Selective Determination of Trinitrotoluene Based on Energy Transfer between Carbon Dots and Gold Nanoparticles.

A fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system between carbon dots (C-dots) and amine-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was developed for the selective determination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). C-dots have an intrinsic florescence emission depending on their exciting wavelength. In the presence of AuNPs, C-dots adsorb on the Au surfaces, and NPs treat as energy acceptor, which can receive light emitted by C-dots, leading to decrease the fluorescence intensity of C-dots.

Polyglycerol-grafted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: highly efficient MRI contrast agent for liver and kidney imaging and potential scaffold for cellular and molecular imaging.

Polyglycerol as a water-soluble and biocompatible hyperbranched polymer was covalently grafted on the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. With this aim, superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation in aqueous media, then the surface of nanoparticles was modified to introduce the reactive groups on the surface of nanoparticles. After that, polyglycerol was grafted on the surface of nanoparticles by ring-opening anionic polymerization of glycidol using n-bulyllithium as initiator.

Magnetoliposomes as multimodal contrast agents for molecular imaging and cancer nanotheragnostics.

In the emerging field of molecular and cellular imaging, flexible strategies to synthesize multimodal contrast agents with targeting ligands are required. Liposomes have the ability to combine with a large variety of nanomaterials, including superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, to form magnetoliposomes (MLs). MLs can be used as highly efficient MRI contrast agents.

Superparamagnetic nanosystems based on iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical imaging.

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and their dispersion in various mediums are of wide interest for their biomedical applications and physicochemical properties. MFe(2)O(4) or MOFe(2)O(3) (where M = Co, Li, Ni or Mn, for example) can be molecularly engineered to provide a wide range of magnetic properties. In this article, we survey the literature, integrating the results of our work to give a rational view on the synthesis, physicochemical properties and applications of MFe(2)O(4), especially for MRI.

The number of cores positive for high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia on initial biopsy is associated with prostate cancer on second biopsy.

Purpose: We evaluated the association between the number of biopsy cores revealing high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer in an era of extended biopsy protocol.

Materials And Methods: From December 2004 to September 2007 patients referred to our clinic with a prostate specific antigen of 4 ng/ml or greater or an abnormal digital rectal examination were scheduled for transrectal ultrasound prostatic biopsy with a 12-core template. In patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia we proposed a second prostate specific antigen evaluation and a new 12-core biopsy after 6 months independent of prostate specific antigen.