Infrequent microsatellite instability during the evolution of myelodysplastic syndrome to acute myelocytic leukemia.

Microsatellites are highly polymorphic, short-tandem repeat sequences dispersed throughout the genome. Instability of these repeat sequences at multiple gentic loci may result from mismatch repair errors and occur in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and several other sporadic cancers, including chronic myelocytic leukemia as it progresses to blastic crisis. We investigated whether genetic instability occurred as myelodysplasia progressed to acute myelocytic leukemia.

Allelotype analysis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

To identify the genetic events that may play an important role in leukemogenesis of childhood ALL, we report for the first time the allelotyping of childhood ALL. Twenty-four cases of childhood ALL were screened for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using 101 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, which are distributed among all autosomal chromosomes. For LOH analysis on both chromosomes 9 and 12, 54 childhood ALL samples were examined.

Alterations of the p16 (MTS1) gene in testicular, ovarian, and endometrial malignancies.

Purpose: The p16 (MTS1) gene codes for a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and may be a new tumor suppressor gene. It is frequently mutated in a variety of cell lines established from tumors. This is the first report of screening for alteration of the p16 gene in testicular, ovarian and endometrial malignancies.

Changes in immunoreactive insulin, C-peptide immunoreactivity, and immunoreactive glucagon in acute viral hepatitis.

Insulin and glucagon are thought to play important roles as hepatotrophic factors in acute viral hepatitis (AVH); however, few reports have investigated the responses and relationships of each of these hormones to liver damage in detail. We studied insulin and glucagon responses during the acute and recovery phases of AVH. We performed a glucose tolerance test (GTT) and an insulin sensitivity test (IST) in each phase in 11 patients with AVH.

Alterations of the p27KIP1 gene in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

The protein p27KIP1 belongs to a recently identified family of proteins termed cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs). These proteins play an important role in regulating cell-cycle progression and loss of their function has been implicated in tumorigenesis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) may induce cell growth arrest through p27 activation.

Molecular analysis of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor gene p27/Kip1 in human malignancies.

Cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes play important roles in controlling the cell cycle. The CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) inhibit the kinase activities of the complexes and block transitions of the cell cycle. Recently several CDKI genes have been cloned, and evidence suggests that at least a couple of these may be tumor suppressor genes.

Homozygous deletions of the p15 (MTS2) and p16 (CDKN2/MTS1) genes in adult T-cell leukemia.

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is associated with prior infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Twenty to 40 years often elapse from viral infection to overt ATL, suggesting that other genetic events must occur to produce frank leukemia. The p15 (MTS2) and p16 (CDKN2/MTS1) genes located on chromosome 9p have been implicated as candidate tumor-suppressor genes in several types of tumors.

[Aspergillus lumbar discitis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia following induction therapy].

A 47-year-old female was admitted in October 1988 because of anemia and lymphoblastic cells in peripheral blood. A bone marrow aspirate was hypercellular with 93.9% lymphoblasts negative for peroxidase staining.

Complete remission in a patient with hypoplastic acute lymphoblastic leukemia induced by granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor.

We report here a case of hypoplastic leukemia with T cell markers in whom complete remission was obtained with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone. A 23-year-old male was diagnosed with hypoplastic leukemia: Hb 2.6 g/dl, platelet count 29.

Cytotoxic effect of extracellular ATP on L1210 leukemic cells and normal hemopoietic stem cells.

The cytotoxic effect of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was examined on normal murine hemopoietic stem cells and a representative leukemic cell line (L1210). After L1210 cells were incubated with 4 mM ATP for 3 h, 3H-thymidine incorporation was almost completely inhibited. The number of viable L1210 cells was also significantly decreased and L1210 colony formation was suppressed to approximately 30% of the control level after treatment.

Selective killing of murine leukemic cells by adenosine triphosphate (ATP): a study of the value of autologous bone marrow transplantation.

To assess the value of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for ex vivo purging of leukemic cells in autologous bone marrow transplantation, its biological effects on the murine leukemic cell lines (WEHI3B and L1210) and normal murine bone marrow hemopoietic stem cells (CFU-C and CFU-S) were studied. After treatment with 4 mM of ATP for 6 h, the number of viable WEHI3B cells decreased to less than 0.1% of that of the control.

Effects of ceruletide on the dopamine receptor-adenylate cyclase system in striatum and frontal cortex of rats chronically treated with haloperidol.

Chronic treatment of rats with haloperidol decanoate (30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg IM every 4 weeks for 52 weeks) increased [3H] SCH 23390 binding in striatal membranes by 25% and 50% and in frontal cortical membranes by 56% and 125% in 30 and 100 mg/kg haloperidol treatment groups, respectively. These increases in [3H] SCH 23390 binding to the membranes were restored to control levels after ceruletide treatment (100 micrograms/kg IP twice a day for 5 days). [3H] Spiperone binding to the rat striatal and cortical membranes also increased after chronic haloperidol treatment (by 66% and 99% in striatal membranes and by 27% and 62% in cortical membranes in the 30 and 100 mg/kg haloperidol treatment groups, respectively).

[Pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in patients treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT)].

We assessed pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in 10 BMT patients. Their underlying disorders were as follows; chronic myeloid leukemia 5 cases, acute lymphoblastic leukemia 2 cases, aplastic anemia, acute myeloid leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma one case each. Their mean age was 26 +/- 9 years old.

Inhibitory effects of the cholecystokinin antagonist loxiglumide on pancreatic exocrine secretion and pancreatic growth in conscious rats.

The effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor antagonist Loxiglumide (CR 1505) on pancreatic exocrine secretion and growth stimulated by chronic bile-pancreatic juice diversion to the ileum were studied in conscious rats. Pancreatic secretion was measured each day at 0900 h for 7 d. Pancreatic flow and protein output were significantly increased 24 h after bile-pancreatic juice diversion.

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in a graft-versus-host disease patient treated with cyclosporine A and prednisolone.

A 38-year-old male patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia in the first chronic phase underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA identical sibling. He developed chronic graft-versus-host disease and his condition gradually deteriorated. Fourteen months after BMT, acute progressive anemia, thrombocytopenia, reticulocytosis, increased serum lactic dehydrogenase and increased serum bilirubin were revealed following treatment with cyclosporine A (240 mg/day i.

[Histological evaluation of intra-arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy of pancreatic carcinomas].

Histological analyses of 16 autopsies of pancreatic carcinoma [9 cases after intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy (IAC), and 7 cases of systemic chemotherapy (SC)] were performed. Histological effects of chemotherapy (Shimosato) were seen in 15 cases, but less than 5 Grade II a. cases of IAC and 4 cases of SC showed Grade IIa, 3 cases of IAC and 3 cases of SC showed Grade I.

[Changes in collagen and non-collagen protein metabolisms in rat acute pancreatitis induced by ethionine].

Collagen and non-collagen protein metabolisms in rat acute pancreatitis induced by ethionine were investigated with an incorporation study of 3H-proline to those proteins. Enhanced collagen metabolism, which may provide a basis for parenchymal cells regeneration, was observed in the initial phase of acute pancreatitis. This phenomenon was followed by the increase of non-collagen protein metabolism, and histologically mitosis of pancreatic acinar cell was detected concomitantly.

[Serum and ascitic phospholipase A2 activities and their heat stabilities in taurocholate induced rat acute pancreatitis].

Serum and ascitic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities in rat acute pancreatitis induced by sodium taurocholate (TCA) were investigated with special reference to their heat stabilities and were compared to those in serum of carrageenan induced granuloma in rats. PLA2 activity was measured by previously reported radiochemical method and was separated into two forms, heat stable and labile PLA2, based on the stability to preincubation at 55 degrees C for 5 minutes. While a heat stable PLA2 predominantly increased in ascitic fluid, the elevations of both heat stable and labile PLA2 activities in serum were observed in TCA induced pancreatitis.

[Development of pancreatic exocrine function including intestinal negative feedback regulation using oral trypsin inhibitor in rats].

To investigate the development of pancreatic exocrine function and intestinal negative feedback regulation with aging in rats, we measured pancreas weight, content of amylase and trypsinogen in the rat pancreas and plasma CCK concentrations, activity of amylase and trypsin in the small intestine at an hour after oral administration of trypsin inhibitor (TI), and also examined amylase secretory response to CCK-8 in the rat pancreatic acini at various ages in vitro. As a result, amylase content per pancreas weight increased with the age and amylase activity in the small intestine at al ages showed a significant increase in TI group compared to controls. Plasma CCK concentrations were elevated after administration of TI at all ages.

[A case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome developed in liver cirrhosis patient addicted to alcohol].

A 55-year-old man with addiction of alcohol was admitted to our hospital with hematoemesis. After admission, the rupture of esophageal varices was observed and it was treated with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. On the 3rd hospital day, the patient showed alcohol withdrawal syndrome and therefore haloperidol was administered intramuscularly and intravenously.

Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-stimulated human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cell iodination by sera from various cancer patients.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) dose- and time-dependently stimulated the iodination (incorporation of radioactive iodine into an acid-insoluble fraction) of human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). The addition of sera obtained from patients with brain tumors, or gastric, pancreatic, hepatocellular, common bile duct or lung carcinoma significantly inhibited TNF-stimulated PMN iodination, whereas sera of normal volunteers were, in general, not inhibitory. TNF-stimulated iodination of human peripheral blood monocytes was almost eliminated by brain tumor patient sera, but was significantly enhanced by normal human sera.

[Changes of the urinary excretions of hydroxyproline and fibronectin fragment in acute pancreatitis].

Urinary excretions of hydroxyproline and fibronectin fragment (FN fragment) were serially investigated in the patients with acute pancreatitis or acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. While urinary excretion of FN fragment showed the maximal level on the first day of admission, high levels of urinary hydroxyproline were observed on the second to fifth day. As to the changes in the individuals, peak level of urinary FN fragment always preceded that of hydroxyproline.

[The effectiveness of CDDP in metastatic adenocarcinoma with unknown origin].

A 28-year-old man with inoperable metastatic adenocarcinoma in the retroperitoneum was referred to our hospital for a further evaluation for its origin. The tumor was measured 80 x 107 mm by abd. U.

[Studies on heat stability of phospholipase A2 in human serum].

Heat stability of human serum phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was investigated comparing to those of porcine pancreatic PLA2 (p-PLA2) and PLA2 in human duodenal aspirate. PLA2 activity was measured by radiochemical method using phosphatidylcholine as a substrate. While the activities of PLA2 in duodenal aspirate and p-PLA2 solution were not influenced by the heat treatment of 55 degrees C, PLA2 activity in normal human serum was remarkably decreased by the preincubation at 55 degrees C for only 5 minutes.

[Collagen metabolism in ethionine induced rat chronic pancreatic injury].

Under low choline diet, chronic pancreatic injury was induced by the intraperitoneal administration of ethionine of 10 mg/100 g body weight, 3 times a week for sequential 8 weeks in rats and histological changes, pancreatic hydroxyproline and collagenase activity were studied. Histologically, acute inflammatory changes were observed mainly in the early days, and infiltration of fibroblastoid cells was increased on the 28th day. Then, fat droplets deposition became remarkable.