Surgical cystectomy training using human cadavers embalmed using Thiel's method: a pilot study.

Objectives: To develop the use of Thiel soft embalmed human cadavers (TeC) in open radical cystectomy (ORC) training for the first time, to investigate the effect of cadaveric training on surgical trainees' technical skills/performance and to determine how trainees perceive the use of cadaveric workshops.

Methods: A 3-day hands-on workshop was organised. Ten trainees performed ORC on five TeC, supervised by five experts.

Functional Outcome and Complications following Ileal Neobladder Reconstruction in Male Patients without Tumor Recurrence. More than 35 Years of Experience from a Single Center.

Purpose: There is a lack of data on true long-term functional outcome of orthotopic bladder substitution. The primary study objective was to report our 35-year clinical experience.

Materials And Methods: Since October 1985, 259 male patients from a large single center radical cystectomy series with complete followup of more than 60 months (median 121, range 60-267) without recurrence, irradiation or undiversion that might have affected the functional outcome, were included.

Unexpected Early Oncologic Mortality after Open Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: Who Is to Be Blamed?

Purpose: To investigate prevalence and variables associated with early oncologic mortality (EOM; within ≥30 to ≤90 days) of open radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer. The unexpected rapidity of tumour recurrence and the huge metastatic burden of these patients drew us to analyse this cohort.

Methods: We reviewed our RC database.

[Surgical treatment of bladder cancer: advances made in the past 50 years].

The past 5 decades have seen major advances in the surgical treatment of bladder cancer, which have significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Enhanced understanding of tumour biology as well as a large number of newly developed endoscopic instruments and techniques have contributed to making treatment more successful. Moreover, modified and improved surgical techniques of radical cystectomy have been implemented and the clinical and pathological risk stratification of patients has been improved.

Update of the ICUD-SIU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2018: urinary diversion.

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive overview and update of the joint consultation of the International Consultation on Urological Diseases (ICUD) and Société Internationale d'Urologie on Bladder Cancer Urinary Diversion (UD).

Methods: A detailed analysis of the literature was conducted reporting on the different modalities of UD. For this updated publication, an exhaustive search was conducted in PubMed for recent relevant papers published between October 2013 and August 2018.

Development and validation of surgical training tool: cystectomy assessment and surgical evaluation (CASE) for robot-assisted radical cystectomy for men.

Background: We aimed to develop a structured scoring tool: cystectomy assessment and surgical evaluation (CASE) that objectively measures and quantifies performance during robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) for men.

Methods: A multinational 10-surgeon expert panel collaborated towards development and validation of CASE. The critical steps of RARC in men were deconstructed into nine key domains, each assessed by five anchors.

Preoperatively Dilated Ureters are a Specific Risk Factor for the Development of Ureteroenteric Strictures after Open Radical Cystectomy and Ileal Neobladder.

Purpose: We evaluated preoperative ureteral obstruction as a risk factor for benign ureteroenteric anastomosis strictures in patients who underwent open radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder diversion.

Materials And Methods: A total of 953 patients in whom bilateral ileoureterostomy was performed between January 1986 and March 2009 formed the study population. A nonrefluxing Le Duc technique was applied in 357 consecutive patients and a refluxing Wallace type technique was applied in 596.

Single Center Experience with Secondary Urinary Diversion after Initial Radical Cystectomy and Primary Urinary Diversion.

Purpose: We evaluate the risk of a second urinary diversion in patients after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 1,614 patients who underwent urinary diversion from January 1986 to March 2009. The primary diversion was neobladder in 71.

Management of T1 Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: What Do We Know and What Do We Need To Know?

T1 bladder cancer constitutes approximately 25% of incident bladder cancers, and as such carries an important public health impact. Notably, it has a heterogeneous natural history, with large variation in reported oncologic outcomes. Optimal risk-stratification is essential to individualize patient management, targeting those at greatest risk of progression for aggressive therapies such as early cystectomy, while allowing others to safely pursue bladder-preserving approaches including intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerrin (BCG).

Urinary diversion: how experts divert.

Objective: To determine the rates of the available urinary diversion options for patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in different settings (pioneering institutions, leading urologic oncology centers, and population based).

Methods: Population-based data from the literature included all patients (n = 7608) treated in Sweden during the period 1964-2008, from Germany (n = 14,200) for the years 2008 and 2011, US patients (identified from National Inpatient Sample during 1998-2005, 35,370 patients and 2001-2008, 55,187 patients), and from Medicare (n = 22,600) for the years 1992, 1995, 1998, and 2001. After the International Consultation on Urologic Diseases-European Association of Urology International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012, the urinary diversion committee members disclosed data from their home institutions (n = 15,867), including the pioneering institutions and the leading urologic oncology centers.

The feasibility of ureteral tissue engineering using autologous veins: an orthotopic animal model with long term results.

Background: In an earlier study we demonstrated the feasibility to create tissue engineered venous scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. In this study we investigated the use of tissue engineered constructs for ureteral replacement in a long term orthotopic minipig model. In many different projects well functional ureretal tissue was established using tissue engineering in animals with short-time follow up (12 weeks).

Urinary diversion after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: options, patient selection, and outcomes.

Context: The urinary reconstructive options available after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer are discussed, as are the criteria for selection of the most appropriate diversion, and the outcomes and complications associated with different diversion options.

Objective: To critically review the peer-reviewed literature on the function and oncological outcomes, complications, and factors influencing choice of procedure with urinary diversion after RC for bladder carcinoma.

Evidence Acquisition: A Medline search was conducted to identify original articles, review articles, and editorials on urinary diversion in patients treated with RC.

Association of T-cell co-regulatory protein expression with clinical outcomes following radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Purpose: Expression of T-cell co-regulatory proteins has been associated with worse outcomes in patients with UCB. We aimed to confirm these findings.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised tissue microarrays from 302 consecutive UCB patients treated with RC and lymphadenectomy between 1988 and 2003, 117 matched lymph nodes, and 50 cases of adjacent normal urothelium controls, which were evaluated for B7-H1, B7-H3, and PD-1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry.