Aerosolized Bacillus anthracis infection in New Zealand white rabbits: natural history and intravenous levofloxacin treatment.

The natural history for inhalational Bacillus anthracis (Ames strain) exposure in New Zealand white rabbits was investigated to better identify potential, early biomarkers of anthrax. Twelve SPF Bordetella-free rabbits were exposed to 150 LD(50) aerosolized B. anthracis spores, and clinical signs, body temperature, complete blood count, bacteremia, and presence of protective antigen in the blood (that is, antigenemia) were examined.

Evaluation of the efficacy of modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)/IMVAMUNE against aerosolized rabbitpox virus in a rabbit model.

Infection of rabbits with aerosolized rabbitpox virus (RPXV) produces a disease similar to monkeypox and smallpox in humans and provides a valuable, informative model system to test medical countermeasures against orthopoxviruses. Due to the eradication of smallpox, the evaluation of the efficacy of new-generation smallpox vaccines depends on relevant well-developed animal studies for vaccine licensure. In this study, we tested the efficacy of IMVAMUNE [modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN)] for protecting rabbits against aerosolized RPXV.

Evaluation of orally delivered ST-246 as postexposure prophylactic and antiviral therapeutic in an aerosolized rabbitpox rabbit model.

Orthopoxviruses, such as variola and monkeypox viruses, can cause severe disease in humans when delivered by the aerosol route, and thus represent significant threats to both military and civilian populations. Currently, there are no antiviral therapies approved by the U.S.

Ingluvial squamous cell carcinoma in a game chicken.

A 4.5-yr-old rooster was presented for a "lump on the neck." The bird exhibited dyspnea immediately prior to death.

Kinetics of serum antibody responses in broiler chicks against Cryptosporidium baileyi.

The kinetics of serum antibody responses in broiler chickens against Cryptosporidium baileyi were studied. Broilers were inoculated intratracheally with 250,000 C. baileyi oocysts at 1, 7, or 14 days of age.

Correlation of circulating antibody and cellular immunity with resistance against Cryptosporidium baileyi in broiler chickens.

The correlation of circulating antibody and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) with resistance to Cryptosporidium baileyi was studied using hormonal and chemical bursectomy in the one experiment and cyclosporin A in a second experiment. In Expt. 1, there was no correlation between antibody (confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and resistance to infection as measured by body weight, gross lesions, morbidity, and mortality.

Experimental biliary cryptosporidiosis in broiler chickens.

Biliary cryptosporidiosis was studied by inoculation of 2 x 10(5) Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts (AU-B1 isolate) into the gall bladders of ten 6-day-old broiler chickens. Clinical signs of disease were not seen. Three of the 10 chickens developed biliary tract infections, based on histologic examination of tissue sections.

Endemic malignant catarrhal fever at the San Diego wild animal park.

Malignant Catarrhal Fever was diagnosed in an Indian Gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus), a Barasingha Deer, (Cervus duvauceli duvauceli), and four Javan Banteng (Bos javanicus javanicus) at the San Diego Wild Animal Park between July, 1976 and January, 1979. Three of the four Banteng lived adjacent to an exhibit in which wildebeast were born at 29.68 and 82 days prior to the Banteng's deaths.

Aflatoxicosis in swine.

In an episode of aflatoxicosis in feeder pigs, mortality was about 20%. Histopathologic findings characteristic of experimentally induced aflatoxicosis and the finding of aflatoxin B1 in the serum of pigs and in the cornbased feed confirmed the diagnosis. Aflatoxins B1 and B2 were found in the corn used to prepare the feed.

Isolation of Salmonella houtenae from a cockateel.

Salmonella houtenae (43:Z4,Z23:-), a biochemically aberrant serotype, was isolated from the liver and air sac of a male cockateel. This serotype is a member of Salmonella subgenus IV, which is dulcitol-negative, salicin-positive, and KCN-positive. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation of this serotype from an avian species.