Post-synthetic modification of nano-chitosan using gibberellic acid: Foliar application on sorghum under salt stress conditions and estimation of biochemical parameters.

The challenge of desert farming with a high salt level has become an ecological task due to salt stress negatively affecting plant growth and reproduction. The current study deals with the cultivation of sorghum under salt stress conditions to counteract the effect of chitosan and gibberellic acid (GA). Here, the effects of chitosan, GA and nano-composite (GA@chitosan) on biochemical contents, growth and seed yield of sorghum under salinity stress conditions were studied.

The hepato- and neuroprotective effect of gold Casuarina equisetifolia bark nano-extract against Chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in rats.

Background: The bark of Casuarina equisetifolia contains several active phytoconstituents that are suitable for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). These nanoparticles were subsequently evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing the toxicity induced by Chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats.

Results: Various hematological and biochemical measurements were conducted in this study.

Selective separation of chlorophyll-a using recyclable hybrids based on Zn-MOF@cellulosic fibers.

Chlorophyll-a as pigments, exist in the green organelles for plants that act in photosynthesis. Different studies were considered with demonstration of an effective separation technique of Chlorophyll-a without decomposition; however, the reported methods were disadvantageous with expensiveness and low quantum yield. The current work uniquely represents an investigative method for the separation of Chlorophyll-a from spinach extract using cellulosic hybrids based on ZIF-8 @cellulosic fibers (Zn-zeolitic imidazolate frameworks@cellulosic fibers) as a cost effective and recyclable absorbents.

Efficient phenolic compounds adsorption by immobilization of copper-based metal-organic framework anchored polyacrylonitrile/chitosan beads.

The application of newly formulated beads from copper-benzenetricarboxylate (Cu-BTC), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and chitosan (C), Cu-BTC@C-PAN, C-PAN, and PAN, for the removal of phenolic chemicals from water, is described in the current paper. Phenolic compounds (4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP)) were adsorbed using beads and the adsorption optimization looked at the effects of several experimental factors. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to explain the adsorption isotherms in the system.

Endocrine-Disrupting Organochlorine Pesticides in Human Breast Milk: Changes during Lactation.

The aim of the present study was to assess infant safety associated with the occurrence of endocrine-disrupting organochlorine pesticides (OCP) in breast milk. Moreover, the association between pregnant mothers' dietary habits and these compounds levels in breast milk was investigated. Breast milk was collected at various stages of lactation.

Tracking residual organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in green, herbal, and black tea leaves and infusions of commercially available tea products marketed in Poland.

The content of residual organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) was examined in green, herbal, and black tea leaves as well as in their infusions prepared from tea products marketed in the main supermarkets in Poland. It was found that the detected mean levels of organochlorine residues in tea leaves ranged from View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Separation of bioactive chamazulene from chamomile extract using metal-organic framework.

Isolation of bioactive compounds from extracts of pharmaceutical plant is very important. In this work, copper benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate metal organic framework (Cu-BTC MOF) has been synthesized. It is used in separating of chamazulene from chamomile extract.

Fate of 14C-ethion insecticide in the presence of deltamethrin and dimilin pesticides in cotton seeds and oils, removal of ethion residues in oils, and bioavailability of its bound residues to experimental animals.

Ethyl-1-(14)C-ethion and some of its degradation products have been prepared for comparison purposes. Cotton plants were treated with (14)C-ethion alone and in the presence of deltamethrin and dimilin pesticides under conditions simulating local agricultural practice. (14)C-Residues in seeds were determined at harvest time; about 47.

Assessment of health risk from organochlorine pesticides residues in high-fat spreadable foods produced in Poland.

Currently, butter and margarine are food products attracting wide customer interest. Every day, consumers around the world buy these products for human consumption. Butter is obtained from milk fat, while margarine is derived from vegetable oils.

Performance of a portable biosensor for the analysis of ethion residues.

Sensitive disposable potentiometric sensors for determination of the organophosphorus pesticide (OPs), ethion and its degradation residues have been constructed. The fabricated screen printed sensors are based on multi-walled carbon nanotube-polyvinyl chloride (MWNT-PVC) composite incorporated with α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) ionophore for butyrylcholine (BuCh) determination. Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity was measured through monitoring the BuCh hydrolysis using the fabricated sensors.

Distribution, fate and histopathological effects of ethion insecticide on selected organs of the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.

This study aims to investigate the fate and histopathological effects of ethion on selected organs of the crayfish, Procamabrus clarkii. Crayfish were exposed to 1 mg l(-1) (14)C-ethion and the concentrations of ethion and its possible degradation products were measured in water and different organs of the crayfish over both the exposure and recovery periods. Chromatographic analysis revealed that ethion was degraded into ethion monooxon, ethion dioxon, O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate, O-ethyl phosphorothioate and one unknown compound.

Comparison of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls residues in vegetables, grain and soil from organic and conventional farming in Poland.

Organic and conventional crops were studied by identifying the relationship between persistent organic pollutants in cereals, vegetables and soil. The residues of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in grains (rye and wheat), vegetables (carrots and beets) and soil collected from the fields. PCB residues recorded in the beets from organic farming were as high as 3.

Bioavailability and toxicological potential of sunflower-bound residues of (14)C-chlorpyrifos insecticide in rats.

Sunflower plants were treated with (14)C-chlorpyrifos under conditions simulating local agricultural practice. Residues present in the oil, methanol extract and cake of the treated sunflower seeds were 7.2, 2.

Synthesis and antiviral activity of new indole-based heterocycles.

New 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazine and 1,3-thiazole derivatives incorporating indole nucleus were prepared using 3-acetylindole as precursor and evaluated for their antiviral activity against herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1).

Fate of 14C-ethyl prothiofos insecticide in canola seeds and oils.

Canola plants were treated with (14)C- prohiofos under conditions simulating local agricultural practices. (14)C-residues in seeds were determined at different time intervals. At harvest time about 32 % of (14)C-activity was associated with oil.

Synthesis, anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory activities of some new benzofuran-based heterocycles.

Treatment of 2-bromoacetylbenzofuran (2) with pyridine afforded its corresponding pyridinium bromide 3. The latter salt reacted with some activated alkenes and acetylenes to give the corresponding indolizine derivatives. Treatment of the salt 3 with benzylidenemalononitriles 9 afforded polysubstituted aniline derivatives, however with arylidenecyanothioacetamides 15 it gave the corresponding 4,5-dihydrothiophenes.

Synthesis, anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of some new benzotriazole and benzofuran-based heterocycles.

Treatment of 2-bromoacetylbenzofuran with 1H-benzotriazole afforded 1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-(benzotriazol-1-yl)ethanone which reacted with phenylisothiocyanate to give the corresponding thioacetanilide derivatives. Treatment of the latter ethanone and thioacetanilide derivatives with hydrazonoyl chlorides afforded the corresponding pyrazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. The thioacetanilide derivative reacted with alpha-haloketones and alpha-halodiketones to afford thiophene and thiazole derivatives, respectively.