Growth references for weight, height, and body mass index for Ecuadorian children and adolescents aged 5-19 years.

Introduction: The assessment of growth during childhood and adolescence is a critical component of health care at all levels, but it is also part of nutritional status diagnosis and the timely detection of related conditions. Ecuador lacks national growth references, so it has decided to adopt the international standards proposed by the World Health Organization. The objective of this study was to develop national references for weight, height, and body mass index for children and adolescents.

[Body mass index charts of Algerian children and adolescents (6-18 years)].

The body mass index (BMI) is widely accepted as a measure of overweight and obesity in children. There are no BMI reference charts for Algerian children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to construct BMI percentile curves appropriate for children aged 6-18 years in Algeria.

[Weight and height local growth charts of Algerian children and adolescents (6-18 years of age)].

Measurements of height and weight provide important information on growth and development, puberty, and nutritional status in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to develop contemporary reference growth centiles for Algerian children and adolescents (6-18 years of age). A cross-sectional growth survey was conducted in government schools on 7772 healthy schoolchildren (45.

Influence of growth rate on nitrogen balance in adolescent sprint athletes.

This study aimed to estimate nitrogen balance and protein requirements in adolescent sprint athletes as a function of growth rate and physical development. Sixty adolescent sprint athletes were followed up biannually over a 2-yr period. Individual growth curves and age at peak height velocity were determined.

Growth references for 0-19 year-old Norwegian children for length/height, weight, body mass index and head circumference.

Background: Previous growth references for Norwegian children were based on measurements from the 1970s and 1980s. New reference data, collected through the Bergen Growth Study and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, are presented as LMS values.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional sample of children aged 0-19 years in stratified randomized design measured in 2003-2006 as a part of the Bergen Growth Study (n = 7291) and birth data of children born in 1999-2003 from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (n = 12 576) was used to estimate the new references by the means of the LMS method.

Overweight and obesity in Norwegian children: prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity and to identify socio-demographic risk factors in Norwegian children.

Methods: The body mass index of 6386 children aged 2-19 years was compared with the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off values to estimate the prevalence of overweight including obesity (OWOB) and obesity (OB). The effect of socio-demographic factors on this prevalence was analysed using multiple ordinal logistic regression analysis in a subsample of 3793 children.

Breastfeeding, growth and growth standards: Performance of the WHO growth standards for monitoring growth of Belgian children.

Background: In 2006, the World Health Organization published universal growth standards for all children from birth to 5 years of age, based on a sample of breastfed children.

Aims: The present study documented breastfeeding prevalence in the Flemish Growth Survey 2004, and compared growth of exclusively breastfed children in Flanders with local reference charts and WHO growth standards.

Subjects And Methods: A subset of 3287 children 0-3 years of age from the Flemish reference population was studied.

Growth of Belgian and Norwegian children compared to the WHO growth standards: prevalence below -2 and above +2 SD and the effect of breastfeeding.

Background: New national growth references have been published in Belgium and Norway. The WHO recommends universal use of their 2006 Child Growth Standards based on data from breastfed children.

Objective: To compare the growth of Belgian and Norwegian children with the WHO standards.

References for growth and pubertal development from birth to 21 years in Flanders, Belgium.

Background: Due to the secular trend in length and height, growth references need to be updated regularly. Reference charts that were until recently used in Belgium are based on samples collected more than 30 years ago, and references for body mass index (BMI) and pubertal development have not been established before.

Aims: To establish contemporary cross-sectional reference charts for height, weight, BMI, head circumference, and pubertal development from birth to 21 years of age, based on a representative sample of children from Flanders, Belgium.

Multifactorial analysis of a mixed-longitudinal sample of Indian siblings: Age and sex effects on heritability.

The aim of the present study was to examine the heritability of 11 traits in a mixed-longitudinal sample of Indian siblings, and to determine whether heritability estimates vary during the growth period and whether they are influenced by sex. The sample consisted of 245 brothers and 213 sisters from 138 nuclear families living in a semi-urban area in Kolkata, India. The age ranged between 5 and 19 years.

[Growth references for Norwegian children].

Background: The growth charts currently used in Norway, are based on measurements from the 1970s and 80s. New data are available from the Bergen Growth Study collected in 2003 - 6. In 2006, WHO published international charts for 0-5 year-old children.

Overweight and obesity in Norwegian children: secular trends in weight-for-height and skinfolds.

Aim: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in paediatric populations has been rapidly increasing in many countries over the past decades. The aims of the present study were to provide new data on weight-for-height and skinfolds, and to compare these to growth references for children between 3 and 17 years, collected in the same city between 1971 and 1974.

Material: The present study is based on cross-sectional data of 4115 children (2086 boys and 2029 girls) aged 4-15 years measured in 2003-6.

Heritability variations of morphometric traits in West Bengal (India) children aged 4-19 years: a mixed-longitudinal growth study.

Background: Longitudinal and semi-longitudinal growth studies on siblings reflecting heritability changes during growth are very scarce. Moreover, studies of variables other than height, weight and BMI are virtually non-existent.

Aim: The study compared changes in the heritability of six body lengths, four body breadths, and three indices between ages 4 and 19 years on the basis of a mixed-longitudinal sample of siblings, and examined whether heritability estimates change during the growth period.

Growth of children living in the outskirts of Ankara: impact of low socio-economic status.

Background: Most studies of the growth of Turkish schoolchildren are limited to large cities and to subjects from high socio-economic background. Very little is known about growth and development of rural, suburban and low socio-economic children in Turkey.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare height and weight of school-aged children of low socio-economic background with available growth data from high socio-economic strata, and to verify the possible influences of three socio-demographic parameters on their growth.

Age trends of sibling resemblance for height, weight and BMI during growth in a mixed longitudinal sample from Sarsuna-Barisha, India.

Background: Even though some studies have considered that sibling resemblance remains constant throughout the life cycle, several investigations emphasize the importance of age and its interactions with genetic and environmental factors in determining sibling similarity in several bodily traits. In fact, the study of age changes in familial resemblance is of great importance for the analysis of certain sources of variation observed in growth processes.

Aim: The study examined sibling resemblance for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) in a mixed longitudinal sample from West Bengal, ages 2-19 years, in order to analyse the variations with age of the sibling resemblance for these phenotypes during growth.

Influence of hOGG1, XRCC1 and XRCC3 genotypes on biomarkers of genotoxicity in workers exposed to cobalt or hard metal dusts.

Identification of genetic polymorphisms responsible for reduced DNA repair capacity may allow better cancer prevention. We examined whether variations in genes involved in base-excision (hOGG1, XRCC1) and double strand break (XRCC3) DNA repair contribute to inter-individual differences in genotoxic effects induced in the lymphocytes of 21 cobalt (Co) exposed, 26 hard metal (WC-Co) exposed and 26 matched control male workers. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP.

Total pubertal growth and markers of puberty onset in adolescents with GHD: comparison between mathematical growth analysis and pubertal staging methods.

Unlabelled: Two methods of determining puberty onset (Preece- Baines model 1 (PB1) and Tanner staging) were used to calculate total pubertal growth (TPG) in adolescents with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

Patients And Methods: 34 patients (11 girls) met the following inclusion criteria: isolated GHD, >2 years growth hormone therapy prior to puberty onset, regular weight-adjusted GH dosage, known final height (age >21 years or height velocity <0.5 cm/year), no induction of puberty.

Growth patterns and final height in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Results of a multicenter study.

Background: Longitudinal growth and bone age (BA) development are the most important clinical parameters for monitoring adequate glucocorticoid replacement in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Aim Of The Study: To analyze the growth pattern of patients treated for CAH of the salt wasting (SW) and simple virilizing (SV) clinical forms; to evaluate final height as compared to reference data and individual target height; to evaluate the course of BA development.

Patients And Methods: A large database of 598 patients with CAH was created in 5 Central European countries and growth data of 341 treated patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency were analyzed retrospectively.

Height velocity in Argentinean girls with Turner's syndrome.

Height velocities from birth to maturity derived from 1,049 height increments measured over intervals 0.85-1.15 years were studied from a sample of 187 patients with Turner's syndrome (TS) diagnosed on the basis of karyotype.

Longitudinal growth study of male Japanese junior high school athletes.

The aim of this study was to establish the pattern of adolescent growth in height of male Japanese athletes, and to compare their growth with appropriate controls. The sample consisted of 126 baseball, 39 basketball, 83 soccer, and 53 volleyball players, and 36 nonathletes. The data were collected retrospectively in six public schools in Fukui Prefecture of Western Japan between 1970 and 1987.

Genetic analysis of growth curve parameters of body weight, height and head circumference.

A sample of 681 Israeli boys and girls, including 355 regular siblings (SB), 112 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) and 51 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins, was measured for body weight (WT), length (HT) and head circumference (HC) at birth and during the first year of life. The Count model with three parameters was chosen as the best fitting and most parsimonious function to approximate growth of the studied traits. The curves' fitting parameters were estimated for WT, HT and HC for each individual.

Secular changes in growth and maturation: an update.

Secular changes in growth and maturation in recent decades have been reviewed for various populations. The secular increase in attained height during the growth period is continuing in most countries, but has slowed down. The increase in adult stature over the past decades has varied between 0.

Age variations in sibling correlations for height, sitting height and weight.

Familial correlations for height, sitting height and weight have been studied in a sample of 1278 siblings for the Biscay province (Basque Country), aged 4+ to 24+ years. The data have been internally standardized according to sex and age of individuals. The degree of resemblance among sibling has been expressed by intraclass correlation coefficients.