Molecular Docking, Bioinformatic Analysis, and Experimental Verification for the Effect of Naringin on ADHD: Possible Inhibition of GSK-3β and HSP90.

One of the most abundant and growing neurodevelopmental disorders in recent decades is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Many trials have been performed on using drugs for the improvement of ADHD signs. This study aimed to detect the possible interaction of naringin with Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its putative anti-inflammatory and protective effects in the mouse ADHD model based on bioinformatic, behavioral, and molecular investigations.

Formulation and characterization of cholesterol-based nanoparticles of gabapentin protecting from retinal injury.

Introduction: This study aimed to prepare cholesterol and stearic acid-based solid lipid nanoparticles of gabapentin (GAB-SLNs) for protection against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced retinal injury in rats.

Methods: We prepared four preparations of GAB-SLNs using a hot high-shear homogenization ultrasonication process, and the best formulation was selected and tested for biological activity. The retinal injury was brought in male adult albino rats while gabapentin doses continued for 6 weeks.

Computational Analysis and Experimental Data Exploring the Role of Hesperetin in Ameliorating ADHD and SIRT1/Nrf2/Keap1/OH-1 Signaling.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifests as poor attention, hyperactivity, as well as impulsive behaviors. Hesperetin (HSP) is a citrus flavanone with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study aimed to test hesperetin efficacy in alleviating experimental ADHD in mice and its influence on hippocampal neuron integrity and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling.

Computational and Experimental Approaches Exploring the Role of Hesperetin in Improving Autophagy in Rat Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a debilitating diabetic disorder of the retinal microvasculature and the main cause of avoidable blindness in old people. Hesperetin is a plant flavanone largely abundant in citrus species with neuroprotective properties in animal models. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective and autophagy-enhancing effect of hesperetin in rats with DR.

Marula oil nanoemulsion improves motor function in experimental parkinsonism mitigation of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurologic condition exhibiting motor dysfunction that affects old people. Marula oil (M-Oil) has been used longley in cosmetics and curing skin disorders. M-Oil is particularly stable due to its high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids and natural antioxidants.

Antitumor activity and targeting p53-PUMA mRNA expression by 5-flurouracil PLGA-lipid polymeric nanoparticles in mouse mammary carcinomas: comparison to free 5-flurouracil.

Polymeric poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PNPs)-based therapy are powerful carriers for various therapeutic agents. This study was conducted to evaluate the chemotherapeutic potential of free 5-flurouracil (5FU) and synthetized 5FU-PNPs and impact on p53-dependent apoptosis in mammary carcinomas (MCs) grown in mice. Breast cancer cells were injected in Swiss albino female mice and 2 bilateral masses of MC were confirmed after one week.

Optimization of a Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Diode Array Ultraviolet Detection Method for Monitoring of Different Antibiotic Class Residues in Water Samples.

Background: The increased use of cephalosporin antibiotics in the last few years as well as the detection of their residues in wastewater treatment plants and hospital wastewater poses a risk for infiltration of their residues into environmental water samples.

Objective: A simplified, sensitive, and convenient solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure coupled with either HPLC or fast HPLC methods with diode array detection was developed and validated to screen the residues of six different cephalosporin antibiotics: cefoperazone, cefipime, ceftazedime, ceftriaxone, cefdinir, and cefotaxime, along with amoxicillin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin in water samples.

Methods: An HPLC-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method and a fast HPLC method, based on a core-shell stationary phase, were developed for the fast screening of the antibiotic compounds.

Design and Optimization of Omeprazole-Curcumin-Loaded Hydrogel Beads Coated with Chitosan for Treating Peptic Ulcers.

This study aimed to formulate a pharmaceutical dosage form containing omeprazole (OMP) and curcumin (CURC) to treat experimental peptic ulcers. OMP and CURC were preliminarily complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin for enhancing their solubilization. After that, the combined complex (CURC/OMP) was loaded to alginate beads to sustain their release and then coated with chitosan.

Development of Novel pH-Sensitive Eudragit Coated Beads Containing Curcumin-Mesalamine Combination for Colon-Specific Drug Delivery.

This research aims to develop a drug delivery system that effectively treats colitis while administering curcumin/mesalamine by coating alginate/chitosan beads with Eudragit® S-100 to target the colon. Beads were tested to determine their physicochemical characteristics. Coating with Eudragit® S-100 prevents drug release at a pH of less than 7; this was demonstrated by in-vitro release conducted in a medium with gradually varying pH to mimic circumstances in various regions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Formulation and Evaluation of Novel Additive-Free Spray-Dried Triamcinolone Acetonide Microspheres for Pulmonary Delivery: A Pharmacokinetic Study.

This work aimed to establish a simple method to produce additive-free triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) microspheres suitable for pulmonary delivery, and therefore more simple manufacturing steps will be warranted. The spray-drying process involved the optimization of the TAA feed ratio in a concentration range of 1-3% / from different ethanol/water compositions with/without adding ammonium bicarbonate as a blowing agent. Characterization of the formulas was performed via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffraction.

Formulation and Characterization of O/W Nanoemulsions of Hemp Seed Oil for Protection from Steatohepatitis: Analysis of Hepatic Free Fatty Acids and Oxidation Markers.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common type of metabolic liver disease which is characterized by fatty changes associated with hepatocyte injury, lobular inflammation, and/or liver fibrosis. Nanoemulsions are kinetically stable colloidal systems characterized by small droplet size. Hemp seed oil is a natural oil derived from Cannabis sativa seeds.

A nanocomposite of silica coated magnetite nanoparticles and aniline-anthranilic acid co-polymeric nanorods with improved stability and selectivity for fluoroquinolones dispersive micro solid phase extraction.

Adsorbents composed of polyaniline nanostructures or their derivatives immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles had gained increasing interest for application in dispersive micro-solid phase extraction. However, reproducible binding between polymeric PANI nanopaterials and magnetic nanomaterials are still a challenging task. Furthermore, other challenges are the enhancement of physical and chemical stability of adsorbent magnetic nanoparticles as well as improvement of polymeric PANI nanoparticles selectivity towards target analytes.

Celastrol and thymoquinone alleviate aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity: Behavioral psychomotor performance, neurotransmitter level, oxidative-inflammatory markers, and BDNF expression in rat brain.

Exposure to aluminum chloride (AlCl) induces progressive multiregional neurodegeneration in animal models by promoting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. The current study was designed to assess the potential efficacy of the natural antioxidants celastrol and thymoquinone (TQ) for alleviating AlCl-induced psychomotor abnormalities and oxidative-inflammatory burden in male albino rats. Four treatment groups were compared: (i) a vehicle control group, (ii) a AlCL group receiving daily intraperitoneal (i.

Tolerance intervals modeling for design space of a salt assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of trimethoprim and six common sulfonamide antibiotics in environmental water samples.

Sulfonamides and trimethoprim combinations have been used extensively as antimicrobial agents for prevention and treatment of human and animal infections. Although many microextraction methods were developed for monitoring their residues in environmental water, none of these methods applied liquid-liquid microextraction for this purpose. This work presents for the first time a simultaneous Salt Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction SALLME coupled with HPLC-UV for determination of trimethoprim and six common sulfonamide residues (sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfadmidine, sulfamethoxazole sulfadoxine and sulfaquinoxaline) in water samples.

Development of a fast high performance liquid chromatographic screening system for eight antidiabetic drugs by an improved methodology of in-silico robustness simulation.

Robustness of RP-HPLC methods is a crucial method quality attribute which has gained an increasing interest throughout the efforts to apply quality by design concepts in analytical methodology. Improvement to design space modeling approaches to represent method robustness was the goal of many previous works. Modeling of design spaces regarding to method robustness fulfils quality by design essence of ensuring method validity throughout the design space.

Three-dimensional desirability spaces for quality-by-design-based HPLC development.

In this study, three-dimensional desirability spaces were introduced as a graphical representation method of design space. This was illustrated in the context of application of quality-by-design concepts on development of a stability indicating gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of vinpocetine and α-tocopheryl acetate in a capsule dosage form. A mechanistic retention model to optimize gradient time, initial organic solvent concentration and ternary solvent ratio was constructed for each compound from six experimental runs.