Global Guidelines in Dermatology Mapping Project (GUIDEMAP): a systematic review of alopecia areata clinical practice guidelines.

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is a nonscarring alopecia with an estimated global prevalence of 2% and limited data on the efficacy of current treatment. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) provide recommendations based on best available evidence. It is unclear how many AA CPGs are available globally.

Potential Biomarker Identification by RNA-Seq Analysis in Antibiotic-Related Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS): A Pilot Study.

One of the most severe forms of cutaneous adverse drug reactions is "drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms" (DRESS), hence subsequent avoidance of the causal drug is imperative. However, attribution of drug culpability in DRESS is challenging and standard skin allergy tests are not recommended due to patient safety reasons. Whilst incidence of DRESS is relatively low, between 1:1000 and 1:10 000 drug exposures, antibiotics are a commoner cause of DRESS and absence of confirmatory diagnostic test can result in unnecessary avoidance of efficacious treatment.

Systematic review and critical appraisal of psoriasis clinical practice guidelines: a Global Guidelines in Dermatology Mapping Project (GUIDEMAP).

Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) developed with rigorous methods can help optimize clinical care for patients with psoriasis.

Objectives: To conduct an updated systematic review and comprehensive critical appraisal of global psoriasis CPGs.

Methods: A search of MEDLINE and Embase for psoriasis CPGs published between 1 January 2015 and 31 March 2021 was performed.

Global Guidelines in Dermatology Mapping Project (GUIDEMAP): a scoping review of dermatology clinical practice guidelines.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) play a critical role in standardizing and improving treatment outcomes based on the available evidence. It is unclear how many CPGs are available globally to assist clinicians in the management of patients with skin disease.

Objectives: To search for and identify CPGs for dermatological conditions with the highest burden globally.

Current Concepts in the Surgical Management of Non-melanoma Skin Cancers.

The surgical management of non-melanoma skin cancers has seen some significant changes over the past 20 years, as a result of developments in three equally important and overlapping specialties that deal with this specific pathology: plastic and reconstructive surgery, surgical oncology and dermatological surgery. Better understanding of vascular and particularly microvascular anatomy, coupled with technological advances in operating microscopes, microsurgical instrumentation and preoperative planning via advanced imaging, allows functional and aesthetic restoration of any radical oncological skin and soft-tissue surgery defect from head to toe. As reconstruction has practically lost its technical boundaries, resectional surgery can be executed without compromising on surgical margins, thus reducing rates of local recurrences and metastatic spread.

Evaluation and accurate diagnoses of pediatric diseases using artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods have emerged as powerful tools to transform medical care. Although machine learning classifiers (MLCs) have already demonstrated strong performance in image-based diagnoses, analysis of diverse and massive electronic health record (EHR) data remains challenging. Here, we show that MLCs can query EHRs in a manner similar to the hypothetico-deductive reasoning used by physicians and unearth associations that previous statistical methods have not found.

Complication rates of resident-performed cataract surgery: Impact of early introduction of cataract surgery training.

Purpose: To determine the effect of the early introduction of cataract surgery training on the complication rates of resident-performed cataract surgery.

Setting: University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Erratum: Genetic and environmental factors strongly influence risk, severity and progression of age-related macular degeneration.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2016.

Cafestol, a coffee diterpene, inhibits urotensin II-induced interleukin-8 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Cafestol, a diterpene molecule found in the berries of Coffea arabica L. (Rubiaceae), has been shown to exercise anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic effects. However, cafestol's cellular mechanism has yet to be fully investigated.

Genetic and environmental factors strongly influence risk, severity and progression of age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Here we genotyped the selected 25 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 983 cases with advanced AMD and 271 cases with intermediate AMD and build an AMD life-risk score model for assessment of progression from intermediate to advanced AMD. We analyzed the performance of the prediction model for geographic atrophy progressors or choroidal neovascularization progressors versus non-progressors based on the 25 SNPs plus body mass index and smoking status.

In vitro rapid diagnostic tests for severe drug hypersensitivity reactions in children.

Background: Previous reports have demonstrated the utility of T-cell proliferation and cytokine release assays as in vitro diagnostic tests for drug causation in drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR). However, data from pediatric populations are scarce compared with data in adults.

Objective: To compare the lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA) with combination cytokine assays in the pediatric population and to identify its potential use in the acute and postrecovery phases.

Skin cancer excision performance in Scottish primary and secondary care: a retrospective analysis.

Background: In contrast with most published evidence, studies from north-east Scotland suggest that GPs may be as good at treating skin cancers in primary care as secondary care specialists.

Aim: To compare the quality of skin cancer excisions of GPs and secondary care skin specialists in east and south-east Scotland.

Design And Setting: A retrospective analysis of reports from GPs in Lothian, Fife, and Tayside regions.

Optimizing outcomes of multifocal intraocular lenses.

Purpose Of Review: To update the readers on recent research for further optimizing outcomes and improving the patient satisfaction with multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Recent Findings: Recent studies provide few novel approaches on surgical interventions to improve the postoperative outcomes. The use of capsular tension rings can improve preoperative predictability, whereas femtosecond laser cataract surgery was not shown to provide significant benefit to postoperative visual acuity.

Association of LIPC and advanced age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To determine whether there is an association between hepatic lipase (LIPC) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in two independent Caucasian cohorts.

Methods: A discovery cohort of 1626 patients with advanced AMD and 859 normal controls and a replication cohort of 2159 cases and 1150 controls were genotyped for two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of LIPC. The associations between the SNPs and AMD were examined by χ(2) tests.

Ganciclovir ophthalmic gel 0.15%: safety and efficacy of a new treatment for herpes simplex keratitis.

Background: Until the availability of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel in 2009, the only option for treating herpes simplex (HSV) keratitis in the USA has been trifluridine (TFT), a compound with tolerability issues related to its nonselective inhibition of DNA replication in both normal cells and virus-infected cells. Ganciclovir has selective pharmacologic activity on viral thymidine kinase and a lower potential for toxicity to healthy human cells. Our objective was to evaluate safety and efficacy findings reported with the use of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel, both for HSV keratitis and other potential clinical indications.

Wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (Lasik) versus wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (Prk): a prospective randomized eye-to-eye comparison (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis).

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) vs photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Methods: A cohort of 68 eyes of 34 patients with -0.75 to -8.

Lack of association of CFD polymorphisms with advanced age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of irreversible central vision loss worldwide. Research has linked AMD susceptibility with dysregulation of the complement cascade. Typically, complement factor H (CFH), complement factor B (CFB), complement component 2 (C2), and complement component 3 (C3) are associated with AMD.

Pregnancy after TVT-O: case report and literature review.

A 37-year-old woman previously treated with TVT-O developed recurrent symptoms of stress urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Symptoms started to develop later in the second trimester and progressed gradually to affect her quality of life at the end of pregnancy. In the event she had a very quick spontaneous vaginal delivery at 40 weeks' gestation.

How long does a fetal scalp blood sample take?

The study aim was to identify the time from a decision to perform a fetal blood sample to the result of the test being available. A total of 100 consecutive fetal scalp blood samples taken on women in labour were identified from the blood gas analysers on the delivery suite. Eighty-nine percent of attempts yielded a result.

Peripartum hysterectomy in the 1990s: any new lessons?

We aimed to identify the risk factors and subsequent maternal and perinatal outcome associated with the procedure of peripartum hysterectomy. This was a retrospective case review carried out at the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, of all patients who underwent a peripartum hysterectomy from January 1990 to December 1999. Seventeen cases were performed during the study period from a total of 64 563 deliveries (0.

Laser in situ keratomileusis enhancement for consecutive hyperopia after myopic overcorrection.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy, predictability, and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for the treatment of consecutive hyperopia after myopic LASIK.

Setting: Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.

Methods: In a retrospective study, 36 eyes of 30 patients with consecutive hyperopia after myopic LASIK had LASIK retreatment using the VISX S2 excimer laser.