement. Here, we develop an automated deep learning pipeline to accurately measure temporalis muscle thickness (iTMT) from routine brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Shape Anisotropy-Governed High-Performance Nanomagnetosol for In Vivo Magnetic Particle Imaging of Lungs.

Caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has shown extensive lung manifestations in vulnerable individuals, putting lung imaging and monitoring at the forefront of early detection and treatment. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an imaging modality, which can bring excellent contrast, sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratios to lung imaging for the development of new theranostic approaches for respiratory diseases. Advances in MPI tracers would offer additional improvements and increase the potential for clinical translation of MPI.

Noninvasive molecular subtyping of pediatric low-grade glioma with self-supervised transfer learning.

Purpose: To develop and externally validate a scan-to-prediction deep-learning pipeline for noninvasive, MRI-based BRAF mutational status classification for pLGG.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of two pLGG datasets with linked genomic and diagnostic T2-weighted MRI of patients: BCH (development dataset, n=214 [60 (28%) BRAF fusion, 50 (23%) BRAF V600E, 104 (49%) wild-type), and Child Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) (external validation, n=112 [60 (53%) BRAF-Fusion, 17 (15%) BRAF-V600E, 35 (32%) wild-type]). We developed a deep learning pipeline to classify BRAF mutational status (V600E vs.

Expert-level pediatric brain tumor segmentation in a limited data scenario with stepwise transfer learning.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI)-automated tumor delineation for pediatric gliomas would enable real-time volumetric evaluation to support diagnosis, treatment response assessment, and clinical decision-making. Auto-segmentation algorithms for pediatric tumors are rare, due to limited data availability, and algorithms have yet to demonstrate clinical translation.

Methods: We leveraged two datasets from a national brain tumor consortium (n=184) and a pediatric cancer center (n=100) to develop, externally validate, and clinically benchmark deep learning neural networks for pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) segmentation using a novel in-domain, stepwise transfer learning approach.

Deep learning-enabled quantification of simultaneous PET/MRI for cell transplantation monitoring.

Current methods of imaging islet cell transplants for diabetes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are limited by their low sensitivity. Simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI has greater sensitivity and ability to visualize cell metabolism. However, this dual-modality tool currently faces two major challenges for monitoring cells.

[AUTOLOGOUS SERUM AS A TREATMENT FOR THE OCULAR SURFACE DISEASE].

The autologous serum drops treatment is an advanced, effective and safe treatment for severe dry eye and recurrent epithelial erosions. It contains growth factors, proteins, and vitamins, similar to the tear layer. In a recent review by the American Academy of Ophthalmology, many studies included showed a significant effect of serum drops in treating dry eye and recurrent epithelial erosions.

[ROCK (RHO-KINASE INHIBITORS) FOR THE TREATMENT OF OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA AND OCULAR HYPERTENSION].

Netarsudil ophthalmic solution 0.02% is a new treatment for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, which was approved for treatment in the United States and in the European Commission. The drug is a rho- kinase inhibitor (ROCK) that lowers intraocular pressure by enhancing the outflow at the trabecular meshwork and decreasing both aqueous humor production and episcleral venous pressure.

Effect Of Eight Hours Per Day Of Intermittent Self Prone Positioning For Seven Days On The Severity Of Covid-19 Pneumonia/ Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Background: Prone positioning improves ventilation-perfusion mismatch, distribution of gravitational gradient in pleural pressure, and oxygen saturation significantly in patients with Covid pneumonia. We aimed to find out the efficacy of eight hours per day of intermittent selfprone positioning for seven days in patients affected with COVID-19 pneumonia/ ARDS.

Methods: This Randomized Clinical Trial was conducted in the Covid isolation wards of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.

Non-severe allergic transfusion reaction: A hidden cause of wastage of blood product and laboratory resources.

Background And Objectives: Blood transfusions are often needlessly aborted following a non-severe allergic reaction despite responding well to medication resulting into partial transfusion of the implicated blood product. This results in the wastage of untransfused blood component and resources spent on unnecessary laboratory work-up of these reactions.

Materials And Methods: We aimed to review the amount of blood product and laboratory resource wastage associated with non-severe allergic transfusion reaction (ATR) in a tertiary care hospital.

Magnetic Particle Imaging of Transplanted Human Islets Using a Machine Learning Algorithm.

Human islet transplantation is a promising therapy to restore normoglycemia for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Despite recent advances, human islet transplantation remains suboptimal due to significant islet graft loss after transplantation. Various immunological and nonimmunological factors contribute to this loss therefore signifying a need for strategies and approaches for visualizing and monitoring transplanted human islet grafts.

Modeling Subjective Affect Annotations with Multi-Task Learning.

In supervised learning, the generalization capabilities of trained models are based on the available annotations. Usually, multiple annotators are asked to annotate the dataset samples and, then, the common practice is to aggregate the different annotations by computing average scores or majority voting, and train and test models on these aggregated annotations. However, this practice is not suitable for all types of problems, especially when the subjective information of each annotator matters for the task modeling.

Reduced neural feedback signaling despite robust neuron and gamma auditory responses during human sleep.

During sleep, sensory stimuli rarely trigger a behavioral response or conscious perception. However, it remains unclear whether sleep inhibits specific aspects of sensory processing, such as feedforward or feedback signaling. Here, we presented auditory stimuli (for example, click-trains, words, music) during wakefulness and sleep in patients with epilepsy, while recording neuronal spiking, microwire local field potentials, intracranial electroencephalogram and polysomnography.

Nanotechnology in Immunotherapy for Type 1 Diabetes: Promising Innovations and Future Advances.

Diabetes is a chronic condition which affects the glucose metabolism in the body. In lieu of any clinical "cure," the condition is managed through the administration of pharmacological aids, insulin supplements, diet restrictions, exercise, and the like. The conventional clinical prescriptions are limited by their life-long dependency and diminished potency, which in turn hinder the patient's recovery.

Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Electrochemical Biosensing Platform for Early Detection of Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Heart failure resulting from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important global health problem. Treatments of heart failure and AMI have improved significantly over the past two decades; however, the available diagnostic tests only give limited insights into these heterogeneous conditions at a reversible stage and are not precise enough to evaluate the status of the tissue at high risk. Innovative diagnostic tools for more accurate, more reliable, and early diagnosis of AMI are urgently needed.