Enhancement of skin tumor laser hyperthermia with Ytterbium nanoparticles: numerical simulation.

Laser hyperthermia therapy (HT) has emerged as a well-established method for treating cancer, yet it poses unique challenges in comprehending heat transfer dynamics within both healthy and cancerous tissues due to their intricate nature. This study investigates laser HT therapy as a promising avenue for addressing skin cancer. Employing two distinct near-infrared (NIR) laser beams at 980 nm, we analyze temperature variations within tumors, employing Pennes' bioheat transfer equation as our fundamental investigative framework.

Modeling optical fluence and diffuse reflectance distribution in normal and cancerous breast tissues exposed to planar and Gaussian NIR beam shapes using Monte Carlo simulation.

Precise knowledge about light propagation in biological tissues is necessary for accurate diagnostics and effective therapies utilizing optical technologies. In the current paper, the Monte Carlo simulation is applied to study light dispersion in normal and cancerous breast after irradiating to different laser beam shapes. Two distinct laser wavelengths (800-1100 nm) with planar and Gaussian shapes were employed.

A retrospective evaluation of side-effects associated with the booster dose of Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine among females in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.

Backgrounds: The development of several types of vaccines to avert COVID-19 has taken place. Despite several reports of undesirable reactions noted post-COVID-19 vaccine administration, later remains one of the best prevention and management tools in fighting the spread of the virus and its variants and reducing the harshness of this viral attack. The purpose of the current paper was to explore the side-effects experienced by the females in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia directly after receiving the booster dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine.

Awareness, knowledge, attitude, perception, and utilization of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) in the common population of Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)/natural products/herbs are frequently used for therapeutic purposes as a homemade remedy in Saudi Arabia. The use of CAMs is rising globally. However, special attention or precaution should be paid when using CAMs along with other drugs.

Evaluation of Prevalence of Side-Effects Associated with Booster Dose of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the mild and moderate side-effects experienced by the healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia after receiving the booster dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods: We directed a descriptive cross-sectional study among adults living in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. A survey link was distributed through WhatsApp, SMS, or e-mail to HCWs.

Development and Validation of Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Caffeine in Non-Alcoholic Soft and Energy Drinks.

Background: The popularity of beverages such as cold coffee, iced tea, and energy drinks has risen tremendously among athletes and youths. Energy drinks are used to enhance performance due to the presence of a high amount of caffeine (CFN) and sugars, as well as other constituents such as vitamins, amino acids, taurine, extracts of Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, guarana, and other herbal products. Commercial drinks are promoted as being beneficial to health; thus it is an important concern regarding adverse effects linked with these drinks or products.

Cross Sectional Online Survey to Determine the Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Smoking Tobacco Among Students of Medical Science College in Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to examine the prevalence of tobacco smoking among students' of different departments of private medical science college at Dammam, as well as to assess students' attitude, practice, knowledge, and awareness towards smoking and its harmful effects.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences (MACHS) in February 2020. Data were obtained through adopted pretested validated questionnaire based on the Global Adult Tobacco Survey.

Knowledge, Practice and Attitudes Toward Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting Process Among Health Care Providers in Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Pharmacovigilance is the science that plays an essential role in the reduction of ADRs which helps in predicting unwanted effects of drugs in community. Studying adverse drug reaction is an important arm of patient care. It aims at making the safe use of medicines for the treatment or prevention of disease.

Murine neutralizing antibody response and toxicity to synthetic peptides derived from E1 and E2 proteins of hepatitis C virus.

Introduction: The highest estimated prevalence of HCV infection has been reported in Egypt, nearly 12% mostly type 4. Currently, a commercial vaccine to protect this high risk population as well as global HCV infected patients is not available.

Objectives: In the present study, we aim at: (1) examining the viral binding capacities of purified monospecific polyclonal murine antibodies raised against genetically conserved viral protein sequences, i.

Conserved peptides within the E2 region of Hepatitis C virus induce humoral and cellular responses in goats.

The reason(s) why human antibodies raised against hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 epitopes do not offer protection against multiple viral infections may be related to either genetic variations among viral strains particularly within the hypervariable region-1 (HVR-1), low titers of anti E2 antibodies or interference of non neutralizing antibodies with the function of neutralizing antibodies. This study was designed to assess the immunogenic properties of genetically conserved peptides derived from the C-terminal region of HVR-1 as potential therapeutic and/or prophylactic vaccines against HCV infection. Goats immunized with E2-conserved synthetic peptides termed p36 (a.

Chemiluminescence assay of promethazine hydrochloride using acidic permanganate employing flow injection mode operated with syringe and peristaltic pumps.

For the first time, promethazine hydrochloride chemiluminescence emission was monitored. The paper describes a new, specific and highly sensitive flow injection (FI) method for the determination of promethazine hydrochloride using both a peristaltic and a syringe pump. The method was based on the chemiluminescence emission intensity produced as a result of its oxidation reaction with permanganate in sulfuric acid medium.