Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of psychometric properties of foot function index in Urdu-speaking population with ankle and foot disorders.

Background: Foot and ankle problems are frequently prevalent, especially among the elderly, ranging from 70 to 80%. In primary care, foot, and ankle complaints stand out as one of the most frequent reasons for orthopedic consultations. Patient-reported outcome measures are significant in the assessment burden of any condition on the effects of intervention as well as research.

Controlled-Release Nitrogen Mixed with Common Nitrogen Fertilizer Can Maintain High Yield of Rapeseed and Improve Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency.

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different proportions of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer mixed with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of direct-seeding rapeseed. Using a conventional nitrogen application rate of 180 kg ha as a control, a total of 5 types of available nitrogen fertilizers and different proportions of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers were mixed for fertilizer treatment. The proportion of available nitrogen fertilizer used was 135 kg ha, and the addition ratios of the five types of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers were 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%, respectively (i.

Novel SrO-Containing Glass-Ceramic Sealants for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC): Their Design and Characterization under Relevant Conditions.

This study presents results on the development of strontium oxide (SrO) containing glass sealants used to join Crofer22APU to yttria-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ), in which the main glass components, that is, silicon oxide (SiO), strontium oxide (SrO), calcium oxide (CaO) and aluminum oxide (AlO), have been varied appropriately. Certain properties, such as the crystallization behavior, the coefficient of thermal expansion, adhesion, and reactivity of the sealants in contact with Crofer22APU, have been reviewed and discussed. The optimized glass composition (with CTE in the 9.

Structural Model for Transient Pt Oxidation during Fuel Cell Start-up Using Electrochemical X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

Potential spikes during the start-up and shutdown of fuel cells are a major cause of platinum electrocatalyst degradation, which limits the lifetime of the device. The electrochemical oxidation of platinum (Pt) that occurs on the cathode during the potential spikes plays a key role in this degradation process. However, the composition of the oxide species formed as well as their role in catalyst dissolution remains unclear.

Accelerating Ice Loss From Peripheral Glaciers in North Greenland.

In recent decades, Greenland's peripheral glaciers have experienced large-scale mass loss, resulting in a substantial contribution to sea level rise. While their total area of Greenland ice cover is relatively small (4%), their mass loss is disproportionally large compared to the Greenland ice sheet. Satellite altimetry from Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) and ICESat-2 shows that mass loss from Greenland's peripheral glaciers increased from 27.

Facile synthesis, spectroscopic evaluation and antimicrobial screening of metal endowed triazole compounds.

The scientific interest in developing new complexes as inhibitors of bacterial biofilm related infections is constantly rising. The present work describes the chemical synthesis, structural and biological scrutiny of a triazole Schiff base ligand and its corresponding complexes. Triazole Schiff base, (2-methoxy-4-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylimino)methyl]phenol) was synthesized from the condensation reaction of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde in an equimolar ratio.

Synthesis of mesoporous carbon spheres via a soft-template route for catalyst supports in PEMFC cathodes.

Synthesis of carbon spheres via a soft-template route should be further improved for industrial applications especially in terms of time, cost and scalability. The present work reports on the relatively fast production of mesoporous carbon via an ammonia-catalyzed hydrothermal soft-template one-pot route denoted as C with m-aminophenol as the carbon source and triblock copolymer Pluronic® F127 as the template. For comparison, an acidic route with resol as the carbon precursor (C) was evaluated as well.

Rock glacier inventory, permafrost probability distribution modeling and associated hazards in the Hunza River Basin, Western Karakoram, Pakistan.

The destabilization of rock glaciers and permafrost variations is of great importance to the safety of the population and infrastructure in the Karakoram region because of their effects on land stability and river obstructions. In this study, we compiled the first complete rock glacier inventory for the Hunza Basin, western Karakoram, of 616 rock glaciers with an area of 194 km between 2800 and 5700 m a.s.

Selective Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Extracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes by Molecularly-Imprinted Graphitic Carbon Nitride.

There is a growing need to mitigate the discharge of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from municipal wastewater treatment systems. Here, molecularly-imprinted graphitic carbon nitride (MIP-CN) nanosheets were synthesized for selective photocatalytic degradation of a plasmid-encoded ARG (, coding for multidrug resistance New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1) in secondary effluent. Molecular imprinting with guanine enhanced ARG adsorption, which improved the utilization of photogenerated oxidizing species to degrade rather than being scavenged by background nontarget constituents.

Discerning the inefficacy of hydroxyl radicals during perfluorooctanoic acid degradation.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a recalcitrant contaminant of emerging concern, and there is growing interest in advanced oxidation processes to degrade it. However, there is ambiguity in the literature about the efficacy of hydroxyl radicals (OH) for degrading PFOA. Here, we resolve this controversy by comparing PFOA degradation by UV photolysis (254 nm, 6 × 10 E/L.

Uremic Pruritus: Prevalence and Impact on Quality of Life and Depressive Symptoms in Hemodialysis Patients.

Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a major public health problem with many associated symptoms. Uremic pruritus (UP) develops in 40% of patients on hemodialysis and has major effects on the patient's life. It is also an independent risk factor for increased mortality, and its psychiatric implications remain poorly characterized in our local setup, where it tends to be underdiagnosed and undertreated.

Association of Physical Activity and Sleep Quality with Academic Performance Among Fourth-year MBBS Students of Rawalpindi Medical University.

Background Medical students face greater academic stress and devote more time to their studies due to the tough nature of medical education, at the cost of sleep and physical activity. Good sleep quality and physical activity improve the mental ability and academic performance of the students. Objectives and rationale The study aims to assess sleep quality and physical activity levels among fourth-year MBBS students of Rawalpindi Medical University.

Shear Performance at Room and High Temperatures of Glass⁻Ceramic Sealants for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Technology.

To provide a reliable integration of components within a solid oxide electrolysis cell stack, it is fundamental to evaluate the mechanical properties of the glass⁻ceramic sealing materials, as well as the stability of the metal⁻glass⁻ceramic interface. In this work, the mechanical behavior of two previously developed glass⁻ceramic sealants joined to Crofer22APU steel is investigated at room temperature, 650 °C, and 850 °C under shear load. The mechanical properties of both the glass⁻ceramics showed temperature dependence.

Increased trend of unnecessary use of radiological diagnostic modalities in Pakistan: radiologists perspective.

Background: Over the past few years, a significant overuse of radiological investigations influenced the quality and cost of healthcare of the country as it may lead to non-compliance of the patient due to non-affordability and also may harm the patient in terms of radiation hazards. Pakistan, being a low-income, resource-constraint country, is facing financial impact on families as well as health system due to multiple reasons.

Objectives: The purpose of study is to identify reasons of unnecessary use of radiological diagnostic modalities in Pakistani hospitals as perceived by radiologists.

Easily Recoverable, Micrometer-Sized TiO Hierarchical Spheres Decorated with Cyclodextrin for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Micropollutants.

Micrometer-sized titanium dioxide hierarchical spheres (TiO-HS) were assembled from nanosheets to address two common limitations of photocatalytic water treatment: (1) inefficiency associated with scavenging of oxidation capacity by nontarget water constituents and (2) energy-intensive separation and recovery of the photocatalyst slurry. These micrometer-sized spheres are amenable to low-energy separation, and over 99% were recaptured from both batch and continuous flow reactors using microfiltration. Using nanosheets as building blocks resulted in a large specific surface area-3 times larger than that of commercially available TiO powder (Evonik P25).

Porous Electrospun Fibers Embedding TiO for Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Water Pollutants.

Using a bipolymer system consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), P25-TiO was immobilized into thin film mats of porous electrospun fibers. Pores were introduced by dissolving sacrificial PVP to increase surface area and enhance access to TiO. The highest photocatalytic activity was achieved using a PVDF:PVP weight ratio of 2:1.