Heat Capacities of α-, β-, and γ- Polymorphs of Glycine.

As a part of our effort to establish reliable thermodynamic data for amino acids, the heat capacity and phase behavior are reported for two stable polymorphs (α and γ) of glycine (aminoacetic acid, CAS RN: 56-40-6). Prior to heat capacity measurement, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction were performed to determine decomposition temperatures and initial crystal structures, respectively. The literature heat capacities obtained by adiabatic calorimetry are available in the temperature interval (7-304).

Treatment Responses in Histologic Versus Molecular Diagnoses of Lung Rejection.

Histologic evaluation of allograft biopsies after lung transplantation has several limitations, suggesting that molecular assessment using tissue transcriptomics could improve biopsy interpretation. This single-center, retrospective cohort study evaluated discrepancies between the histology of transbronchial biopsies (TBBs) with no rejection (NR) and T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) by molecular diagnosis. The accuracy of diagnosis was assessed based on response to treatment.

Preparation and Testing of Polyethylenimine-Impregnated Silica Gel for CO Capture.

This work studied the low-temperature sorption of carbon dioxide on impregnated silica gel. An impregnating agent was used polyethyleneimine. The content of the impregnating agent in the silica gel matrix was 33.

Lung transplantation following controlled hypothermic storage with a portable lung preservation device: first multicenter European experience.

Introduction: Compared with traditional static ice storage, controlled hypothermic storage (CHS) at 4-10°C may attenuate cold-induced lung injury between procurement and implantation. In this study, we describe the first European lung transplant (LTx) experience with a portable CHS device.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted of all consecutively performed LTx following CHS (11 November 2022 and 31 January 2024) at two European high-volume centers.

Airway pepsinogen A4 identifies lung transplant recipients with microaspiration and predicts chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

Background: Aspiration is a known risk factor for adverse outcomes post-lung transplantation. Airway bile acids are the gold-standard biomarker of aspiration; however, they are released into the duodenum and likely reflect concurrent gastrointestinal dysmotility. Previous studies investigating total airway pepsin have found conflicting results on its relationship with adverse outcomes post-lung transplantation.

Demonstration of the Rationale for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Isavuconazole: A Case Report with a Lung Transplant Recipient.

Mucormycosis is a rare invasive fungal disease diagnosed in immunocompromised patients, including those with diabetes or iron overload, and in patients treated for hematological malignancies or after transplantation. Isavuconazole is a triazole antifungal effective against Mucorales with good tolerability, but with potential for relatively high interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics. This report demonstrates the case of a lung transplant recipient treated with isavuconasole that exhibits a very long elimination half-life of 159 hours, and discusses the practical implications of this finding for dosage adjustment and need for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Donor IL-17 receptor A regulates LPS-potentiated acute and chronic murine lung allograft rejection.

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is a major complication after lung transplantation that results from a complex interplay of innate inflammatory and alloimmune factors, culminating in parenchymal and/or obliterative airway fibrosis. Excessive IL-17A signaling and chronic inflammation have been recognized as key factors in these pathological processes. Herein, we developed a model of repeated airway inflammation in mouse minor alloantigen-mismatched single-lung transplantation.

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on anti-HLA antibodies and de novo donor specific antibodies incidence in lung transplant recipients.

Purpose: There are no clear guidelines on how to handle immunosuppression in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) infected by SARS-CoV-2. Antimetabolite reduction with corticosteroid escalation is the most frequent strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of this therapeutic approach on the incidence of de novo donor specific-antibodies (dnDSA).

Oesophageal stasis is a risk factor for chronic lung allograft dysfunction and allograft failure in lung transplant recipients.

Background: Morbidity and mortality in lung transplant recipients are often triggered by recurrent aspiration events, potentiated by oesophageal and gastric disorders. Previous small studies have shown conflicting associations between oesophageal function and the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Herein, we sought to investigate the relationship between oesophageal motility disorders and long-term outcomes in a large retrospective cohort of lung transplant recipients.

Dosing Optimization of Posaconazole in Lung-Transplant Recipients Based on Population Pharmacokinetic Model.

Although posaconazole tablets show relatively low variability in pharmacokinetics (PK), the proportion of patients achieving the PK/PD target at the approved uniform dose for both prophylaxis and therapy is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to develop a posaconazole population PK model in lung-transplant recipients and to propose a covariate-based dosing optimization for both prophylaxis and therapy. In this prospective study, 80 posaconazole concentrations obtained from 32 lung-transplant patients during therapeutic drug monitoring were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling, and a Monte Carlo simulation was used to describe the theoretical distribution of posaconazole PK profiles at various dosing regimens.

Heat Capacities of Acetyl Amides of Glycine, L-Alanine, L-Valine, L-Isoleucine, and L-Leucine.

As a follow-up to our effort to establish reliable thermodynamic data for amino acids, the heat capacity and phase behavior are reported for -acetyl glycine amide (CAS RN: 2620-63-5), -acetyl-L-alanine amide (CAS RN: 15962-47-7), -acetyl-L-valine amide (CAS RN: 37933-88-3), -acetyl-L-isoleucine amide (CAS RN: 56711-06-9), and -acetyl-L-leucine amide (CAS RN: 28529-34-2). Prior to heat capacity measurement, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction were performed to determine decomposition temperatures and initial crystal structures, respectively. The crystal heat capacities of the five -acetyl amino acid amides were measured by Tian-Calvet calorimetry in the temperature interval (266-350 K), by power compensation DSC in the temperature interval (216-471 K), and by relaxation (heat-pulse) calorimetry in the temperature interval (2-268 K).

Population pharmacokinetics and covariate-based dosing individualization of voriconazole in lung transplant recipients.

This study aimed to explore pharmacokinetics of voriconazole and its covariates in lung transplant recipients using population approach in order to propose dosing individualization. Data from routine therapeutic drug monitoring in adult lung transplant recipients treated with oral voriconazole were analysed with a three-stage population pharmacokinetic model using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. Monte Carlo simulations based on final voriconazole pharmacokinetic model were used to generate the theoretical distribution of pharmacokinetic profiles at various dosing regimens.

Heat Capacities of L-Cysteine, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Lysine, and L-Methionine.

In an effort to establish reliable thermodynamic data for amino acids, heat capacity and phase behavior are reported for L-cysteine (CAS RN: 52-90-4), L-serine (CAS RN: 56-45-1), L-threonine (CAS RN: 72-19-5), L-lysine (CAS RN: 56-87-1), and L-methionine (CAS RN: 63-68-3). Prior to heat capacity measurements, initial crystal structures were identified by X-ray powder diffraction, followed by a thorough investigation of the polymorphic behavior using differential scanning calorimetry in the temperature range from 183 K to the decomposition temperature determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Crystal heat capacities of all five amino acids were measured by Tian-Calvet calorimetry in the temperature interval (262-358) K and by power compensation DSC in the temperature interval from 215 K to over 420 K.

The molecular features of chronic lung allograft dysfunction in lung transplant airway mucosa.

Background: Many lung transplants fail due to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). We recently showed that transbronchial biopsies (TBBs) from CLAD patients manifest severe parenchymal injury and dedifferentiation, distinct from time-dependent changes. The present study explored time-selective and CLAD-selective transcripts in mucosal biopsies from the third bronchial bifurcation (3BMBs), compared to those in TBBs.

Mapping of the lung megakaryocytes: A role in pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension?

It has been postulated that platelets are produced by fragmentation of the megakaryocytes within the pulmonary circulation rather than budding of their cytoplasm within the bone marrow. Although literature is scarce depicting the levels of the megakaryocytes within the lungs from previously healthy individuals, there are several studies describing the presence of these cells in human necropsy specimens, and it has been hypothesized that their rearrangements could contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary vascular disorders. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics, distribution and total count of megakaryocytes in explants from lung transplant (LTx) recipients based on the final clinicopathological diagnosis, as well as in samples from LTx donors without previously known pulmonary disease.

The first lung retransplantation with "ECMO bridge" in the Czech Republic - case report.

During the last 23 years of the National Lung Transplant Program in the Czech Republic, more than 500 lung transplantations, 4 retransplantations and one lobar retransplantation have been performed. We present the case report of a female patient with cystic fibrosis who underwent her first bilateral lung transplantation in January 2020. Due to a chronic lung allograft dysfunction, the patient required ECMO support and retransplantation.

Significance of plasma fibrinogen and malondialdehyde in the post-inflammatory period in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Objectives: Evaluation of selected inflammatory parameters and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) significance in the post-inflammatory period in adult patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Laboratory biomarkers can be integrated into clinical practice as part of monitoring the effectiveness of treatment.

Methods: After recovery from an acute exacerbation of lung infection, selected inflammatory parameters (fibrinogen, IL-1, IL-6, SAA, hs-CRP) and serum MDA were examined in 30 adult patients with cystic fibrosis.

Evaluation of Permulgin 3274 as a Material for the Conservation of Beeswax Seals.

When treating historical beeswax seals, it seems a natural choice to use materials as similar to the original as possible. The properties of analogous recent materials, however, differ from those of the aged ones, not to mention the fact that the exact composition of the particular sealing wax is usually uncertain. In order to obtain the material of desired properties, recent beeswax is often combined with various additives, including petroleum waxes, or even replaced by mixtures based solely on these products.

Ganciclovir Pharmacokinetics and Individualized Dosing Based on Covariate in Lung Transplant Recipients.

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients, to explore its covariates, and to propose an individualized dosing regimen. Ganciclovir was administered according to the protocol in a standardized intravenous dose of 5 mg/kg twice daily. Serum ganciclovir concentrations were monitored as a trough and at 3 and 5 h after dosing.

Nutrient Management Effects on Wine Grape Tissue Nutrient Content.

With limited research supporting local nutrient management decisions in North Carolina grape () production, field studies (2015-17) were conducted to evaluate late season foliar nitrogen (N) application on leaf and petiole N concentration and yeast assimilable N (YAN) in the fruit. Foliar urea (1% ) was applied at different rates and application times beginning pre-and post-veraison. Compared to soil applied N, late season foliar N substantially enhanced petiole N and grape YAN.

A patient with pulmonary hypertension waiting for donor lungs during the pandemic: 194 days on extracorporeal life support including 143 days on pulmonary artery to left atrium shunt.

Patients with pulmonary hypertension and end-stage lung disease are fraught with high mortality while on a waiting list for lung transplant. With sometimes rapid deterioration they may require veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) as an immediate life-saving technique, which is a time-limited solution. The technique of pulmonary artery to left atrium (PA-LA) shunt fitted with an oxygenator enables bridging the patient to transplant for a longer time period.

Transcripts associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction in transbronchial biopsies of lung transplants.

Transplanted lungs suffer worse outcomes than other organ transplants with many developing chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), diagnosed by physiologic changes. Histology of transbronchial biopsies (TBB) yields little insight, and the molecular basis of CLAD is not defined. We hypothesized that gene expression in TBBs would reveal the nature of CLAD and distinguish CLAD from changes due simply to time posttransplant.