The ability of diaphragmatic excursion after extubation to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support in critically ill surgical patients.

Background: This study evaluated the ability of diaphragmatic excursion (DE), measured 2 h after extubation, to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support within 48 h in surgical critically ill patients.

Methods: This prospective observational study included adult surgical critically ill patients intubated for > 24 h and extubated after a successful spontaneous breathing trial. Sonographic measurement of the DE was performed 2 h after extubation.

Evaluating the therapeutic potential of genetically engineered probiotic Zbiotics (ZB183) for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) management modulation of the cGAS-STING pathway.

NAFLD/NASH has emerged as a global health concern with no FDA-approved treatment, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic elements for NASH. Probiotics are known as an important adjunct therapy in NASH. Zbiotics (ZB183) is the first commercially available genetically engineered probiotic.

Comparing the hemodynamic effects of ketamine versus fentanyl bolus in patients with septic shock: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ketamine and fentanyl are commonly used for sedation and induction of anesthesia in critically ill patients. This study aimed to compare the hemodynamic effects of ketamine versus fentanyl bolus in patients with septic shock.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included mechanically ventilated adults with septic shock receiving sedation.

The MINUTES bundle for the initial 30 min management of undifferentiated circulatory shock: an expert opinion.

Acute circulatory shock is a life-threatening emergency requiring an efficient and timely management plan, which varies according to shock etiology and pathophysiology. Specific guidelines have been developed for each type of shock; however, there is a need for a clear timeline to promptly implement initial life-saving interventions during the early phase of shock recognition and management. A simple, easily memorable bundle of interventions could facilitate standardized management with clear targets and specified timeline.

Peripheral perfusion index as a predictor of reintubation in critically ill surgical patients.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the ability of the peripheral perfusion index (PPI) to predict reintubation of critically ill surgical patients.

Methods: This prospective observational study included mechanically ventilated adults who were extubated after a successful spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). The patients were followed up for the next 48 h for the need for reintubation.

Experimental investigation for nonalcoholic fatty pancreas management using probiotics.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty pancreatitis (NAFP) presents a pressing challenge within the domain of metabolic disorders, necessitating further exploration to unveil its molecular intricacies and discover effective treatments. Our focus was to delve into the potential therapeutic impact of ZBiotic, a specially engineered strain of probiotic B. subtilis, in managing NAFP by targeting specific genes linked with necroptosis and the TNF signaling pathway, including TNF, ZBP1, HSPA1B, and MAPK3, along with their upstream epigenetic regulator, miR-5192, identified through bioinformatics.

Accuracy of oscillometric noninvasive blood pressure at the ankle in the lateral position during general anesthesia.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ankle blood pressure measurements in relation to invasive blood pressure in the lateral position.

Methods: This prospective observational study included adult patients scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia in the lateral position. Paired radial artery invasive and ankle noninvasive blood pressure readings were recorded in the lateral position using GE Carescape B650 monitor.

Cuffed versus uncuffed endotracheal tubes in neonates undergoing noncardiac surgeries: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The efficacy and safety of cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs) in neonates are still unclear, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of cuffed versus uncuffed ETTs in neonate undergoing noncardiac surgeries.

Methods: Neonates scheduled for noncardiac surgeries were randomized into two groups according to the type of airway device during general anesthesia: cuffed ETT group (n = 60) and the uncuffed ETT group (n = 60). The primary outcome was the incidence of ETT exchange to find the appropriate ETT.

Intravenous ibuprofen versus ketorolac for perioperative pain control in open abdominal hysterectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: We aimed to compare the analgesic effects of intravenous ibuprofen to ketorolac after open abdominal hysterectomy.

Methods: This randomized double-blinded controlled trial included adult women scheduled for elective open abdominal hysterectomy. Participants were randomized to receive either 30 mg ketorolac (n = 50) or 800 mg ibuprofen (n = 50) preoperatively, then every 8 h postoperatively for 24 h.

Epinephrine vs. phenylephrine infusion for prophylaxis against maternal hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The hemodynamic effects of relatively low-dose epinephrine and phenylephrine infusions during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were compared.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included full-term pregnant women who underwent elective cesarean delivery. After spinal anesthesia, participants received either epinephrine (0.

The use of thermal imaging for evaluation of peripheral tissue perfusion in surgical patients with septic shock.

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of central-to-peripheral temperature gradients using thermal imaging to predict in-hospital mortality in surgical patients with septic shock.

Methods: This prospective observational study included adult patients with septic shock admitted to the intensive care unit postoperatively. Serum lactate (in mmol/L), capillary refill time (CRT) (in seconds), toe (peripheral) and canthal (central) temperature by infrared thermography and the corresponding room temperature in (Celsius [°C]) were assessed at the time of admission, 6- and 12 h after admission.

Oral midodrine for prophylaxis against post-spinal anesthesia hypotension during hip arthroplasty in elderly population: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of midodrine as a prophylaxis against post-spinal hypotension in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. Ninety minutes before the procedure, patients were randomized to receive either 5-mg midodrine or placebo (metoclopramide).

A neuroprotective effect of pentoxifylline in rats with diabetic neuropathy: Mitigation of inflammatory and vascular alterations.

Background: Treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain does not change the natural history of neuropathy. Improved glycemic control is the recommended treatment in these cases, given that no specific treatment for the underlying nerve damage is available, so far. In the present study, the potential neuroprotective effect of pentoxifylline in streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) induced diabetic neuropathy in rats was investigated.

Comparison of Two Norepinephrine Rescue Bolus Doses for Management of Severe Post-Spinal Hypotension During Elective Caesarean Delivery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Background: Post-spinal hypotension is associated with maternal and neonatal complications; therefore, prompt control maternal blood pressure is necessary. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of two norepinephrine bolus doses in the rescue management of severe maternal hypotension during elective Cesarean delivery.

Methods: We included full-term pregnant women scheduled for Cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia.

Comparison of different ratios of propofol-ketamine admixture in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: We aimed to compare the hemodynamic effect of two ratios of propofol and ketamine (ketofol), namely 1:1 and 1:3 ratios, in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy.

Methods: This randomized controlled study included adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy under general anesthesia. The patients were randomized to receive either ketofol ratio of 1:1 (n = 37) or ketofol ratio of 1:3 (n = 37).

THE ACCURACY OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA DISTENSIBILITY THROUGH THE TRANSHEPATIC APPROACH TO PREDICT FLUID RESPONSIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH SEPTIC SHOCK AFTER EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the ability of inferior vena cava (IVC) distensibility using the transhepatic approach to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with septic shock after emergency laparotomy. Methods: This prospective observational study included mechanically ventilated paralyzed adult who had septic shock after emergency laparotomy. The IVC dimensions were measured through the transhepatic and subxiphoid approaches.

Thermal Imaging to Predict Failed Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Successful brachial plexus blockade produces sympathetic blockade, resulting in increased skin temperature in the blocked segments. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of infrared thermography in predicting failed segmental supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

Methods: This prospective observational study included adult patients undergoing upper-limb surgery under supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

Evaluation of the accuracy of oscillometric non-invasive blood pressure measurement at the ankle in children during general anesthesia.

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of oscillometric blood pressure measurement at the ankle in children using invasive blood pressure as reference standard. This prospective observational study included children undergoing noncardiac surgery. Paired radial invasive and ankle non-invasive blood pressure measurements were obtained.