Anticancer Effect of Theranekron on Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Cells.

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant health problem in men worldwide. Although there are numerous treatment choices for PCa, acquired resistance limits treatment success. Therefore, there is a need for new approaches as powerful resources for use in alternative or supportive therapeutic strategies for anticancer therapeutics.

New mode of action of curcumin on prostate cancer cells: Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation mechanism and estrogenic signaling.

Prostate cancer is leading to cancer-related mortality in numerous men each year worldwide. While there are several treatment options, acquired drug resistance mostly limits the success of treatments. Therefore, there is a need for the development of innovative treatments.

HERPUD1, a Member of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Quality Control Mechanism, may be a Good Target for Suppressing Tumorigenesis in Breast Cancer Cells.

Objectives: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer type and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein quality control mechanism for the survival of many cancers. It has also been recommended as a good target for the treatment of many cancer types.

Dexpanthenol protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury by restoring aquaporin-2 levels via regulation of the silent information regulator 1 signaling pathway.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious pathology that causes dysfunction in concentrating urine due to kidney damage, resulting in blood pressure dysregulation and increased levels of toxic metabolites. Dexpanthenol (DEX), a pantothenic acid analog, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties in various tissues. This study investigated the protective effects of DEX against systemic inflammation-induced AKI.

Potent carotenoid astaxanthin expands the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin in human prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common type of cancer and the sixth cause of death in men worldwide. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy are commonly used in treating PCa, but understanding the crosstalk mechanisms of carcinogenesis and new therapeutic approaches is essential for supporting poor diagnosis and existing therapies. Astaxanthin (ASX) is a member of the xanthophyll family that is an oxygenated derivative of carotenoids whose synthesis is in plant extracts from lycopene.

Dexamethasone-stimulated glucocorticoid receptor signaling positively regulates the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common types of primary liver cancer in adults and also it is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although there are various treatment options such as surgery, radiation, targeted drug therapy, immunotherapy and chemotherapy, most hepatocellular carcinomas are highly resistant to systemic treatments. Today, the molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma remains largely obscure.

Circadian Oscillation Pattern of Endoplasmic Reticulum Quality Control (ERQC) Components in Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293 Cells.

The circadian clock regulates the "push-pull" of the molecular signaling mechanisms that arrange the rhythmic organization of the physiology to maintain cellular homeostasis. In mammals, molecular clock genes tightly arrange cellular rhythmicity. It has been shown that this circadian clock optimizes various biological processes, including the cell cycle and autophagy.

Estrogens drive the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and promote proto-oncogene c-Myc expression in prostate cancer cells by androgen receptor/estrogen receptor signaling.

The tumorigenic properties of prostate cancer are regulated by advanced hormonal regulation-mediated complex molecular signals. Therefore, characterizing the regulation of these signal transduction systems is crucial for understanding prostate cancer biology. Recent studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein quality control mechanisms, including ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling contribute to prostate carcinogenesis and to the development of drug resistance.

1,25(OH) D induced vitamin D receptor signaling negatively regulates endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and androgen receptor signaling in human prostate cancer cells.

Steroid hormone signaling is critical in the tumor progression and the regulation of physiological mechanisms such as endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and unfolded protein response (UPR) in prostate cancer. 1,25(OH) D is an active metabolite of vitamin D classified as a steroid hormone. It exhibits anti-tumor effects, including angiogenesis and suppression of cell cycle progression.

Progesterone regulates the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and Unfolded Protein Response axis by mimicking the androgenic stimulation in prostate cancer cells.

Background: Today, androgen receptor (AR)-mediated signaling mechanisms in prostate cancer are intensively studied. However, the roles of other steroid hormones in prostate cancer and their effects on androgenic signaling still remain a mystery. Recent studies focused on the androgen-mediated regulation of protein quality control mechanisms such as endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and unfolded protein response (UPR) in prostate cancer cells.

Erlotinib-Modified BODIPY Photosensitizers for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative, non-invasive and highly selective therapeutic modality for tumours and non-malignant diseases. BODIPY based molecules can function as new generation photosensitizers (PSs) in various PDT applications. Despite numerous conjugated PS systems are available, BODIPYs containing erlotinib lagged behind other photosensitizer units.

Behavioral and Cognitive Consequences of Obesity in Parents and Offspring in Female and Male Rats: Implications of Neuroinflammation and Neuromodulation.

Obesity is a rapidly growing public health concern that can create a family-wise burden. This study was aimed to investigate behavioral, cognitive, neuroinflammatory, and neuromodulatory consequences of the diet and parental obesity. Female and male Wistar albino rats were fed on either an obesogenic or standard diet for 12 weeks, beginning with weaning.

Irbesartan decreased mitochondrial stress related apoptosis in cisplatin induced acute kidney injury via regulating BCL-2/BAX signaling.

Background: Cisplatin (CPN) is used in the treatment of various cancers. However, the especially nephrotoxic effect is limiting its use. We aimed to evaluate the renoprotective effects of Irbesartan (IBN) on CPN-induced acute kidney injury via mitochondrial stress related apoptosis.

Assessment of the Effect of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Choroidal Thickness Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Objectives: This study was a comparison of the thickness of the choroid in pediatric patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy pediatric controls.

Methods: This study was comparative, cross-sectional, and observational in design. The healthy controls were age- and sex-matched with the members of the ADHD group and had no history of psychosis.

Assessment of the lamina cribrosa in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT) and lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) in adolescence with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and compare with those receiving methylphenidate (MPH) and healthy controls.

Methods: Fifty-five children with ADHD (9.23 ± 1.

A study on Wistar Albino rats: investigating protective role of ramelteon on liver damage caused by methotrexate.

Methotrexate is an important immunosuppressive and antineoplastic drug and is widely used for treatment. However, hepatotoxicity is one of the major adverse effects of methotrexate. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether ramelteon has a possible protective effect on hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate.

C1 Inhibitor Administration Reduces Local Inflammation and Capillary Leakage, Without Affecting Long-term Wound Healing Parameters, in a Pig Burn Wound Model.

Background: Burns induce a boost in local and systemic complement levels as well as immune cell infiltration in the burn wound, which may negatively affect wound healing.

Objective: In this study, the effects of long-term treatment with complement inhibitor C1 esterase inhibitor (C1inh) on post-burn inflammation and wound healing parameters were analyzed in time up to 60 days post-burn.

Methods: Burned pigs were treated either with or without C1inh up to 15 days post-burn.

Anticonvulsive and behavior modulating effects of sophoretin and rutoside.

Introduction: Seizures are the hallmarks of most types of epilepsies. Behavioral and cognitive impairments coincide with interictal periods even though it is not clear whether these impairments spring out of the seizure itself or accompanying sociopsychological burden of the disease.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we investigated behavioral and cognitive consequences of a single GABA receptor-related seizure in mice, and examined the potential anticonvulsive and behavior-modulating properties of sophoretin (quercetin) and rutoside (rutin).

Detrimental effects of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds on learning and memory in aluminum chloride‑induced experimental Alzheimer's disease.

Polyphenols and omega‑3 fatty acids are thought to have beneficial effects in Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia. Seeds of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) are highly rich in these nutrients, and thus, the present study investigated the effects of chia seeds on behavior and cognition in an aluminum‑induced Alzheimer's disease model in rats.

Investigation of Therapeutic Effects of Erdosteine on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Rat Model.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a serious endocrine disorder. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of erdosteine in letrozole-induced PCOS in rats.

Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino female rats were grouped as control group (C), PCOS group (PCOS), PCOS-metformin group (PCOS+MET), and PCOS-erdosteine group (PCOS+Erd).

Evaluation of the lamina cribrosa in patients with diabetes mellitus using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To compare the lamina cribrosa thickness and anterior lamina cribrosa depth between patients with and without diabetes mellitus and to investigate the effect of metabolic control and duration of diabetes mellitus on lamina cribrosa thickness and anterior lamina cribrosa depth using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Methods: A total of 70 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and were divided into the diabetes and control groups. Intraocular pressure, circumpapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness, anterior lamina cribrosa depth and lamina cribrosa thickness were compared between the groups.

Lecture attendance improves success in medical physiology.

The educators have underlined the importance of lecture attendance for decades. Nowadays, students have ample online educational sources, which began a debate on the necessity of in-class lectures. In the present study, we investigated the influence of lecture attendance on the exam success.

Metabolic Effects of Antidepressant Treatment.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate body measurements, glucose-insulin metabolism, and lipid profile in patients with anxiety and depressive symptoms and also the effects of antidepressant drugs on these metabolic parameters.

Methods: The study included 40 outpatients and 32 healthy controls. The patients received antidepressant treatment (sertraline, escitalopram, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine) for 8 weeks.

Transdermal Spirit (Methanol) Poisoning: A Case Report.

Introduction: Methanol is a highly toxic substance and methanol poisoning results in severe health situations. Methanol poisoning occurs when it is consumed by various methods such as orally, by inhalation, and transdermally. Transdermal poisoning is rarely seen and causes severe health complications.