Ion Trap LC/MS reveals the generation of reactive intermediates in acalabrutinib metabolism: phase I metabolic profiling and bioactivation pathways elucidation.

Acalabrutinib (CALQUENCE; ACB) is a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKI) used to treat mantle cell lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). On 21 November 2019, ACB was approved by the U.S.

Duvelisib: A comprehensive profile.

Duvelisib (DUV) is chemically named as (S)-3-(1-((9H-Purin-6-yl)amino)ethyl)-8-chloro-2-phenylisoquinolin-1(2H)-one. It is a novel drug with a small molecular weight and characterized by dual phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)- and PI3K-inhibitory activity. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved DUV for the management of small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in adult patients.

An Assessment of aluminum contamination in neonatal parenteral nutrition solutions based on measured versus labeled content.

Aluminum can potentially cause toxicity in pediatrics and neonates receiving parenteral nutrition. Some PN solutions and ingredients in Saudi Arabia do not comply with US FDA regulations regarding aluminum exposure. This study aims to determine the aluminum concentration in samples of PN solutions and ingredients used to feed infants in Saudi Arabia.

Reactive intermediates formation and bioactivation pathways of spebrutinib revealed by LC-MS/MS: and metabolic study.

Spebrutinib is a new Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed by Avila Therapeutics and Celgene. Spebrutinib (SPB) is currently in phase Ib clinical trials for the treatment of lymphoma in the United States. Preliminary studies were first performed to predict susceptible sites of metabolism, reactivity pathways and structural alerts for toxicities by StarDrop WhichP450™ module, Xenosite web predictor tool and DEREK software; respectively.

Investigation of Fenebrutinib Metabolism and Bioactivation Using MS Methodology in Ion Trap LC/MS.

Fenebrutinib is an orally available Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It is currently in multiple phase III clinical trials for the management of B-cell tumors and autoimmune disorders. Elementary in-silico studies were first performed to predict susceptible sites of metabolism and structural alerts for toxicities by StarDrop WhichP450™ module and DEREK software; respectively.

Aspartames Alter Pharmacokinetics Parameters of Erlotinib and Gefitinib and Elevate Liver Enzymes in Wistar Rats.

Erlotinib (ERL) and gefitinib (GEF) are extensively metabolized by CYP450 enzymes. Aspartame (ASP), an artificial sweetener, induces CYP2E1 and CYP3A2 enzymes in the brain and could increase liver enzymes. In this work, the influence of ASP on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of ERL and GEF in Wistar rats was evaluated.

Gut Microbiota Dynamics in Relation to Long-COVID-19 Syndrome: Role of Probiotics to Combat Psychiatric Complications.

Increasing numbers of patients who recover from COVID-19 report lasting symptoms, such as fatigue, muscle weakness, dementia, and insomnia, known collectively as post-acute COVID syndrome or long COVID. These lasting symptoms have been examined in different studies and found to influence multiple organs, sometimes resulting in life-threating conditions. In this review, these symptoms are discussed in connection to the COVID-19 and long-COVID-19 immune changes, highlighting oral and psychiatric health, as this work focuses on the gut microbiota's link to long-COVID-19 manifestations in the liver, heart, kidney, brain, and spleen.

Profiling of , and reactive zorifertinib metabolites using liquid chromatography ion trap mass spectrometry.

Zorifertinib (AZD-3759; ZFB) is a potent, novel, oral, small molecule used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ZFB is Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibitor that is characterized by good permeability of the blood-brain barrier for (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. The present research reports the profiling of , and reactive metabolites of ZFB.

A New Validated HPLC-MS/MS Method for Quantification and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Dovitinib, a Multi-Kinase Inhibitor, in Mouse Plasma.

Background: Dovitinib (TKI 258) is a small-molecule multi-kinase inhibitor for the treatment of different types of cancer. There is currently no validated method for its quantitative determination; therefore, we aimed to develop a reliable method to assay dovitinib.

Method And Results: An electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) method was used to separate dovitinib using an analytical C18 column (50 × 2.

New potentiometric sensors for methylphenidate detection based on host-guest interaction.

The study aims to develop simple, sensitive, and selective methods for detecting methylphenidate in its bulk, dosage form and human urine. Sensing materials include β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD), and 4-butylcalix[8]arene as ionophores or electroactive materials have been used for construction of sensors 1, 2, and 3, respectively; Potassium tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl)borate (KTpClPB) as an ion additive was used and dioctyl phthalate as a plasticizer. The sensors displayed a fast, stable response over a wide concentration range of methylphenidate (8 × 10 M to 1 × 10 M) with 10 M detection limit over the pH range of 4-8.

Comparative study of β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin and 4--butylcalix[8]arene ionophores as electroactive materials for the construction of new sensors for trazodone based on host-guest recognition.

Background: Trazodone (TRZ) is a second-generation non-tricyclic antidepressant derived from a triazolopyridine derivative, which is mainly used to treat emotional disorders and conditions related to depressive disorders.

Purpose: This study investigated the design, development and characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane sensors for trazodone HCl (TRZ).

Methods: The developed sensing membranes were constructed using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD; sensor 1), γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD; sensor 2) or 4--butylcalix[8]arene (-BC8; sensor 3) ionophores as sensing materials in addition to ionic sites and dioctyl phthalate in the PVC matrix.

Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment.

Honey is becoming accepted as a reputable and effective therapeutic agent by practitioners of conventional medicine and by the general public. It has many biological activities and has been effectively used in the treatment of many diseases, e.g.

Analysis of serum trace elements-copper, manganese and zinc in preeclamptic pregnant women by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry: a prospective case controlled study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Preeclampsia complicates 2-8% of all pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and pre-term delivery in world. In concern to the increasing number of preeclamptic cases and lack of data about the interrelation between levels of trace elements and preeclampsia, we conducted a hospital based case-control study to assess the risk of preeclampsia in relation to concentrations of trace elements like copper, manganese and zinc in a hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study consisted of 120 pregnant women divided into three groups of 40 each--control, HR group and the PET group.

Multi-objective optimization strategy based on desirability functions used for electrophoratic separation and quantification of rosiglitazone and glimepiride in plasma and formulations.

Multiple response simultaneous optimization employing Derringer's desirability function was used for the development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of rosiglitazone (RSG) and glimepiride (GLM) in plasma and formulations. Twenty experiments, taking the two resolutions, the analysis time, and the capillary current as the responses with three important factors--buffer morality, volte and column temperature--were used to design mathematical models. The experimental responses were fitted into a second order polynomial and the six responses were simultaneously optimized to predict the optimum conditions for the effective separation of the studied compounds.