Correction to: CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress regulates HO-1 and GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

In the original publication of the article, the wrong β-actin blots were pasted in Figs. 1b and 2c. The correct versions of Figs.

NADPH oxidase mediated maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphs: Crosstalk with mitochondrial dysfunction.

Oxidative stress is a key factor in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and impaired mitochondrion regulate oxidative stress-mediated maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced Parkinsonism. However, their contribution in the MB- and PQ-induced toxicity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is still elusive.

Cytoprotective and Anti-secretory Effects of Azadiradione Isolated from the Seeds of Azadirachta indica (neem) on Gastric Ulcers in Rat Models.

Azadirachta indica is well known medicinal plant mentioned in ancient herbal texts. It has been extensively used in Ayurvedic, Unani and Homoeopathic medicine and has become a luminary of modern medicine. As part of our drug discovery program we isolated azadiradione from the ethanolic extract of seeds of A.

The manganese-salen compound EUK-134 and N-acetyl cysteine rescue from zinc- and paraquat-induced toxicity in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Oxidative stress is implicated in toxicant-induced inflammation leading to chronic diseases. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) offer the first line of defense against infection in the mammals and protect against inflammation-mediated pathological anomalies. Conversely, activated PMNs contribute to the oxidative stress-mediated damage and inflammation.

Human mitochondrial genome flaws and risk of cancer.

Mitochondria perform significant roles in cellular energy metabolism. Among others, these functions include free radicals generation, control of cell death, growth, development, integration of signals from mitochondria to nucleus and nucleus to mitochondria, and various metabolic pathways. The biological impact of a given mutation may vary, depending on the nature of the mutation and the proportion of mutant mtDNAs carried by the cell.

CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress regulates HO-1 and GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione-S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4-4), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are implicated in maneb- and paraquat-induced toxicity leading to various pathological conditions. The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Rats were treated with/without maneb and/or paraquat for 1, 2, and 3 weeks along with vehicle controls.

Anti-secretory and cyto-protective effects of peganine hydrochloride isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala on gastric ulcers.

Gastroprotective mechanism of peganine hydrochloride isolated from Peganum harmala seeds was investigated. Peganine hydrochloride was evaluated against cold restraint (CRU), aspirin (AS), alcohol (AL) and pyloric ligation (PL) induced gastric ulcer models in rats. Potential anti-ulcer activity of peganine was observed against CRU (50.

Arbortristoside-A and 7-O-trans-cinnamoyl-6β-hydroxyloganin isolated from Nyctanthes arbortristis possess anti-ulcerogenic and ulcer-healing properties.

Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn (Oleaceae) is widely distributed in sub-Himalayan regions and southwards to Godavari, India commonly known as Harsingar and Night Jasmine. In continuation of our drug discovery program on Indian medicinal plants, we isolated arbortristoside-A (AT) and 7-O-trans-cinnamoyl-6β-hydroxyloganin (6-HL) from the seeds of N. arbortristis.

Anti-secretory and cyto-protective effects of chebulinic acid isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula on gastric ulcers.

In continuation of our drug discovery program on Indian medicinal plants, the gastro protective mechanism of chebulinic acid isolated from Terminalia chebula fruit was investigated. Chebulinic acid was evaluated against cold restraint (CRU), aspirin (AS), alcohol (AL) and pyloric ligation (PL) induced gastric ulcer models in rats. Potential anti-ulcer activity of chebulinic acid was observed against CRU (62.

Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of N-acetyl cysteine and silymarin-mediated protection against maneb- and paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Oxidative stress is one of the major players in the pathogenesis of maneb (MB) and paraquat (PQ)-induced disorders. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a glutathione (GSH) precursor and silymarin (SIL), a naturally occurring antioxidant, encounter oxidative stress-mediated cellular damage. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of NAC and SIL against MB and/or PQ-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Comparative structural analysis of two proteins belonging to quorum sensing system in Vibrio cholerae.

Vibrio cholerae uses quorum sensing communication system to interact with other bacteria and for gauzing environmental parameters. This organism dwells equally well in both human host and aquatic environments. Quorum sensing regulates multitude of activities and is one of the lucrative targets presently pursued for drug design in bacteria to encounter virulence.

Involvement of NADPH oxidase and glutathione in zinc-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rats: similarity with paraquat neurotoxicity.

An association between excessive zinc (Zn) accumulation in brain and incidences of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been shown in several epidemiological and experimental investigations. The involvement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and glutathione (GSH) in the pathogenesis of PD has also been proposed in a few studies. Despite the implicated role of oxidative stress in PD, the entire mechanism of Zn-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration has not yet been clearly understood.

Effect of selenium on connexin expression, angiogenesis, and antioxidant status in diabetic wound healing.

This study was done to analyze the effect of selenium on antioxidant status and expression of different connexins in diabetic wound healing. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxide, and connexins were analyzed in wound tissues taken from diabetic and non-diabetic mice before and after sodium selenite administration. The mRNA transcript levels of Cx 26, 30.

Binding efficiencies of carbohydrate ligands with different genotypes of cholera toxin B: molecular modeling, dynamics and docking simulation studies.

Vibrio cholerae produces cholera toxin (CT) that consists of two subunits, A and B, and is encoded by a filamentous phage CTXΦ. The A subunit carries enzymatic activity that ribosylates ADP, whereas the B subunit binds to monosialoganglioside (GM1) receptor in epithelial cells. Molecular analysis of toxigenic V.

Maneb and paraquat-induced modulation of toxicant responsive genes in the rat liver: comparison with polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Experimental studies have shown that toxicant responsive genes, cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a critical role in pesticide-induced toxicity. CYPs play pro-oxidant role and GSTs offer protection in maneb (MB) and paraquat (PQ)-induced brain and lung toxicities. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of repeated exposures of MB and/or PQ on lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione content (GSH) and toxicant responsive genes, i.

Effect of zinc and paraquat co-exposure on neurodegeneration: Modulation of oxidative stress and expression of metallothioneins, toxicant responsive and transporter genes in rats.

Oxidative stress is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). Metallothioneins (MT), cytochrome P450 IIE1 (CYP2E1) and glutathione S-transferases alpha4-4 (GSTA4-4) are involved in oxidative stress-mediated damage. Altered dopamine transporter (DAT) and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT-2) are also documented in PD.

IL-6 receptor-mediated lung Th2 cytokine networking in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary silicosis is a deadly disease which kills thousands of people every year worldwide. The disease initially develops as an inflammatory response with recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lung controlled by multiple cytokines. The question whether these cytokines exert biological functions through signal transducing pathway remains unanswered along with the potential role of interleukin-6 receptor α (IL-6Rα) in regulating inflammatory cytokines.

Homology modelling of a sensor histidine kinase from Aeromonas hydrophila.

Aeromonas hydrophila has been implicated in extra-intestinal infection and diarrhoea in humans. Targetting unique effectors of bacterial pathogens is considered a powerful strategy for drug design against bacterial variations to drug resistance. The two-component bacterial system involving sensor histidine kinase (SHK) and its response regulators is considered a lucrative target for drug design.

The involvement of nitric oxide in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the manifestations of maneb (MB) and paraquat (PQ)-induced toxicity including MB+PQ-induced Parkinson's disease (PD). Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) actively participate in the oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and organ toxicity. The present study was undertaken to investigate the MB- and/or PQ-induced alterations in the indices of oxidative stress in rat PMNs.