The role of abdominal muscle training in combination with pelvic floor muscle training to treat female urinary incontinence - a pilot 12-week study.

Introduction: Current literature is inconclusive as to whether transversus abdominis (TrA) training can provide an additional benefit to pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training in female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We designed a study to investigate the effect of PFM and TrA training on incontinence parameters.

Material And Methods: 60 females with SUI were randomised to PFM training alone or PFM plus TrA training.

The effect of combination treatment with low-intensity shockwave therapy and daily tadalafil on severe erectile dysfunction: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Patients with severe erectile dysfunction (ED) remain the most challenging group in terms of available noninvasive treatment modalities.

Aim: The study sought to assess the role of combination therapy with low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) and daily tadalafil 5 mg in a highly select group of patients with severe vasculogenic ED through a double-blind, randomized trial.

Methods: Forty-eight sexually active men were randomly assigned to 12 sessions of LiST 3 times weekly and tadalafil 5 mg once daily (n = 34) or sham therapy and tadalafil (n = 17) for 4 weeks.

Platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.

Introduction: There has been tremendous growth in regenerative medicine during the last decade. For erectile dysfunction (ED), after the inclusion of low-intensity shockwave therapy as a treatment modality for ED management by the European Association of Urology sexual health guidelines, intracavernosal injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained popularity between urologists and patients as a novel ED therapeutic modality with initial promising results. However, limited clinical data exist regarding efficacy and safety in patients with ED.

The Effect of Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy on Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: We conducted the first double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of low-intensity shock wave therapy (LiST) exclusively in patients with moderate erectile dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: Seventy patients were randomized to 12 sessions of LiST (35) or sham therapy (35) twice weekly. Patients were evaluated at 1 and 3 months after completion of treatment.

The Effect of Combination Treatment With Low-Intensity Shockwave Therapy and Tadalafil on Mild and Mild-To-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Combination of different first-line treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach.

Aim: To conduct the first double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) and tadalafil vs LiST and placebo in patients with mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED.

Methods: Fifty sexually active patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to 6 sessions of LiST twice weekly for 3 weeks and tadalafil (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25) once daily for 4 weeks.

The Effect of Phosphodiesterase-type 5 Inhibitors on Erectile Function: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Multiple systematic reviews explore the effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors on erectile dysfunction (ED), with each study addressing specific outcomes. However, physicians and policymakers require a holistic approach of this topic. To summarize the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of PDE5 inhibitors for the management of ED through an overview of systematic reviews.

Effect of phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitors on erectile function: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Introduction: Phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are the recommended first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that they are a safe and effective option in many patient groups. Similarly, PDE5i may be effective as part of combination therapy in non-responders to PDE5i.

Synchronous bilateral testicular cancer with discordant histopathology occurring in a 20-year-old patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Bilateral testicular tumors are very rare, accounting for 1%-5% of all testicular germ-cell tumors (TGCTs). The vast majority of primary bilateral TGCTs are metachronous, with synchronous tumors comprising approximately 0.5%-1% of all cases.

Comparing two different low-intensity shockwave therapy frequency protocols for nonbacterial chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial.

Background: Despite encouraging results, the optimal low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) protocol in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) remains unknown. We conducted a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial aiming to compare the efficacy and safety of six LiST sessions applied once or twice weekly.

Methods: Fifty patients with CP/CPPS type IIIb were randomly assigned to six LiST sessions once (Group A, n = 25) or twice weekly (Group B, n = 25).

Sildenafil 4.0-Integrated Synthetic Chemistry, Formulation and Analytical Strategies Effecting Immense Therapeutic and Societal Impact in the Fourth Industrial Era.

Sildenafil is a potent selective, reversible inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Whilst twenty years have passed since its original approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), sildenafil enters the fourth industrial era catalyzing the treatment advances against erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. The plethora of detailed clinical data accumulated and the two sildenafil analogues marketed, namely tadalafil and vardenafil, signify the relevant therapeutic and commercial achievements.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Improves Erectile Function: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Animal studies postulate that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections improve key elements of the pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim: To conduct the first double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of PRP injections in patients with mild and moderate ED.

Methods: Sixty sexually active patients with mild and moderate ED were randomly assigned to two sessions, with a one-month difference, of 10 mL PRP (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) intracavernosal injections.

Sexual Dysfunction in Women With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: In women with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), female sexual dysfunction (SD) remains underestimated.

Aim: To explore the prevalence, correlates, diagnostic approach and treatment modalities of sexual symptoms in females with ESRD.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate both the prevalence of SD and the pooled Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores in ESRD females.

The Effect of Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shockwave Treatment on the Urinary Bladder in an Experimental Diabetic Rat Model.

Purpose: Preclinical data increasingly support an impact of low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (Li-ESWT) on the bladder. We investigated the molecular effects of Li-ESWT on the bladder of a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.

Methods: Fifteen 8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: a control group (n=5), a group of diabetic rats without treatment (diabetes mellitus [DM], n=5) and a group of diabetic rats treated with Li-ESWT (DM-ESWT, n=5).

Assessment of Combination Therapies vs Monotherapy for Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Combining 2 first-line treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) or initiating other modalities in addition to a first-line therapy may produce beneficial outcomes.

Objective: To assess whether different ED combination therapies were associated with improved outcomes compared with first-line ED monotherapy in various subgroups of patients with ED.

Data Sources: Studies were identified through a systematic search in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception of these databases to October 10, 2020.

Micro-Ultrasound-Guided vs Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Targeted Biopsy in the Detection of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Micro-ultrasound is a novel high resolution ultrasound technology aiming to improve prostate imaging and, consequently, the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Micro-ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy may present comparable detection rates to the standard of care multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-targeted prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer. We aimed to compare the detection rate of micro-ultrasound vs multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-targeted prostate biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Low-intensity shockwave therapy for the management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to improve the level of evidence and determine the efficacy and safety of low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases from inception to November 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the role of LiST for the management of CP/CPPS. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis of RCTs comparing LiST vs sham therapy on CP/CPPS symptoms at different time-points after treatment.

Renal Transplantation Improves Erectile Function in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction has a lower prevalence in renal transplant recipients compared to dialysis patients. Despite this observation, the effect of renal transplantation on erectile function remains unknown. We aimed to assess the role of renal transplantation on erectile function and to determine potential factors improving or deteriorating erectile dysfunction.

Does Ureteral Stenting Increase the Risk of Metachronous Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma in Patients with Bladder Tumors? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: Ureteral stenting in patients with bladder cancer may become necessary in order to protect the ureteral orifice during transurethral resection of the tumor or for relief of upper urinary tract obstruction. However, it is believed to increase metachronous upper tract urothelial carcinoma risk.

Materials And Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing ureteral stenting versus nephrostomy or no drainage with regard to the risk of metachronous upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is an under-recognized clinical entity in men with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and studies on renal transplant recipients, patients on dialysis, and patients starting dialysis report different prevalence rates and severity of ED among these groups.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and severity of ED in patients with ESRD, assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function-15 and International Index of Erectile Function-5.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies assessing the prevalence of ED in ESRD individuals.

Evaluating the usefulness of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to ESWL in patients with sterile urine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this review is to evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) on asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients with sterile urine undergoing ESWL.

Evidence Acquisition: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Registry were searched systematically for randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of AP in patients with sterile urine undergoing SWL up to May 2020. Risk ratios were used to compare dichotomous outcomes.