The severity of dry eye symptoms and risk factors among university students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a tear film disorder caused by increased tear evaporation or decreased production. The heavy workload on the eye and the increased usage of digital screens may decrease blink frequency, leading to an increased evaporation rate and an upsurge in the incidence and severity of DES. This study aims to assess the severity of DES symptoms and the risk factors among university students.

Relationship Between Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Weight Self-Stigma Among Youths in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Study.

Background and objectives Many research studies show that self-stigma related to weight can exacerbate mental health issues. There is also evidence suggesting that depression, anxiety, and stress could be predictors of weight stigma. However, these connections have not been thoroughly investigated among young people in Saudi Arabia, where there is a high prevalence of obesity.

Assessment of the Level of Knowledge and Attitude Towards Herpes Zoster and Its Vaccination Among Individuals at Risk in Saudi Arabia.

Background Herpes zoster (HZ) is a viral infection resulting from the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. The vaccination was proven to prevent herpes zoster and its complications for individuals over the age of 50 since they are more susceptible to herpes zoster infection. Therefore, it is essential to understand and acknowledge the herpes zoster infection and vaccine.

Awareness of Hernias and Their Risk Factors Among Adults in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.

Objective To assess the awareness of hernia and its risk factors among adults in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Our hypothesis was that the studied population was in need of education regarding this matter.  Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the western region of Saudi Arabia from November to December 2022, using a Google form.

Acceptance and Attitude Toward Cosmetic Surgeries in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Cosmetic surgery refers to any surgical intervention that alters normal bodily characteristics in order to attain a more appealing appearance as perceived by the patient. Data from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) indicates a consistent rise in plastic surgery procedures over time. The objective of our research is to carry out a cross-sectional investigation to assess the perceptions and attitudes toward cosmetic surgery among individuals residing in the western region of Saudi Arabia.

Awareness of the General Population Toward Constipation and Its Complications in the Western Region, Saudi Arabia.

Background and aim Constipation can be defined as unsatisfying defecation characterized by difficult stool passage, infrequent stools, or both. Complications include hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and prolapse of pelvic organs. Unfortunately, there needs to be more data available regarding awareness on this subject.

Non-invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP) Lowers the Risk of Malignancy in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology Diagnostic Categories.

Background: The introduction of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) has been shown to decrease the risk of malignancy (ROM) in The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. This knowledge may alter the management of patients with thyroid nodules.

Objectives: To correlate cytological diagnosis with histological diagnosis for establishing the ROM of all Bethesda system categories after the introduction of NIFTP.

Neurology Case Report: Rapidly Progressive Dementia and Extrapyramidal Symptoms as the First Presentation of Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is a rare complication of primary malignancy that spreads to leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Due to its rarity, it is often diagnosed as a late complication of an advanced tumor. This report presents a case study of a 72-year-old nonsmoking female with multiple comorbidities with two-week rapidly progressive cognitive decline and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS).

Recurrent Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasm in the Gallbladder: A Case Report.

Mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN) of the gallbladder are rare with no established therapeutic strategies. We report a case of recurrent gallbladder MiNEN from a population with a low incidence of gallbladder carcinomas, a review of the current therapeutic options, and recent updates on the nomenclature proposed by the World Health Organization in 2017.

Giant Ileocecal Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp: Unique Clinical Presentation.

Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) are infrequent gastrointestinal tract benign neoplasms. They mostly occur in the stomach especially the antrum. Signs and symptoms depend on their anatomic location and lesion size.

Granular Cell Tumor of Thyroid: Challenging Pitfalls and Mimickers in Diagnosis.

Mesenchymal tumors of the thyroid are extremely rare. Only few isolated cases of primary thyroid granular cell tumor (GrCT) have been reported. The anatomic location of this lesion plays an important role in the differential diagnosis.

Patterns of diagnostic procedures for lung cancer pathology in the Middle East and North Africa.

Background: Accurate pathological diagnosis is the first critical step in the management of lung cancer. This step is important to determine the histological subtype of the cancer and to identify any actionable targets. Our study aimed at evaluating the patterns of procedures used to obtain pathological diagnosis of lung cancer in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region.

Posterior fossa teratoma.

Germ cell tumors comprise approximately 2-5% of all childhood brain tumors. They arise predominantly in the pineal and suprasellar region, but may occur throughout the brain. Teratomas are generally divided into gonadal and extragonadal types.

Primary prostatic central zone adenocarcinoma.

The central zone (CZ) of the prostate is embryologically, anatomically, and histologically distinct. High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) are encountered in the CZ, but have not been well studied. Non-CZ PAC that spread into the CZ can mimic CZ PAC.

Secondary prostatic adenocarcinoma: a cytopathological study of 50 cases.

Positive diagnosis of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma (PAC) can be made by microscopic examination of the cytologic specimens and immunostaining for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP). Immunohistochemical markers have been known to display negative, weak, or focal staining in poorly differentiated PAC and in patients with prior hormonal and/or radiation therapy. The purpose of this study is to characterize the cytopathology of metastatic PAC as it has not been documented in large series.