Profiling of cellular immune responses to Mycoplasma pulmonis infection in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice.

Mycoplasma infections cause respiratory tract damages and atypical pneumonia, resulting in serious problems in humans and animals worldwide. It is well known that laboratory inbred mouse strains show various susceptibility to Mycoplasma pulmonis (M. pulmonis) infection, which causes murine respiratory mycoplasmosis.

Analysis for genetic loci controlling protoscolex development in the Echinococcus multilocularis infection using congenic mice.

The resistance/susceptibility to Echinococcus multilocularis infection in mice is genetically controlled. However, genetic factors responsible for these differences remain unknown. Our previous study in genetic linkage analysis has revealed that there is a significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) for the establishment of cyst (Emcys1), and a highly significant QTL for the development of protoscolex of E.

Functional analysis of duck, goose, and ostrich 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase.

Up-to-date the flavivirus infection in avian taxa is not clearly defined. Several reports have demonstrated that many viruses belonging to Flaviviridae may cause diseases in poultry species; however, the susceptibility of other avian species is variable and still unclear. In human and mice, the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) proteins are associated with resistance to the flavivirus infection as well as other virus infections.

Verification of genetic loci responsible for the resistance/susceptibility to the Sendai virus infection using congenic mice.

Sendai virus (SeV) is one of the most important pathogens in the specific-pathogen free rodents. It is known that there are some inbred mouse strains susceptible or resistant to SeV infection. The C57BL/6 (B6) and DBA/2 (D2) mice are representative of the resistant and susceptible strains, respectively.

Analysis of the Relationship Between Enzymatic and Antiviral Activities of the Chicken Oligoadenylate Synthetase-Like.

The oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) is well known as an antiviral factor against the flavivirus infection in mammals. It is known that the oligoadenylate synthetase-like (ChOAS-L) gene is only present in the chicken genome. It has been shown in the previous report that the ChOAS-L possesses enzymatic activity to convert ATP into 2'-5'-linked oligoadenylates and antiviral activity against West Nile virus (WNV) replicon.

The role of mouse 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 paralogs.

The interferon-induced oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family is one of the most important immune response proteins to the viral infection. The OAS protein binds dsRNA and is activated to produce 2',5'-oligoadenylates, which lead to the activation of latent form of RNase L, resulting in degradation of cellular and viral RNA and inhibition of viral replication. In mice, the Oas gene family locates on chromosome 5.

The chicken 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase A inhibits the replication of West Nile virus.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a pathogen to cause West Nile encephalitis when the infection occurs in the brain. Previous studies in mice identified the 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase 1b (Oas1b) gene as a determining factor for resistance to WNV infection. In addition, it has been suggested that human OAS1 and OASL are associated with the resistance to the WNV infection.