Building Strong Foundations: Nonrandomized Interventional Study of a Novel, Digitally Delivered Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults.

Background: Injuries from falls are a major concern among older adults. Targeted exercise has been shown to improve fall risk, and recommendations for identifying and referring older adults for exercise-based interventions exist. However, even when very inexpensive or free, many do not use available fall prevention programs, citing barriers related to convenience and safety.

Walnut consumption in a weight reduction intervention: effects on body weight, biological measures, blood pressure and satiety.

Background: Dietary strategies that help patients adhere to a weight reduction diet may increase the likelihood of weight loss maintenance and improved long-term health outcomes. Regular nut consumption has been associated with better weight management and less adiposity. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a walnut-enriched reduced-energy diet to a standard reduced-energy-density diet on weight, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and satiety.

A walnut-containing meal had similar effects on early satiety, CCK, and PYY, but attenuated the postprandial GLP-1 and insulin response compared to a nut-free control meal.

Regular nut consumption is associated with lower adiposity and reduced weight gain in adulthood. Walnut feeding studies have observed minimal effect on body weight despite potential additional energy intake. Several mechanisms may explain why consuming nuts promotes weight control, including increased early phase satiety, possibly reflected in postprandial response of gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptides hypothesized to affect appetite.

Randomized clinical trial of portion-controlled prepackaged foods to promote weight loss.

Objective: Providing portion-controlled prepackaged foods in a behavioral counseling intervention may promote more weight and fat loss than a standard self-selected diet.

Methods: The primary aim was to test whether providing portion-controlled prepackaged lunch and dinner entrées within a behavioral weight loss intervention promotes greater weight loss at 12 weeks compared to self-selected foods in adults with overweight/obesity. Other aims were to examine effects on biological factors, fitness, and meal satisfaction.

Dietary restraint and low bone mass in female adolescent endurance runners.

Background: Because disordered eating (DE) has been related to menstrual irregularity (MI) and low bone mineral density (BMD) in some studies of female athletes but not in others, it seems beneficial to assess the DE attitudes and behaviors most associated with these conditions.

Objective: We aimed to determine the relation between Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) subscale scores, pathologic behaviors, MI, and low BMD in adolescent female runners.

Design: Participants were 93 female competitive cross-country runners 13-18 y old.

Disordered eating and menstrual irregularity in high school athletes in lean-build and nonlean-build sports.

The authors' purpose was to determine the prevalence and compare associations of disordered eating (DE) and menstrual irregularity (MI) among high school athletes. The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and a menstrual-history questionnaire were administered to 423 athletes (15.7 +/- 1.

Bone mineral density in female high school athletes: interactions of menstrual function and type of mechanical loading.

During adolescence, skeletal integrity of girls is largely dependent on menstrual function and impact exercise, yet currently there is limited research regarding the interaction between menstrual status and type of mechanical loading associated with various high school sports. Our purpose was to examine associations of menstrual status, type of mechanical loading, and bone mineral density (BMD) in female high school athletes participating in high/odd impact or repetitive/non-impact sport. Participants were 161 female high school athletes (15.

Influence of sports participation and menarche on bone mineral density of female high school athletes.

Weight-bearing exercise during adolescence may enhance peak bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce osteoporosis risk. The association of sports participation before and after menarche with areal BMD (by central DXA) was investigated in 99 female high school athletes (age 15.5+/-1.

Prevalence of the female athlete triad syndrome among high school athletes.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the female athlete triad (disordered eating, menstrual irregularity, and low bone mass) among high school athletes.

Design: Observational cross-sectional study.

Setting: High school.