Novel paired CD13-negative (MT-50.1) and CD13-positive (MT-50.4) HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines with differential regulatory T cell-like activity.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) occurs after human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection with a long latency period exceeding several decades. This implies the presence of immune evasion mechanisms for HTLV-1-infected T cells. Although ATL cells have a CD4CD25 phenotype similar to that of regulatory T cells (Tregs), they do not always possess the immunosuppressive functions of Tregs.

Thyroid hormone may predict treatment failure in Kawasaki disease.

Background: In systemic inflammatory conditions, inflammatory cytokines can cause low thyroid hormone levels. There are no reports discussing the relation between thyroid hormone levels and response to treatment for Kawasaki disease.

Methods: We investigated 67 patients who underwent treatment in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease.

Involvement of cutavirus in a subset of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with an unfavorable outcome.

Background: European studies suggest an association between cutavirus (CuV) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL); however, the worldwide prevalence of CuV in patients with CTCL and its prognostic impact remain unknown.

Methods: We investigated the prevalence and viral loads of CuV DNA using biopsy specimens from the lesional skins of 141 Japanese patients with cutaneous malignancies, including 55 patients with various types of CTCL.

Results: CuV DNA was detected significantly more frequently in biopsies from patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) (38% [13/34]; the most common subtype of CTCL) than in those from patients with other cutaneous malignancies (6% [6/107]; P<0.

Cutavirus on the skin in an Asian cohort: identification of a novel geographically related genotype.

Background: Cutavirus (CuV) is the newest human parvovirus and is currently receiving increasing attention because of its possible association with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Despite the pathogenetic potential of CuV, it has been detected in normal skin; however, little is known about the prevalence, infection levels, and genetic variations of this virus in the skin of the general population.

Methods: We investigated the CuV DNA prevalence and viral loads concerning age, sampling location, and gender using 678 skin swabs collected from the normal-appearing skins of 339 Japanese participants aged 2-99 years.

Kimura disease forming a human polyomavirus 6-negative parotid gland nodule with prominent squamous metaplasia in a young female: A case report.

A case of an asymptomatic 19-year-old woman with Kimura disease presenting with a nodule in the right parotid gland is presented. She had a medical history of atopic dermatitis and noticed a mass on her right-side neck. Cervical lymphadenopathy was clinically diagnosed.

Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus in multiple primary oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Oral microbiome studies have mainly focussed on bacteria, with the relationship between viruses and oral cancers remaining poorly understood. Oral cancers can develop even in the absence of any history of daily smoking or drinking. Oral cancer patients frequently have multiple primary cancers in the oral cavity and other organs, such as the upper gastrointestinal tract.

EBV-positive pyothorax-associated lymphoma expresses CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines that attract cytotoxic lymphocytes via CXCR3.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL-CI) develops in the setting of long-standing inflammation. This type of lymphoma may have specific expression profiles of chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of DLBCL-CI. EBV-positive pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a prototype of DLBCL-CI and represents a valuable model for the study of this disease category.

Transcriptome dynamics of rice in natura: Response of above and below ground organs to microclimate.

The long-term dynamics of the transcriptome under natural field conditions remain unclear. We conducted comprehensive gene expression analyses of rice leaves and roots grown under natural field conditions for a long period, from the tillering stage to the ripening stage. In this experiment, changes in the transcriptome were captured in relation to microclimatic parameters, particularly potential evaporation (Ep), which is a multiple meteorological factor and acts as an indicator of transpirational demand.

[Histiocytosis and virus: Merkel cell polyomavirus].

Histiocytosis is classified based on proliferating histiocyte-like cells. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) has several subtypes with various outcomes, from spontaneous to fatal regression, and these subtypes had been managed as different diseases. However, these different names of disease were unified to one disease named histiocytosis X since they are pathologically identical.

Fillable and unfillable gaps in plant transcriptome under field and controlled environments.

The differences between plants grown in field and in controlled environments have long been recognized. However, few studies have addressed the underlying molecular mechanisms. To evaluate plant responses to fluctuating environments using laboratory equipment, we developed SmartGC, a high-performance growth chamber that reproduces the fluctuating irradiance, temperature and humidity of field environments.

Development of a novel cell line-derived xenograft model of primary herpesvirus 8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma and antitumor activity of birabresib in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Primary human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma is a clinical disease entity distinct from HHV8-positive primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). However, the lack of experimental HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma models continues to hinder the pathophysiologic and therapeutic investigations of this disorder.

Methods: The lymphoma cells were obtained from the pleural effusion of a patient with primary HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma and cultured in vitro.

Prognostic significance of human papillomavirus 16 viral load level in patients with oropharyngeal cancer.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a major determinant for better prognosis. However, there remain HPV-positive patients who have poor outcomes. The stratification strategy for detecting high-risk patients among those with HPV-positive OPSCC has not been well delineated, especially for Asian patients.

Genomic Basis of Transcriptome Dynamics in Rice under Field Conditions.

How genetic variations affect gene expression dynamics of field-grown plants remains unclear. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis is frequently used to find genomic regions underlying gene expression polymorphisms. This approach requires transcriptome data for the complete set of the QTL mapping population under the given conditions.

Selection of transcripts related to low-temperature tolerance using RNA sequencing from F plants between japonica and indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars.

At low temperatures (18°C), seedlings of an indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Kasalath showed symptoms of chlorosis, although the leaves of a japonica cultivar Arroz da Terra remained green. In this study, transcripts related to the chlorophyll content of rice seedlings grown at 18°C were investigated using RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) data for F2 crosses between cultivars Arroz da Terra and Kasalath, as well as their parental cultivars.

Human Polyomavirus 6 Detected in Cases of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis.

Background: Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been associated with several cutaneous inflammatory conditions. More investigation is needed to identify further presentations of cutaneous pathology associated with HPyVs. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of skin-tropic HPyVs with folliculitis, particularly eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF).

Anticipating changes in wildlife habitat induced by private forest owners' adaptation to climate change and carbon policy.

Conserving forests to provide ecosystem services and biodiversity will be a key environmental challenge as society strives to adapt to climate change. The ecosystem services and biodiversity that forests provide will be influenced by the behaviors of numerous individual private landowners as they alter their use of forests in response to climate change and any future carbon pricing policies that emerge. We evaluated the impact of forest landowners' likely adaptation behaviors on potential habitat for 35 terrestrial, forest-dependent vertebrates across three U.

Two ANGUSTIFOLIA genes regulate gametophore and sporophyte development in Physcomitrella patens.

In Arabidopsis thaliana the ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) gene regulates the width of leaves by controlling the diffuse growth of leaf cells in the medio-lateral direction. In the genome of the moss Physcomitrella patens, we found two normal ANs (PpAN1-1 and 1-2). Both PpAN1 genes complemented the A.

Characterisation of a rice vacuolar invertase isoform, OsINV2, for growth and yield-related traits.

OsINV2, a rice vacuolar invertase isoform, was assessed for its functional roles in plant growth and development with key focus on its agronomic traits such as grain weight, grain filling percentage, grain number and dry weights at various stages until harvest. Lack of differences between the wild-type and the mutants with respect to any of the aforementioned traits tested revealed a possibility of functional compensation of OsINV2 in the mutants conceivably by its isoform. This was confirmed by OsINV2 promoter::GUS studies, where its spatial and temporal expression in the panicle elongation stages showed that although OsINV2 expression was observed from the stage with young panicles ~1 cm in length to the flag leaf stage, significant differences with respect to panicle and spikelet phenotypes between the wild-type and the mutant were not present.

Epstein-Barr virus-positive pyothorax-associated lymphoma expresses CCL17 and CCL22 chemokines that attract CCR4-expressing regulatory T cells.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL-CI) develop in patients with chronic inflammation but without any predisposing immunodeficiency. Given the expression of the EBV latent genes, DLBCL-CI should have mechanisms for evasion of host antitumor immunity. EBV-positive pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a prototype of DLBCL-CI and may provide a valuable model for the study of immune evasion by DLBCL-CI.

Prevalence and Viral Loads of Cutaneous Human Polyomaviruses in the Skin of Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases.

Background: Human skin microorganisms have been associated with various skin diseases. However, most studies have focused on bacterial communities, and little is known about normally resident skin viruses such as the Polyomaviridae and their association with cutaneous disorders.

Methods: We investigated the infection levels of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6), and human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7), using triplet skin swabs collected from lesional and nonlesional skins of 86 Japanese patients with inflammatory skin diseases and mycosis fungoides, and from 149 healthy control individuals.

Generation and characteristics of a novel "double-hit" high grade B-cell lymphoma cell line DH-My6 with / and / gene arrangements and potential molecular targeted therapies.

"Double-hit" lymphoma (DHL) is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma that harbors concurrent and or rearrangements. Because cases of / DHL are uncommon, most reported conclusions have been based on cases of / DHL. Lack of experimental / DHL models continues to hinder the pathophysiologic and therapeutic investigations of this disorder.

Merkel cell polyomavirus and Langerhans cell neoplasm.

Background: The relationship between various external agents such as pollen, food, and infectious agents and human sensitivity exists and is variable depending upon individual's health conditions. For example, we believe that the pathogenetic potential of the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), the resident virus in skin, is variable and depends from the degree of individual's reactivity. MCPyV as well as Epstein-Barr virus, which are normally connected with humans under the form of subclinical infection, are thought to be involved at various degrees in several neoplastic and inflammatory diseases.