Navigating motherhood: biological and landscape factors affecting postpartum movement in white-tailed deer.

Background: Population growth and management in cervid species is dependent on reproductive ecology and factors influencing juvenile survival. Aspects of the female's movement behavior likely affect juvenile survival and movement patterns of pregnant and lactating females differ from non-pregnant or non-lactating females. Explanations for these differing movement patterns include change in nutritional demands for the female, isolation during parturition, and predator avoidance.

The role of maximal inspiratory pressure on functional performance in adults with heart failure.

Background: Exercise intolerance is common among adults with heart failure (HF) and is a strong prognostic indicator. We examined maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) as an indicator of maximal and submaximal exercise capacity in older HF patients.

Methods: Fifty-one patients age ≥ 50 years with HF underwent MIP testing via the PrO device.

Loss of NAMPT and SIRT2 but not SIRT1 attenuate GLO1 expression and activity in human skeletal muscle.

Glyoxalase I (GLO1) is the primary enzyme for detoxification of the reactive dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MG). Loss of GLO1 promotes accumulation of MG resulting in a recapitulation of diabetic phenotypes. We previously demonstrated attenuated GLO1 protein in skeletal muscle from individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Body Composition, Falls, and Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease: Gender-Specific Effects.

Background: Postural instability and gait difficulties (PIGD) are a significant cause of mobility loss and lower quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). When PD progresses, patients may experience falls and freezing of gait (FoG) resulting in fear of falling and increasing sedentariness. Sedentary behavior results in sarcopenia associated with other changes in body composition, especially in older patients becoming frail.

Association of Specific Leg Muscle Strength and Motor Features in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Postural instability and gait difficulties (PIGD) are a significant cause of falls, mobility loss, and lower quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). The connection between PD progression and diminished strength in the lower limbs has been acknowledged. However, the identification of specific muscle groups linked to PIGD and non-PIGD motor features is still unknown.

Medical student´s motivational changes during the COVID-19 university lockdown: a mixed-method study.

Background: During the crucial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face undergraduate medical education was disrupted and replaced with online teaching activities. Based on its emphasized impact on several outcomes, a deeper insight into the pandemic related effects on medical students´ motivation is aspirational. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the motivational changes that took place during the pandemic in medical students and explored, how motivation of medical students is influenced.

Patellar tendon biomechanical and morphologic properties and their relationship to serum clinical variables in persons with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

Tendon biomechanical properties and fibril organization are altered in patients with diabetes compared to healthy individuals, yet few biomarkers have been associated with in vivo tendon properties. We investigated the relationships between in vivo imaging-based tendon properties, serum variables, and patient characteristics across healthy controls (n = 14, age: 45 ± 5 years, body mass index [BMI]: 24 ± 1, hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]: 5.3 ± 0.

Plasma undercarboxylated osteocalcin dynamics with glycemic stress reflects insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in humans with and without T2DM.

This study aimed to better understand the relationship between bone-related biomarkers and nutrient stress in the context of metabolic health. We investigated plasma osteocalcin (OC) during an oral glucose challenge and experimental hyperinsulinemia in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and lean healthy controls (LHC). Older individuals with obesity and T2DM (n = 9) and young LHCs (n = 9) underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a 40 mU/m/min hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on circulating sTLR and sRAGE profiles in normal- and abnormal-glucose-tolerant individuals.

BMI-matched normal- (NGT, n = 10, 41 ± 4y, 35.6 ± 3.0 kg/m ) and abnormal-glucose-tolerant (AGT, n = 16, 51 ± 3y, 34.

Glyoxalase I is a novel target for the prevention of metabolic derangement.

Obesity prevalence in the US has nearly tripled since 1975 and a parallel increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity promotes a myriad of metabolic derangements with insulin resistance (IR) being perhaps the most responsible for the development of T2D and other related diseases such as cardiovascular disease. The precarious nature of IR development is such that it provides a valuable target for the prevention of further disease development.

Soluble RAGE and skeletal muscle tissue RAGE expression profiles in lean and obese young adults across differential aerobic exercise intensities.

Nearly 40% of Americans have obesity and are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle is responsible for >80% of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake that is attenuated by the inflammatory milieu of obesity and augmented by aerobic exercise. The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is an inflammatory receptor directly linking metabolic dysfunction with inflammation.

Exercise-induced changes to the fiber type-specific redox state in human skeletal muscle are associated with aerobic capacity.

The benefits of exercise involve skeletal muscle redox state alterations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). We determined the fiber-specific effects of acute exercise on the skeletal muscle redox state in healthy adults. Muscle biopsies were obtained from 19 participants (11 M, 8 F; 26 ± 4 yr) at baseline (fasted) and 30 min and 3 h after treadmill exercise at 80% maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o).

Infectious complications of radiologically placed upper arm ports: A single center analysis.

Objectives: Infections are common complications in venous access ports. The presented analysis aimed to investigate the incidence, microbiological spectrum, and acquired resistances of pathogens in upper arm port associated infections to provide a decision aid in the choice of therapy.

Materials And Methods: In total, 2667 implantations and 608 explantations were performed at a high-volume tertiary medical center between 2015 and 2019.

Proceedings from the Albert Charitable Trust Inaugural Workshop on 'Understanding the Acute Effects of Exercise on the Brain'.

An inaugural workshop supported by "The Leo and Anne Albert Charitable Trust," was held October 4-7, 2019 in Scottsdale, Arizona, to focus on the effects of exercise on the brain and to discuss how physical activity may prevent or delay the onset of aging-related neurodegenerative conditions. The Scientific Program Committee (led by Dr. Jeff Burns) assembled translational, clinical, and basic scientists who research various aspects of the effects of exercise on the body and brain, with the overall goal of gaining a better understanding as to how to delay or prevent neurodegenerative diseases.

Neutralization of excessive CCL28 improves wound healing in diabetic mice.

Chronic, non-healing skin wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and often result in limb amputation and even death. However, mechanisms by which T2DM and inflammation negatively impact skin wound healing remains poorly understood. Here we investigate a mechanism by which an excessive level of chemokine CCL28, through its receptor CCR10, impairs wound healing in patients and mice with T2DM.

Towards European automatic bioaerosol monitoring: Comparison of 9 automatic pollen observational instruments with classic Hirst-type traps.

To benefit allergy patients and the medical practitioners, pollen information should be available in both a reliable and timely manner; the latter is only recently possible due to automatic monitoring. To evaluate the performance of all currently available automatic instruments, an international intercomparison campaign was jointly organised by the EUMETNET AutoPollen Programme and the ADOPT COST Action in Munich, Germany (March-July 2021). The automatic systems (hardware plus identification algorithms) were compared with manual Hirst-type traps.

Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Innovative non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are critically needed. This study compared the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with exercise to fasting alone, or exercise alone, on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content. Adults with obesity and NAFLD (n = 80, 81% female, age: 23-65 years) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups for 3 months: combination of ADF (600 kcal/2,500 kJ "fast day" alternated with an ad libitum intake "feast day") and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (5 session per week, 60 min/session); ADF alone; exercise alone; or a no-intervention control group.

High Intensity Acute Aerobic Exercise Elicits Alterations in Circulating and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Expression of Neuroprotective Exerkines.

Background: Cathepsin B (CTSB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are increased with aerobic exercise (AE) and skeletal muscle has been identified as a potential source of secretion. However, the intensity of AE and the potential for skeletal muscle contributions to circulating CTSB and BDNF have not been fully studied in humans.

Objective: Determine the effects of AE intensity on circulating and skeletal muscle CTSB and BDNF expression profiles.

Glycocalyx Disruption Triggers Human Monocyte Activation in Acute Heart Failure Syndromes.

Purpose: Acute heart failure (AHF) syndromes manifest increased inflammation and vascular dysfunction; however, mechanisms that integrate the two in AHF remain largely unknown. The glycocalyx (GAC) is a sugar-based shell that envelops all mammalian cells. Much GAC research has focused on its role in vascular responses, with comparatively little known about how the GAC regulates immune cell function.

Influence of a Flat Polyimide Inlay on the Propagation of Guided Ultrasonic Waves in a Narrow GFRP-Specimen.

Structural health monitoring systems for composite laminates using guided ultrasonic waves become more versatile with the structural integration of sensors. However, the data generated within these sensors have to be transmitted from the laminate to the outside, where polyimide-based printed circuit boards play a major role. This study investigates, to what extent integrated polyimide inlays with applied sensor bodies influence the guided ultrasonic wave propagation in glass fiber-reinforced polymer specimens.

On diabetic foot ulcer knowledge gaps, innovation, evaluation, prediction markers, and clinical needs.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain a very prevalent and challenging complication of diabetes worldwide due to high morbidity, high risks of lower extremity amputation and associated mortality. Despite major advances in diabetes treatment in general, there is a paucity of FDA approved technologies and therapies to promote successful healing. Furthermore, accurate biomarkers to identify patients at risk of non-healing and monitor response-to-therapy are significantly lacking.

Study in Parkinson's disease of exercise phase 3 (SPARX3): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: To date, no medication has slowed the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental data on humans all support many benefits of endurance exercise among persons with PD. The key question is whether there is a definitive additional benefit of exercising at high intensity, in terms of slowing disease progression, beyond the well-documented benefit of endurance training on a treadmill for fitness, gait, and functional mobility.