Microbial aspects and potential markers for differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis among adult patients.

Objectives: Meningitis is a medical emergency with permanent disabilities and high mortality worldwide. We aimed to determine causative microorganisms and potential markers for differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis.

Methodology: Adult patients with acute meningitis were subjected to lumber puncture.

Simple and efficient spectroscopic-based univariate sequential methods for simultaneous quantitative analysis of vandetanib, dasatinib, and sorafenib in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.

Six sequential spectrophotometric-based univariate methods were developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of three novel anticancer drugs vandetanib (VAN), dasatinib (DAS), and sorafenib (SOR) in a mixture, without the requirement for separation. These methods are novel, simple, precise, and accurate. Different steps including zero crossing, ratio-based, and/or derivative spectra were utilized to develop these analytical methods, namely, ratio difference spectrophotometric method, constant center method, successive derivative ratio method, isoabsorptive method, mean centering of the ratio spectra method, and derivative ratio spectrum-zero crossing method.

Experimental Methods to Study the Pathogenesis of Human Enteric RNA Viruses.

Every year, millions of children are infected with viruses that target the gastrointestinal tract, causing acute gastroenteritis and diarrheal illness. Indeed, approximately 700 million episodes of diarrhea occur in children under five annually, with RNA viruses norovirus, rotavirus, and astrovirus serving as major causative pathogens. Numerous methodological advancements in recent years, including the establishment of novel cultivation systems using enteroids as well as the development of murine and other animal models of infection, have helped provide insight into many features of viral pathogenesis.

Role of some serum biomarkers in the early detection of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Aim: To assess the role of serum biomarkers in early prediction of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Materials And Methods: The participants were three groups of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients having diastolic dysfunction (DM-DD), systolic dysfunction (DM-SD) and normal echocardiography (DM-N) with two control groups: non-DM diastolic dysfunction patients (DD) and healthy controls. AGEs, TNF-α, IL-6, IGFBP-7, creatinine and insulin were assessed.

Process analysis of pluripotent stem cell differentiation to megakaryocytes to make platelets applying European GMP.

Quality, traceability and reproducibility are crucial factors in the reliable manufacture of cellular therapeutics, as part of the overall framework of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). As more and more cellular therapeutics progress towards the clinic and research protocols are adapted to comply with GMP standards, guidelines for safe and efficient adaptation have become increasingly relevant. In this paper, we describe the process analysis of megakaryocyte manufacture from induced pluripotent stem cells with a view to manufacturing in vitro platelets to European GMP for transfusion.

B-Scan Biometry and Color Doppler Ultrasound Imaging of the Eye in Clinically Normal Donkeys (Equus asinus): Effect of Laterality, Maturity and Gender.

Despite the extensive research on ocular ultrasonography, there is paucity of information regarding ocular biometry and color Doppler imaging of the donkey's eye. This study establishes B-scan ocular biometry and color Doppler ultrasonographic reference values in normal donkeys and describes effect of laterality, maturity and gender on ocular biometry and vasculature. Forty (80 eyes) clinically normal immature and mature donkeys of both sexes were included.

Higher CD19+CD25 Bregs are independently associated with better graft function in renal transplant recipients.

Background: The Identification of B cell subsets with regulatory functions might open the way to new therapeutic strategies in the field of transplantation, which aim to reduce the dose of immunosuppressive drugs and prolong the graft survival. CD25 was proposed as a marker of a B-cell subset with an immunosuppressive action termed Bregs. The effect of CD19 + CD25 + Bregs on graft function in renal transplant recipients has not yet been elucidated.

Predicting recovery after lumbar spinal stenosis surgery: A protocol for a historical cohort study using data from the Canadian Spine Outcomes Research Network (CSORN).

: Symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (SLSS) is a condition in which narrowing of the spinal canal results in entrapment and compression of neurovascular structures. Decompressive surgery, with or without spinal fusion, is recommended for those with severe symptoms for whom conservative management has failed. However, significant persistent pain, functional limitations, and narcotic use can affect up to one third of patients postsurgery.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life and anxiety in pediatric hematology/oncology patients.

Since the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the strain on healthcare services affected patients suffering from various comorbidities and added to the psychological burden. The study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and anxiety levels of pediatric Hematology/Oncology patients during the COVID19 pandemic and evaluate the association between anxiety levels and physical, emotional, and social aspects of HRQoL. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 292 children between 2.

Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Egyptian patients over the country and compare the findings to large cohorts worldwide. Objectives were extended to focus on the age at onset and gender driven influence on the disease characteristics.

Patients And Method: This population-based, multicenter, cross-sectional study included 3661 adult SLE patients from Egyptian rheumatology departments across the nation.

Lignite, thermally-modified and Ca/Mg-modified lignite for phosphate remediation.

Aqueous phosphate uptake is needed to reduce global eutrophication. Negatively charged adsorbent surfaces usually give poor phosphate sorption. Chemically- and thermally-modified lignite (CTL) was prepared by impregnating low-cost lignite (RL) with Ca and Mg cations, basified with KOH (pH ̴ 13.

Clinical characteristics of Egyptian male patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and in severe cases associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with ARDS-COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: This study involved 197 male Egyptian participants, among them111 COVID-19 patients presented with ARDS, 60 COVID-19 patients presented with non-ARDS, and 26 Non-COVID-19 patients.

Pre-micro RNA polymorphism detection in small versus large vessel disease in stroke Egyptian patients.

Stroke is the main cause of adult disability and is responsible for around 11% of deaths all over the world. Ischemic stroke encompasses about 80-85% of total stroke cases. Several studies have shown the relation between microRNAs polymorphism and ischemic stroke.

The prevalence of celiac disease in Saudi patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease that is highly associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The reported prevalence of CD in patients with T1DM in Saudi Arabia varies and the number of studies is limited.

Objectives: Determine the prevalence of CD diagnosed with anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies or by endoscopic biopsy in adolescents and adults with T1DM.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure in Egypt: an underestimated complication of liver cirrhosis.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe liver cirrhosis complication with high mortality rates. Despite that chronic liver diseases are prevalent in Egypt, there is no available data about patients with ACLF. We aimed to evaluate the pattern of ACLF in Egypt.

Norovirus evolution in immunodeficient mice reveals potentiated pathogenicity via a single nucleotide change in the viral capsid.

Interferons (IFNs) are key controllers of viral replication, with intact IFN responses suppressing virus growth and spread. Using the murine norovirus (MNoV) system, we show that IFNs exert selective pressure to limit the pathogenic evolutionary potential of this enteric virus. In animals lacking type I IFN signaling, the nonlethal MNoV strain CR6 rapidly acquired enhanced virulence via conversion of a single nucleotide.

Murine astrovirus tropism for goblet cells and enterocytes facilitates an IFN-λ response in vivo and in enteroid cultures.

Although they globally cause viral gastroenteritis in children, astroviruses are understudied due to the lack of well-defined animal models. While murine astroviruses (muAstVs) chronically infect immunodeficient mice, a culture system and understanding of their pathogenesis is lacking. Here, we describe a platform to cultivate muAstV using air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures derived from mouse enteroids, which support apical infection and release.

Normative vocal acoustic parameters for preschool and elementary school Egyptian children.

Background: A reliable acoustic analysis necessitates the availability of standard normative values at different ages. Normative values of vocal acoustic parameters are readily available for the adult population but not much data are available for the pediatric population.

Objectives: Providing a database for the normative vocal acoustic parameters in preschool and elementary school Egyptian children to lay out an objective model for the diagnosis and optimal treatment of childhood voice disorders.

Impact of multiple waves of COVID-19 on healthcare networks in the United States.

The risk of overwhelming hospitals from multiple waves of COVID-19 is yet to be quantified. Here, we investigate the impact of different scenarios of releasing strong measures implemented around the U.S.

Detoxification gene expression, genotoxicity, and hepatorenal damage induced by subacute exposure to the new pyrethroid, imiprothrin, in rats.

The pyrethroid imiprothrin is widely used worldwide for control of insects in the agriculture and public health sectors. No sufficient information is however available concerning detoxification gene expression, i.e.

Orchestrating performance of healthcare networks subjected to the compound events of natural disasters and pandemic.

The current COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the vulnerability of healthcare systems worldwide. When combined with natural disasters, pandemics can further strain an already exhausted healthcare system. To date, frameworks for quantifying the collective effect of the two events on hospitals are nonexistent.

Serum level of interleukin-15 in active alopecia areata patients and its relation to age, sex, and disease severity.

Introduction: Autoimmune mechanisms with evident genetic background are the main components of alopecia areata (AA) pathogenesis. Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is considered as an important signalling cytokine. Its disordered expression has been linked to inflammatory autoimmune disorders.

Role of resolvin D1 in psoriasis before and after narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy: A case-control study.

Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is an endogenous lipid mediator that originated from docosahexaenoic acid that stimulates a bimodal mechanism in the anti-inflammatory activity in addition to regulation of the inflammatory reaction. The study aimed at assessing the tissue level of RvD1 in psoriasis to study its role in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis, studying the action of NB-UVB on the level of resolvin D1 in psoriasis, and raising the possibility of using resolvin D1 as a new therapy for psoriasis in the future. This case-control study included 20 psoriasis patients and 20 healthy controls.

Long-term outcomes of warfarin versus aspirin after Fontan surgery.

Objectives: Because of the nature of the Fontan physiology, patients are at an increased risk of thromboembolic complications. As such, warfarin or aspirin is generally prescribed lifelong for thromboprophylaxis. This study aimed to compare long-term rates of cerebrovascular injury, thrombosis, bleeding, bone mineral density, and quality of life in people living with Fontan circulation receiving warfarin compared with aspirin.

IP-10 Levels in Patients Infected with HBV Predicts The Response to Treatment with Entecavir.

Interferon--inducible protein-10 (IP-10), is an inflammatory cytokine produced by different subsets of the immune cells and induces chemotaxis, apoptosis, growth of cells and angiostasis after binding to its receptor CXCR3. Inflammatory disorders, involving infectious diseases, immune dysfunction, and tumour growth have been linked to changes in CXCL10 levels. We aimed to investigate serum levels of IP-10 in chronic HBV infected patients undergoing treatment with entecavir and possible correlation with response to therapy.