Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Sputum Patients with Suspected Tuberculosis.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is predominantly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and can also involve nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). These pathogens pose significant global health challenges, particularly in developing countries. Differentiating between MTBC and NTM in clinical specimens is often difficult using conventional acid-fast staining methods, leading to an underestimation of NTM prevalence in TB-endemic regions.

An influenza mRNA vaccine protects ferrets from lethal infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus.

The global spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus poses a serious pandemic threat, necessitating the swift development of effective vaccines. The success of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology in the COVID-19 pandemic, marked by its rapid development and scalability, demonstrates its potential for addressing other infectious threats, such as HPAI A(H5N1). We therefore evaluated mRNA vaccine candidates targeting panzootic influenza A(H5) clade 2.

Endophthalmitis patients in Makassar City: molecular identification of pathogenic fungal profile.

Background: Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the internal ocular structures, usually caused by bacterial or fungal infections, and can lead to rapid, irreversible blindness. Fungal endophthalmitis (FE), primarily due to Candida albicans and Aspergillus, is less common than bacterial endophthalmitis but has shown an increase in prevalence over the past two decades. Diagnosing FE is challenging and often delayed due to the time-consuming nature of traditional culture methods.

Single immunization with an influenza hemagglutinin nanoparticle-based vaccine elicits durable protective immunity.

Vaccination is the most effective strategy to combat influenza. Ideally, potent and persistent vaccine effects would be induced with a single vaccine dose. Here, we designed a virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine presenting multiple copies of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) from A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8HA-VLP) and examined its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in ferrets.

Finite element analysis of stabilization splint pressure distribution in a patient with disc displacement without reduction: A preliminary study.

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the pattern of condylar pressure distribution in the discs of a patient diagnosed with disc displacement without reduction.

Materials And Methods: This research consisted of a pre- and post-test observational clinical study. A patient diagnosed with disc displacement without reduction underwent treatment with an occlusal splint for 3 months.

Molecular Identification of Mycobacterium leprae in the Leprosy Patients.

Background: Several discoveries about leprosy indicate that Mycobacterium leprae transmission mainly occurs by inhalation, and the nose is a major port of entry and exit. Molecular probes have shown certain potential for the detection and identification of M. leprae in patients.

YAP activation in Müller cells protects against NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell injury by regulating Bcl-xL expression.

Retinal neurodegeneration, characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, is a leading cause of vision impairment and loss in blind diseases, such as glaucoma. Müller cells play crucial roles in maintaining retinal homeostasis. Thus, dysfunction of Müller cells has been implicated as one of the causes of retinal diseases.

Opportunity for genome engineering to enhance phosphate homeostasis in crops.

Plants maintain cellular homeostasis of phosphate (Pi) through an integrated response pathway regulated by different families of transcription factors including MYB, WRKY, BHLH, and ZFP. The systemic response to Pi limitation showed the critical role played by inositol pyrophosphate (PP-InsPs) as signaling molecule and SPX (SYG1/PHO81/XPR1) domain proteins as sensor of cellular Pi status. Binding of SPX to PP-InsPs regulates the transcriptional activity of the MYB-CC proteins, phosphate starvation response factors (PHR/PHL) as the central regulator of Pi-deficiency response in plants.

Peatlands management for sustainable use on the integration of maize and cattle in a circular agriculture system in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Management of peatlands with an integrated system of maize and cattle is an alternative to circular agriculture in peatland areas that can increase economic growth in rural areas which is environmentally friendly and sustainable (green economy). This study aims to obtain a circular agriculture model with zero waste management based on the integration of maize and cattle which is environmentally friendly and sustainable in peatland areas, in addition to increasing the added value and farmers' income. This circular agriculture model utilizes site-specific technological innovations and local resources that can restore sustainability in the peatland.

Association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D polymorphism with the risk of knee OA: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Background: Previous studies have linked genetics to knee osteoarthritis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D polymorphism may cause OA. However, evidence remains inconsistent.

Autocalibration based on dilution of a single concentrated standard is used for the determination of silicate in sea water by the modified molybdenum blue method.

The silicate (Si) molybdenum blue method was modified by combining oxalate and ascorbic acid into a single reagent and was used for determining Si in sea water samples. The first step of this automated assay protocol was designed to perform either a calibration by a single Si standard prepared in deionized (DI) water, or to dilute samples in the range of 0-160 μM Si to fit into 0-20 μM Si calibration range using a 20 cm flow cell. By designing the assay protocol to function in batch mode, the influence of salinity on calibration was eliminated, thus making the method suitable for analysis of samples collected in the open ocean, coastal areas, or rivers.

Analysis of interleukin 7 and platelet-derived growth factor-BB mRNA expression as potential markers in erythema nodosum leprosum.

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an immunological complication of leprosy characterized by acute inflammation of the skin, nerves, and other organs. Identifying laboratory parameters is important for early diagnosis of leprosy reactions. Various cytokine biomarkers have been examined and only a few studies have reported on angiogenesis in leprosy.

Interactive pregnancy education on stress, cortisol, and epinephrine level in primigravida of trimester III pregnant: a quasi-experimental.

Infant mortality is caused by various health problems, especially since the gestation period, even starting before the gestation period. Stress during pregnancy affects the motor, cognitive, and emotional development of the baby. This study aims to determine the effect of interactive pregnancy education (IPE) on decreasing levels of cortisol, epinephrine, and its relationship with stress levels in third-trimester primigravida pregnant women.

Unearthing the role of septins in viral infections.

Septin proteins are a subfamily of closely related GTP-binding proteins conserved in all species except for higher plants and perform essential biological processes. Septins self-assemble into heptameric or octameric complexes and form higher-order structures such as filaments, rings, or gauzes by end-to-end binding. Their close association with cell membrane components makes them central in regulating critical cellular processes.

Hypnotherapy influence on maternal psychological, breastfeeding, mRNA-OXTR expression, and OXTR protein.

Hypnotherapy has emerged as a potential alternative to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates, particularly in countries like Indonesia where they are below optimal levels. This study aims to evaluate the impact of audio hypnotherapy on the psychological, exclusive breastfeeding behavior, the OXTR protein and mRNA expression gene OXTR in mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. This study employed a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial design, conducted from November 2022 to May 2023 in 11 primary health centers.

SOX4 reversibly induces phenotypic changes by suppressing the epithelial marker genes in human keratinocytes.

Background: SOX4 is a transcription factor belonging to the SOX (Sry-related High Mobility Group [HMG] box) family and plays a pivotal role in various biological processes at various stages of life. SOX4 is also expressed in the skin in adults and has been reported to be involved in wound healing, tumor formation, and metastasis.

Methods And Results: In this study, we investigated the role of SOX4 in keratinocyte phenotypic changes.

A potential mechanism of miana () and quercetin via NF-κB in infection.

Purpose: To prove the effect of Miana (M), Quercetin (Q), and the combination as an anti-inflammatory agent and Cefixime (C) as an antibiotic in Balb/c mice infected with serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) and related to the dynamics of NF-κB mRNA expression and NF-κB protein levels.

Methods: A cohort study on male Balb/c mice with subjects consisted of 8 groups with 5 each group by administration of M, Q, M + Q, M + C, Q + C, M + Q + C, C only and sterile distilled water group as negative control.

Impact of a history of cardiovascular disease and physical activity habits on the incidence of functional disability.

We examined the impact of a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) or cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and physical activity habits on functional disability among community-dwelling Japanese adults. This population-based retrospective cohort study included 10,661 people aged 39-98 years in Japan (5054, men). Median follow-up was 3.

Lifestyle Intervention With Smartphone App and isCGM for People at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Trial.

Aims: Although conventional interventions for people at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes are usually conducted face-to-face, such interventions are burdensome for health care providers. We developed a lifestyle intervention program combining lifestyle coaching via a smartphone application augmented by intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring without burdening health care providers. Its effectiveness for glycemic control and body weight reduction in people at risk of type 2 diabetes was investigated.