The utility of serum leptin and follicular fluid leptin, estradiol, and progesterone levels during an in vitro fertilization cycle.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate serum and follicular fluid leptin, estradiol, and progesterone levels during in vitro fertilization.

Methods: Prospective observational study measuring serum levels at six points during the IVF cycle and follicular fluid at the time of retrieval.

Results: Serum leptin and estradiol levels both significantly increased for the individual patients during the IVF stimulation process.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression predicts recurrence of cervical dysplasia following loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of Cox-2 protein by immunohistochemistry in cervical dysplasias, and to determine any relationship to clinical factors such as degree or recurrence of dysplasia.

Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of p27 and Cox-2 was initially examined in 62 cervical LEEP specimens, which spanned the histologic spectrum from benign to severe dysplasia. Histology and cytology from colposcopic follow-up exams were reviewed for 1 year after LEEP procedure.

Physiologic response and lung distribution of lavage versus bolus Exosurf in piglets with acute lung injury.

Despite evidence of surfactant dysfunction in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), treatment with exogenous surfactant remains experimental. Uneven pulmonary distribution is one factor that may limit response. We investigated whether exogenous surfactant administered by lavage, consisting of a 35 ml/kg volume instilled by gravity and followed immediately by passive drainage (LAVAGE), would result in better lung distribution and physiologic response than with surfactant administered as a 5 ml/kg bolus (BOLUS).

Effect of baseline lung compliance on the subsequent response to positive end-expiratory pressure in ventilated piglets with normal lungs.

Objective: To determine the pulmonary function and hemodynamic effects of incremental positive end-expiratory pressure in two groups of normal ventilated newborn piglets with different baseline dynamic lung compliance.

Design: Prospective, controlled, intervention study.

Setting: Animal laboratory.

Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure versus positive end-expiratory pressure in piglets after saline lung lavage.

Recent reports have suggested that substituting continuous negative extrathoracic pressure (CNEP) for positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may result in clinical benefits to infants with pulmonary disease. Other studies have suggested potential hemodynamic advantages. We compared the effects of CNEP and PEEP in 13 mechanically ventilated newborn piglets after acute lung injury induced by saline lavage.

Comparative effects of Des Leu Angiotensin I and Angiotensin II on AVP secretion from the hypothalamoneurohypophysis and pituitary of the rat.

In the present study we compared the effects of Des Leu Angiotensin I (Des Leu AI) with Angiotensin II (AII) on the secretion of vasopressin (AVP) from the isolated hypothalamoneurohypophyseal system (HNS) and isolated posterior pituitary gland of the rat. Administration of 10(-6)M, 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M Des Leu AI was without significant effect on AVP secretion from the HNS. A similar phenomenon was seen in the posterior pituitary with 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M Des Leu AI, although 10(-4) M significantly increased AVP release.

Effect of inspiratory-phase negative pressure breathing on urine flow in man.

We investigated the effect of negative pressure breathing during the inspiratory phase only (intermittent NPB) in 9 healthy male subjects who were in a sitting position and had no food or fluid intake for 12 h before the study. Intermittent NPB was without effect on urine flow and urinary sodium excretion but caused a significant increase in creatinine clearance. Plasma renin activity was significantly reduced, whereas plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), and aldosterone levels were unaffected.

Hormonal, electrolyte, and renal responses to exercise are intensity dependent.

Previous work indicates that the magnitude and direction of renal responses to exercise depend on the exercise intensity. To examine mechanisms responsible for these findings, renal and hormonal responses were studied in eight healthy male subjects (29.6 +/- 1.

Exaggerated ANF response to exercise in middle-aged vs. young runners.

Hormonal, electrolyte, and renal responses were measured before, during, and after a marathon (42.2 km) in 14 runners: 8 young (Y) (mean age 27.8 yr) and 6 middle aged (MA) (mean aged 46.

Developmental changes in sodium nitroprusside and atrial natriuretic factor mediated relaxation in the guinea pig aorta.

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nonreceptor mediated stimulant of soluble guanylate cyclase, and atrial natriuretic factor, a receptor-dependent stimulator of particulate guanylate cyclase, mediate relaxation responses by increasing intracellular cGMP. This in vitro study was designed to compare the ontogeny of relaxation responses to SNP and atrial natriuretic factor in the guinea pig thoracic aorta. Aortic rings from fetuses at 55-60 d gestation (term = 68 d), 1- to 3-d-old newborn, and 12-wk-old adult Hartley guinea pigs were mounted in an organ bath, bathed in Kreb's solution, and connected to a force-displacement transducer to measure isometric tension.

Hormonal and renal responses to water drinking in moderately trained and untrained humans.

Endurance exercise training alters the regulation of body fluids. To investigate specifics of these alterations, hormonal, electrolyte, and renal responses to water ingestion (1% of lean body wt) were studied in six moderately trained (T) and 6 untrained (UT) male subjects. No differences between groups for base-line hormonal, electrolyte, or renal measurements were found.

Hormonal and vascular fluid responses to maximal exercise in trained and untrained males.

The trained condition is associated with alterations in fluid regulation. In attempt to elucidate mechanisms responsible for these differences, resting, postexercise (maximal treadmill exercise of 8-13 min duration), and recovery measurements were made in seven trained (mean peak O2 consumption was 60.5 +/- 1.

Cytomegalovirus isolations from cell cultures of human adenocarcinomas of the colon.

Cytomegalovirus was isolated from cell cultures derived from 3 of 16 surgical specimens of adenocarcinomas of the colon. Virus identification was accomplished through electron microscopical, cytochemical, and immunofluorescent procedures.

Effect of polycations on the early stages of reovirus infection.

The polycation DEAE-dextran treatment of HeLa cells was found to interfere with the production of reovirus, appearance of viral cytopathology, and the induction of cytotoxicity by UV-irradiated reovirus. The data obtained showed that while the polycation pre-treatment of cells enhanced virus adsorption to cells, its addition early during virus adsorption or 2 h after infection markedly interfered with virus production. The interference was decreasingly effective when the polycation was added during the later stages of the infectious cycle.

The preferential cytotoxicity of reovirus for certain transformed cell lines.

The susceptibility of a variety of cell lines of different mammalian origin to cytotoxic (CT) induction by either ultraviolet light-irradiated reovirus type 2 (UVR2) or viable reovirus type 2 plus the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, was examined. The following groups of cells were found to be susceptible to CT-induction: certain tumor cells and spontaneously transformed cell lines of human origin and certain virally and spontaneously transformed cell lines of murine origin. The following groups of cells were found to be resistant: normal human diploid cell lines, primary and continuous cell cultures of subhuman primates, primary mouse cells, normal rat kidney cells and baby hamster kidney cells.