Student advanced trauma management and skills (SATMAS): a validation study.

Introduction: Despite trauma accounting 9% of global mortality, it has been demonstrated that undergraduate trauma teaching is inadequate nationally and worldwide. With COVID-19 exacerbating this situation, a scalable, accessible, and cost-effective undergraduate trauma teaching is required.

Methods: Our Continual Professional Development United Kingdom (CPUDK)-accredited University Hospitals Birmingham (UHB) Major Trauma Service (MTS) affiliated programme consisted of seven biweekly pre-recorded sessions that were delivered online through the Moodle educational platform to University of Birmingham students.

National evaluation of trauma teaching for students (NETTS).

Despite the shift towards consultant-led care, many patients with trauma are still seen by junior doctors. Previous research has demonstrated that junior doctors feel unprepared to work in acute care but there is a paucity of recent research in trauma specifically. Thus, a national study is required to investigate the current state of undergraduate trauma teaching and identify specific areas for improvement.

F1-taught orthopaedic teaching programme for students (FOTS).

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted students learning, with the time off resulting in students 'de-skilling', increasing concerns for upcoming observed structured clinical examinations. Foundation Year 1 (F1) doctors (F1s), despite being expected to teach, rarely receive formal preparation, with COVID-19 exacerbating opportunities to practice. As such, a national orthopaedic teaching programme was designed to provide F1s with opportunities to develop their teaching skills and to synergistically teach medical students how to perform clinical orthopaedic examinations.

Clinical Outcome of Coccygectomy Using a Paramedian Curvilinear Skin Incision in Adults and Children With Meta-Analysis of the Literature Focusing on Postoperative Wound Infection.

Study Design: A single surgeon case series and of literature.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome and patient satisfaction following coccygectomy for coccygodynia in adults and children using a curvilinear paramedian skin incision and to conduct a meta-analysis of the literature to determine the associated infection rate with different surgical factors.

Methods: 45 consecutive patients (40 adults and 5 children) underwent surgical coccygectomy for persistent coccygodynia symptoms using a paramedian curvilinear incision.

The role of acetic acid in orthopaedic surgery.

Acetic acid has become more commonly used in orthopaedic surgery. The purposed roles include biofilm eradication and surgical debridement, postoperative scar reduction and managing soft tissue injuries. Current research is scarce and does not provide conclusive evidence behind acetic acid's efficacy in orthopaedic procedures such as biofilm eradication or acetic acid iontophoresis in soft tissue injuries.

The Effects of Voriconazole on Metabolism of All-Trans Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Case Report.

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a derivative of vitamin A and is the mainstay treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Hypercalcemia is a rare yet important side-effect of ATRA, especially when it is used concomitantly with a medication that impedes its metabolism by inhibiting cytochrome P-450 in the liver and thus increasing the duration of exposure to ATRA. Azole antifungal drugs such as voriconazole are frequently used in patients undergoing chemotherapy due to a high incidence of fungal infections.

Clinical Orthopaedic Teaching programme for Students (COTS).

Introduction: There is a huge variation in the depth and breadth of content taught regarding orthopaedic examinations. Undergraduate students are often confused by the variability in examination teaching, therefore increasing concerns for upcoming objectively structured clinical examinations (OSCEs). Doctors, despite being expected to teach, rarely receive formal preparation, with only a handful of institutions providing necessary training.

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the mental health of healthcare workers in a hospital setting-A Systematic Review.

Objectives: The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has subjected healthcare workers (HCWs) to high risk of infection through direct workplace exposure, coupled with increased workload and psychological stress. This review aims to determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mental health outcomes of hospital-based HCWs and formulate recommendations for future action.

Methods: A systematic review was performed between 31st December 2019 and 17th June 2020 through Ovid Medline and Embase databases (PROSPERO ID CRD42020181204).

Clinical Audit Platform for Students (CAPS): a pilot study.

Background: A clinical audit measures specific clinical outcomes or processes against a predefined standard. However, many clinicians are unable to carry out audits given their time constraints. Alternatively, medical students may often wish to complete audits early in their career to strengthen their portfolios.

Visual and Refractive Outcomes of Topography-guided Laser-assisted In Situ Keratomileusis in Virgin Eyes.

Introduction We wanted to assess the efficacy, predictability, and stability of topography-guided, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (TGL) on normal untreated eyes with a preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/20. Methods This was a retrospective, non-randomized, and single arm study evaluating the outcomes of TGL in eyes with a preoperative BCVA of 20/20. We included 50 eyes of 50 patients who presented to the Hashmanis Hospital, Pakistan and were followed for six months postoperatively.

A Pragmatic Evaluation of Symptom Distress After Group Meditation for Cancer Patients and Caregivers: A Preliminary Report.

Context: Complementary health approaches such as meditation may help improve cancer patient and caregiver symptoms, yet little research has examined the clinical application of these programs.

Objectives: We explored the effects of a meditation group class, offered as part of an integrative medicine clinic at a comprehensive cancer center, on patient and caregiver self-reported symptoms.

Methods: Participants (patients and caregivers) of any three meditation group classes offered-Power of Breath (PB), Sacred Sounds (SS), and Movement & Breath (MB)-were asked to complete the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS; scale 0-10, 10 most severe) before and after participation.

Inpatient Acupuncture at a Major Cancer Center.

Background: Use of complementary and integrative therapies is increasing among cancer patients, but data regarding the impact treatments such as acupuncture have in an inpatient oncology setting are limited.

Methods: Patients who received acupuncture in an inpatient hospital environment between December 2014 and December 2015 were asked to complete a modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS; 0-10 scale) before and after each visit. Pre- and post-treatment scores were examined for each symptom using paired t tests.

Quality-adjusted survival following treatment of malignant pleural effusions with indwelling pleural catheters.

Background: Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are a frequent cause of dyspnea in patients with cancer. Although indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) have been used since 1997, there are no studies of quality-adjusted survival following IPC placement.

Methods: With a standardized algorithm, this prospective observational cohort study of patients with MPE treated with IPCs assessed global health-related quality of life using the SF-6D to calculate utilities.

Sarcomeres are added in series to emphysematous rat diaphragm after lung volume reduction surgery.

Study Objectives: The diaphragm adapts to its shortened state in experimental emphysema primarily by losing sarcomeres in series, thus reducing its optimal operating length. One would expect improved diaphragmatic function after lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) only if the muscle can readapt to its elevated, lengthened postoperative position by either adding back sarcomeres or lengthening sarcomeres. We used a model of elastase-induced emphysema in rats to test the hypothesis that sarcomere addition occurs following LVRS.

Lung volume reduction surgery restores the normal diaphragmatic length-tension relationship in emphysematous rats.

Objective: Improved respiratory muscle function is a major effect of a lung volume reduction surgery. We studied length adaptation in rat diaphragmatic muscle in an attempt to elucidate the mechanism by which diaphragmatic function improves after this controversial operation.

Methods: We developed a model of elastase-induced emphysema and bilateral volume reduction through median sternotomy in rats.