Perceived Effectiveness and Utilization of Health Promotion Initiatives in Saudi Arabia: Insights and Recommendations.

Numerous national programs have been launched to enhance public health in Saudi Arabia, primarily aiming to promote healthy lifestyles through regular physical activity and a balanced diet. However, there is a lack of studies assessing the effectiveness and utilization of these initiatives. This study aimed to evaluate the perceived effectiveness and utilization of health promotion initiatives and identify the associated factors.

Viscoelastic Hemostatic Testing as a Diagnostic Tool for Hypercoagulability in Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review.

Liver transplantation is a complex surgical procedure in which various forms of coagulation dysfunction can occur, including perioperative hypercoagulability. The hemostasis balance in liver graft recipients with end-stage liver disease can shift to thrombosis or haemorrhage, depending on the associated risk factors and clinical conditions. Hypercoagulability can result in serious complications such as thromboembolism, which can affect the vessels of the newly transplanted liver graft.

Vitamin D3 and zinc supplements augment the antimanic efficacy of lithium and olanzapine treatments in an animal model of mania.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a challenging psychiatric disorder and a complex disease. The associated reduction in serum vitamin D (VitD) levels in BD patients and the contribution of zinc (Zn) to the treatment, along with the severe side effects of lithium (Li) treatment, were encouraging to assess the efficacy of different correlated combinations of therapeutic/nutraceutical treatments such as olanzapine (Oln), VitD and Zn against Li. Mania was induced in C57BL/6 mice by administering methylphenidate (MPH) for 14 consecutive days.

Recent analytical methodologies for the determination of anti-covid-19 drug therapies in various matrices: a critical review.

Since the discovery of the first case infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Wuhan, China in December 2019, it has turned into a global pandemic. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) statistics, about 603.7 million confirmed coronavirus cases and 6.

Relation between macrophage inflammatory protein-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and computed tomography findings in critically-ill saudi covid-19 patients.

Background: Several, clinical and biochemical factors were suggested as risk factors for more severe forms of Covid-19. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α, CCL3) is a chemokine mainly involved in cell adhesion and migration. Intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is an inducible cell adhesion molecule involved in multiple immune processes.

Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome: Spectrum in Oman.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, a hemorrhagic diathesis secondary to storage pool-deficient platelets, and in some patients' pulmonary fibrosis, granulomatous colitis, and immunodeficiency. To date, 11 different types of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome were identified. HPS type 2 is distinctively characterized by severe neutropenia and recurrent sinopulmonary infections.

Outcome of Viral-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis at a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Little is known about viral-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in Oman. This study was done to assess the epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of viral-associated HLH in our setting.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed children (0-18 years) managed for viral-associated HLH at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman, over a 15-year period (2006-2020).

Manifestations of renal system involvement in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Although COVID-19 is an acute disease that usually resolves rapidly in most cases, the disease can be fatal and has a mortality rate of about 1% to 56%. Alveolar injury and respiratory failure are the main causes of death in patients with COVID 19. In addition, the effect of the disease on other organs is not fully understood.

Postpartum infection, pain and experiences with care among women treated for postpartum hemorrhage in three African countries: A cohort study of women managed with and without condom-catheter uterine balloon tamponade.

Objective: We aimed to determine the risk of postpartum infection and increased pain associated with use of condom-catheter uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) among women diagnosed with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in three low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We also sought women's opinions on their overall experience of PPH care.

Methods: This prospective cohort study compared women diagnosed with PPH who received and did not receive UBT (UBT group and no-UBT group, respectively) at 18 secondary level hospitals in Uganda, Egypt, and Senegal that participated in a stepped wedge, cluster-randomized trial assessing UBT introduction.

Probing the chemoprevention potential of the antidepressant fluoxetine combined with epigallocatechin gallate or kaempferol in rats with induced early stage colon carcinogenesis.

The enhanced chemopreventive action against 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced preneoplastic lesion in rats could be achieved via simultaneous administration of the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) with two natural polyphenolic compounds viz., kaempferol (KMP) and/or epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG). The obtained results revealed that single FLX pre-treatment possess a significant apoptotic effect by increasing the activity of serum and colon tissue caspase 3.

Outcome of Early Hemostatic Intervention in Children With Sepsis and Nonovert Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Admitted to PICU: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Evaluation of the outcome of early hemostatic management of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in patients with severe sepsis/septic shock admitted to PICU, before the development of clinically overt disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.

Design: Prospective interventional, open label randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting: PICU at Alexandria University Children's Hospital.

Thermo-alkali-stable lipase from a novel : statistical optimization, enzyme purification, immobilization and its application in biodiesel production.

The influences of nutritional components affecting lipase production from the new using wheat bran as substrate were studied by employing Plackett-Burman and central composite statistical designs. Out of the 11 medium components tested, sucrose, KHPO and MgSO at final concentrations of 3.0, 1.

A cluster-randomized, non-inferiority trial comparing use of misoprostol for universal prophylaxis vs. secondary prevention of postpartum hemorrhage among community level births in Egypt.

Background: Previous community-based research shows that secondary prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) with misoprostol only given to women with above-average measured blood loss produces similar clinical outcomes compared to routine administration of misoprostol for prevention of PPH. Given the difficulty of routinely measuring blood loss for all deliveries, more operational models of secondary prevention are needed.

Methods: This cluster-randomized, non-inferiority trial included women giving birth with nurse-midwives at home or in Primary Health Units (PHUs) in rural Egypt.

Childbirth care in Egypt: a repeat cross-sectional analysis using Demographic and Health Surveys between 1995 and 2014 examining use of care, provider mix and immediate postpartum care content.

Background: Egypt has achieved important reductions in maternal and neonatal mortality and experienced increases in the proportion of births attended by skilled professionals. However, substandard care has been highlighted as one of the avoidable causes behind persisting maternal deaths. This paper describes changes over time in the use of childbirth care in Egypt, focusing on location and sector of provision (public versus private) and the content of immediate postpartum care.

Medical and non-medical reasons for cesarean section delivery in Egypt: a hospital-based retrospective study.

Background: Caesarean section (CS) is an important lifesaving intervention that can reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality. The dramatic increase in CS rates globally has prompted concerns that the procedure may be overused or used for inappropriate indications. In Egypt, CS rates are alarmingly high, accounting for 52% of all deliveries.

In- vitro evaluation of the bioactivity and the biocompatibility of a novel coated UHMWPE biomaterial for biomedical applications.

Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is the gold standard biomaterial used as a bearing surface in total joint replacement surgeries. However, osteolysis and subsequent implant failure as a result of the production of wear debris may occur at the contacting surfaces. One potential solution to overcome this problem is to strengthen the surface of UHMWPE which can be achieved by adding a thin coating layer made of Polyamide.

The expression of microRNA 146a in patients with ischemic stroke: an observational study.

Aim: We conducted the present prospective study to assess the level of microRNA (miRNA) 146a in patients with ischemic stroke and its correlation with patients' characteristics.

Methods: We conducted an observational study that included adult patients (≥18 years old) who presented within 24 hrs after the onset of the symptoms of acute ischemic stroke. In addition, age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included as control group.

The effectiveness and safety of introducing condom-catheter uterine balloon tamponade for postpartum haemorrhage at secondary level hospitals in Uganda, Egypt and Senegal: a stepped wedge, cluster-randomised trial.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of introducing condom-catheter uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) management in low- and middle-income settings.

Design: Stepped wedge, cluster-randomised trial.

Setting: Eighteen secondary-level hospitals in Uganda, Egypt and Senegal.

Temporal and regional variations in use, equity and quality of antenatal care in Egypt: a repeat cross-sectional analysis using Demographic and Health Surveys.

Background: Egypt has seen substantial decreases in maternal mortality and reached near universal coverage for antenatal care (ANC). The objective of this paper is to describe the changes over time (1991-2014) in the use of ANC in Egypt, focusing on sector of provision (public versus private), and the content and equity of this care, to inform future policies for improving maternal and newborn health.

Methods: We used Demographic and Health surveys (DHS) conducted in Egypt in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2008 and 2014 to explore national and regional trends in ANC.

Chemopreventive effect of sulindac in combination with epigallocatechin gallate or kaempferol against 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats: A Comparative Study.

A systematic investigation of the chemopreventive effect of sulindac (SL) in combination with either epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) or kaempferol similar (KMP) has been carried out 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-treated rats (DMH). Those SL combinations with KMP and EGCG have enhanced the SL activity producing greater antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferating, and apoptotic activities in both combinations than SL alone. The chemopreventive effects of SL with both EGCG and KMP were demonstrated by a decrease in thiobaribituric acid reactive substances level, tissue nitric oxide (NO), serum, and tissue β-catenin as well as a reduction in the multiplicity of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) with alleviation in the dysplastic changes that resulted from DMH administration.

Heavy Metals Biosorption from Aqueous Solution by Endophytic of L. Derived from Heavy Metals Habitats.

The ability of dead cells of endophytic of L. grown in heavy metals habitats for bioremoval of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) in aqueous solution was evaluated under different conditions. Whereas the highest extent of Cd and Cu removal and uptake occurred at pH 8 as well as Pb occurred at neutral pH (6-7) after equilibrium time 10 min.

Comparative Assessment of Preoperative versus Postoperative Dexamethasone on Postoperative Complications following Lower Third Molar Surgical Extraction.

. To evaluate the effect of preoperative versus postoperative administration of oral Dexamethasone on postoperative complications including pain, edema, and trismus following lower third molar surgery. .

Anti-diabetic and renoprotective effects of aliskiren in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in female rats.

Since chronic kidney disease due to diabetic nephropathy (DN) is becoming an ever larger health burden worldwide, more effective therapies are desperately needed. In the present study, the anti-diabetic and renoprotective effects of aliskiren have been evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN in rats. DN was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg).

Enzymatic synthesis using immobilized Enterococcus faecalis Esawy dextransucrase and some applied studies.

Dextrans enzymatic synthesis by immobilized Enterococcus faecalis Esawy dextransucrase was studied. Different parameters, such as: enzyme protein concentration (EPC), substrate concentration (SC), temperature and reaction time were evaluated. EPC played a fundamental role in controlling dextran molecular size with 0.