Strabismus in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Risk Factors and the Effect of Macular Ectopia.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine factors associated with strabismus in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the relationship between strabismus and macular ectopia.

Materials And Methods: Patients with ROP were divided into three groups: Group 1, patients with spontaneous regression (n=45); Group 2, patients who received laser treatment (n=70); and Group 3, patients who underwent surgical treatment (n=91). Rates of anisometropia, amblyopia, nystagmus, macular ectopia, and retinal pathologies were evaluated and their impacts on strabismus development were determined.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of retinoblastoma patients in a single center with four novel variants.

Aim: To assess the clinical and genetic characteristics of children diagnosed with retinoblastoma (RB) at Gazi University Faculty of Medicine's Department of Pediatric Oncology.

Methods: All cases diagnosed with RB and received treatment and follow-up in the Ophthalmology and Pediatric Oncology Department, October 2016 to May 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. The gene was analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique in DNAs obtained from peripheral blood samples of the patients.

Peripheral and central retinal vascular changes in asymptomatic family members of patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the peripheral vascular changes and effects of these on macular microvasculature in asymptomatic family members of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study including 61 eyes of asymptomatic family members of FEVR patients. Retinal abnormalities were assessed via ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Severe anterior persistent fetal vasculature: the role of anterior retinal elongation on prognosis.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate surgical outcomes of eyes with severe anterior persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) and the role of associated anatomical anomalies on prognosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective, comparative case series of 32 eyes of 31 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery for severe anterior PFV, defined as fibrovascular tissue totally covering the back of cataractous lens. Based on the degree of anterior retinal elongations, cases were classified as follows: group 1, eyes with well-developed pars plana and minor/no abnormalities (n = 11, 34%); group 2, eyes with partially developed pars plana and broad-based elongations (n = 9, 28%); and group 3, eyes with no visible pars plana and fibrovascular membrane having 360° continuity with peripheral retina (n = 12, 38%).

Cyclopentolate eye drops-induced anaphylaxis in an infant.

Background: Cyclopentolate is frequently used as a mydriatic agent during ophthalmological examinations in childhood and hypersensitivity reactions associated with this drug are rare. We aim to report an infant who experienced anaphylaxis due to cyclopentolate eye drops.

Case: A nine-month-old girl, who was being followed up with a diagnosis of retinoblastoma, presented for consultation for urticaria, cough, stridor, and dyspnea that developed after the administration of topical cyclopentolate to the eyes.

LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF ANTI-VEGF MONOTHERAPY FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY ON THE RETINAL AND REFRACTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF EYE.

Purpose: To evaluate vascular maturation of retina, axial, refractive, and foveal development after anti-VEGF treatment including bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept in infants with treatment requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in long term.

Methods: This retrospective chart review study included children with a history of any anti-VEGF monotherapy for ROP in Zone 1 or posterior Zone 2 who have reached at least 24 months of corrected age. The records of ophthalmologic examination including strabismus evaluation, visual acuity measurement, refractive and axial measurements, optical coherence tomography, and fundus fluorescein angiography examinations with RetCam III were reviewed.

Surgical outcomes of posterior persistent fetal vasculature syndrome: cases with tent-shaped and closed funnel-shaped retinal detachment.

Background/objectives: To determine the role of vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) for two different forms of posterior persistent fetal vasculature syndrome (PFVS); with tent-shaped tractional retinal detachment (TRD) and closed funnel-shaped TRD.

Subjects/methods: Retrospective, single surgeon, consecutive case series of 52 eyes of 44 patients with posterior PFVS who underwent VRS. Cases were divided into "tent-shaped TRD" and "funnel-shaped TRD" groups based on the preoperative TRD configuration.

Pseudo-hyaloidal Stalk in Anterior Persistent Fetal Vasculature: A Report of Two Cases.

Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) syndrome is characterized by abnormal regression of the fetal hyaloid system and may occur in various forms. In this report, two atypical cases associated with posterior capsular defect and ectopic lens material located along Cloquet's canal are discussed. Ultrasonography of these patients presenting with bilateral total cataracts revealed a hyaloidal stalk extending from the optic nerve head to the retrolental area.

Immediate Sequential Bilateral Vitrectomy Surgery for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Single Surgeon Experience.

Objectives: We report the safety and efficacy of simultaneous bilateral vitrectomy for stage 4 and stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Materials And Methods: Babies who had immediate sequential bilateral vitrectomy surgery for stage 4 or stage 5 ROP were included in this retrospective study. Clinical history, demographic characteristics of the patients, surgical procedure details, perioperative and postoperative ophthalmic and systemic complications, and postoperative anatomical success rates were evaluated.

Comparison of the effects of operating microscopes with light emitting diode and halogen light source on the eye: a rabbit study.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential toxicity of operation microscopes with halogen and light emitting diode (LED) light source on the rabbit eyes.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two eyes of 16 male New Zealand pigmented rabbits were involved in the study. The rabbits were divided into two groups according to the type of light source applied.

Adjuvant therapy of histopathological risk factors of retinoblastoma in Europe: A survey by the European Retinoblastoma Group (EURbG).

Introduction: Advanced intraocular retinoblastoma can be cured by enucleation, but spread of retinoblastoma cells beyond the natural limits of the eye is related to a high mortality. Adjuvant therapy after enucleation has been shown to prevent metastasis in children with risk factors for extraocular retinoblastoma. However, histological criteria and adjuvant treatment regimens vary and there is no unifying consensus on the optimal choice of treatment.

External Drainage Alone Versus External Drainage With Vitrectomy in Advanced Coats Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of transscleral drainage of subretinal fluid (TDSRF) with and without pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), which are performed as an adjunct to ablative therapies in advanced Coats disease.

Design: Retrospective, comparative case series.

Patient Population: A total of 31 eyes from 31 consecutive patients with advanced Coats disease at an average age of 47.

Rose Bengal-Mediated Photodynamic Antimicrobial Treatment of Keratitis.

: To evaluate the in vivo efficacy of rose bengal (RB)-mediated photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (PDAT) for treatment of keratitis (AK). : An animal (rabbit) AK model was successfully achieved via intrastromal inoculation of a suspension of cells and trophozoites. Prior to RB-PDAT (pre-treatment, day-5), the severity of the induced corneal infection was graded numerically for epithelial defects, stromal edema, neovascularity, and stromal opacity/infiltration.

Real-life comparison of the viewing angle and the image quality of two commonly used viewing systems for vitreoretinal surgery.

Background/aim: To compare the clinical use, image quality and viewing angle of a commonly used contact wide angle viewing (WAV) system (Advanced Visual Instruments (AVI) Panoramic Imaging Systems, NY, USA) with a commonly used noncontact WAV system (Leica RUV800, Leica Microsystems, Switzerland).

Materials And Methods: Images of 42 consecutively operated eyes were obtained with both systems at the same surgical stages and were compared for image quality using the Imatest Master 4.5.

The Effect of Sildenafil on Selenite-Induced Cataract in Rats.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of sildenafil on an experimental sodium selenite-induced cataract model in rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six young Wistar rats were separated into four groups. On postpartum day 10, six rats received only selenite (group 1, selenite-induced cataract), seven rats received selenite and high dose oral sildenafil (group 2, high-dose sildenafil-treated), seven rats received selenite and low dose oral sildenafil (group 3, low-dose sildenafil-treated), and six rats received only saline (group 4, controls).

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment secondary to isolated retinal metastasis from small cell lung carcinoma: An uncommon complication.

Purpose: To report a case of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with isolated retinal metastasis from lung carcinoma.

Methods: Multimodal imaging, including wide-field retinal imaging, ultrasonic imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Results: Systemic chemotherapy and cranial prophylactic radiotherapy resulted in shrinkage of these lesions and retinal breaks making them much smaller and preventing progression of retinal detachment transiently.

Optic nerve ultrasonography in monitoring treatment efficacy in pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose: Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) with ocular ultrasonography (USG) is a noninvasive technique that can be readily used to determine clues of increased intracranial pressure. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of optic nerve sheath diameter measurements in the diagnosis and follow-up of pediatric patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods: Eight patients with a diagnosis of IIH with a median age of 11.

Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in the Treatment of Non-infectious Uveitis.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term results of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX) for noninfectious uveitis.

Materials And Methods: The study included 62 eyes of 44 patients treated with DEX implant due to noninfectious uveitis and followed up for at least a year. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness, intraocular pressure (IOP), vitreous haze score, indications, immunomodulatory therapy and steroid usage before/after injection, number of injections, and adverse events were analyzed retrospectively.

Elevated serum ferritin level with cataract of spectacular morphology: Hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome.

Hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome, characterized by high serum ferritin concentration and cataracts in early life, remains a less-known rare disease, with fewer than 100 families reported worldwide. Though benign, high ferritin levels frequently result in misdiagnosis with iron storage disease, and patients can be exposed to unnecessary, even invasive, evaluation and treatment procedures. The presence of cataract together with isolated serum ferritin elevation should alert clinicians to consider this syndrome.

Results of surgery for late sequelae of cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To report anatomical and functional results of vitreoretinal surgery in our case series of late cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) patients with subtotal retinal detachment.

Methods: This is a retrospective, consecutive case series. Eleven eyes of 10 patients presented with partial tractional retinal detachment secondary to late cicatricial ROP (cicatricial stage 4B) who underwent vitreoretinal surgery were retrospectively reviewed.

Anterior elongation of the retina in persistent fetal vasculature: emphasis on retinal complications.

Purpose: To identify the characteristics of peripheral retinal anomalies associated with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) and evaluate the complications and outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective, noncomparative case series of patients with PFV who underwent surgery. Type of PFV, presence of peripheral retinal anomalies, extent of the retrolental membrane, complications, and functional and anatomical results were evaluated.

Parameters affecting postoperative success of surgery for stage 4A/4B ROP.

Purpose: To describe the long-term anatomical and functional results of surgery for retinal detachment (RD) associated with stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and patient and surgery-related factors affecting postoperative success.

Design: Retrospective case series at a single tertiary referral paediatric vitreoretinal practice.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-one eyes of 82 infants (40 female/42 male) who underwent lens-sparing vitrectomy (LSV) or lensectomy with vitrectomy surgery for stage 4A and 4B ROP at Gazi University Department of Ophthalmology between 2011 and 2016 were enrolled in this study.