Metabolic signatures of combined exercise and fasting: an expanded perspective on previous telomere length findings.

Introduction: Aging is a complex process marked by a gradual decline in physiological function and increased susceptibility to diseases. Telomere length is frequently regarded as one of the primary biomarkers of aging. Metabolic profiles are key features in longevity and have been associated with both age and age-related diseases.

Enhancing Influenza Detection through Integrative Machine Learning and Nasopharyngeal Metabolomic Profiling: A Comprehensive Study.

Nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs are commonly used for detecting respiratory viruses, including influenza, which significantly alters host cell metabolites. This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to identify biomarkers that differentiate between influenza-positive and -negative cases using clinical metabolomics data. A publicly available dataset of 236 nasopharyngeal samples screened via liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight (LC/Q-TOF) mass spectrometry was used.

Generation of Novel Tumour-Selective SEA Superantigen-Based Peptides with Improved Safety and Efficacy for Precision Cancer Immunotherapy.

Bacterial superantigens are T-cell-stimulatory protein molecules which produce massive cytokines and cause human diseases. Due to their ability to activate up to 20% of resting T-cells, they have effectively killed T-cell-dependent tumours in vivo. However, the intrinsic toxicity of whole SAg molecules highlights the urgent need to develop more effective and safer SAg-based immunotherapy.

Alterations in Choline Metabolism in Non-Obese Individuals with Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The prevalence of non-obese individuals with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. This study investigates the metabolic signature of phospholipid-associated metabolites in non-obese individuals with IR and T2D, aiming to identify potential biomarkers for these metabolic disorders. The study cohort included non-obese individuals from the Qatar Biobank categorized into three groups: insulin sensitive, insulin resistant, and patients with T2D.

Comparing the metabolic signatures of obesity defined by waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, or BMI.

Objective: Measuring obesity is crucial for assessing health risks and developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. The most common methods used to measure obesity include BMI, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio. This study aimed to determine the metabolic signatures associated with each measure of obesity in the Qatari population.

Metabolomics Approaches for the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Better Disease Management of Viral Infections.

Metabolomics is an analytical approach that involves profiling and comparing the metabolites present in biological samples. This scoping review article offers an overview of current metabolomics approaches and their utilization in evaluating metabolic changes in biological fluids that occur in response to viral infections. Here, we provide an overview of metabolomics methods including high-throughput analytical chemistry and multivariate data analysis to identify the specific metabolites associated with viral infections.

Metabolic signature of obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, some obese individuals maintain their insulin sensitivity and exhibit a lower risk of associated comorbidities. The underlying metabolic pathways differentiating obese insulin sensitive (OIS) and obese insulin resistant (OIR) individuals remain unclear.

Studies on vascular response to full superantigens and superantigen derived peptides: Possible production of novel superantigen variants with less vasodilation effect for tolerable cancer immunotherapy.

Superantigens (SAgs) are a class of antigens that cause non-specific activation of T-cells resulting in polyclonal T cell activation and massive cytokine release and causing symptoms similar to sepsis, e.g. hypotension and subsequent hyporeactivity.

Triglyceride profiling in adipose tissues from obese insulin sensitive, insulin resistant and type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals.

Background: Lipid intermediates produced during triacylglycerols (TAGs) synthesis and lipolysis in adipocytes interfere with the intracellular insulin signaling pathway and development of insulin resistance. This study aims to compare TAG species and their fatty acid composition in adipose tissues from insulin sensitive (IS), insulin resistant (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) obese individuals.

Methods: Human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from 64 clinically characterized obese individuals during weight reduction surgery.

Association of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two fat compartments with increased risk of insulin resistance in obese individuals.

Background: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a widely utilized class of flame retardants in various commercial products, represent a prominent source of environmental contaminants. PBDEs tend to accumulate in adipose tissue, potentially altering the function of this endocrine organ and increasing risk of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare levels of PBDEs in adipose tissues from two metabolically distinct obese groups; the insulin sensitive (IS) and the insulin resistant (IR).

Microparticles mediated cross-talk between tumoral and endothelial cells promote the constitution of a pro-metastatic vascular niche through Arf6 up regulation.

The tumor stroma plays an essential role in tumor growth, resistance to therapy and occurrence of metastatic phenotype. Tumor vessels have been considered as passive conducts for nutrients but several studies have demonstrated secretion of pro-tumoral factors by endothelial cells. The failure of anti-angiogenic therapies to meet expectations raised by pre-clinical studies prompt us to better study the cross-talk between endothelial and cancer cells.

Does consanguinity lead to decreased incidence of breast cancer?

Background: In the Middle East region, consanguinity remains to be a central feature where it has shown an increasing trend. Breast cancer is an extremely complex disease, characterized by a progressive multistep process caused by interactions of both environmental and genetic factors.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the possible effect of consanguinity on the risk of breast cancer in a population with a high rate of consanguinity and find the associated risk-modifying factors.

Impact of consanguinity on cancer in a highly endogamous population.

Background: Many epidemiological studies have indicated that inbreeding has little or no effect on the incidence of cancer. Due to the high prevalence of consanguinity in Qatar (54%), its influence may nevertheless be of special importance.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether parental consanguinity affects the risk of cancer in a local Arab highly inbred population.