Exosomes and breast cancer angiogenesis; Highlights in intercellular communication.

Breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent and highly lethal cancer in females. Like other cancer types, the intricate cellular and molecular heterogeneity leads to the variation of therapeutic outcomes. The development and progression of blood vessels increase the tumor cell expansion and metastasis to remote sites.

Dysbiosis and fecal microbiota transplant: Contemplating progress in health, neurodegeneration and longevity.

The gut-brain axis plays an important role in mental health. The intestinal epithelial surface is colonized by billions of commensal and transitory bacteria, known as the Gut Microbiota (GM). However, potential pathogens continuously stimulate intestinal immunity when they find the place.

Large ventricular myxoma causing inflow and outflow obstruction of the right ventricle; A Case Report.

Background: Myxomas are the most common primary benign heart tumors, typically found in the left atrium, with only 2-4% occurring in the right ventricle. Clinical presentations vary widely, including congestive heart failure and systemic embolic phenomena. This case report describes a rare right ventricular myxoma causing both inflow and outflow obstruction, presenting as progressive exertional dyspnea.

A retrospective characterization of pediatric facemasks marketed in the United States and implications for future designs.

Background: Device manufacturers who seek to market their pediatric facemasks in the United States (U.S.), as part of anthropometric data requirement, need to demonstrate their mask designs are expected to fit the intended user population.

Enhanced Sensitivity in Photovoltaic 2D MoS/Te Heterojunction VOC Sensors.

Volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors have a broad range of applications including healthcare monitoring, product quality control, and air quality management. However, many such applications are demanding, requiring sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity. 2D materials are extensively used in many VOC sensing devices due to their large surface-to-volume ratio and fascinating electronic properties.

The Effect of MiR320a on Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer has a high mortality rate among cancers in both women and men. Currently, lung cáncer diagnosis is made with clinical examination, low-dose CT scan and molecular-based methods and its treatment options include chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy or immunotherapy. However, the life expectancy of lung cancer is not very high, and still it is usually diagnosed very lately, which leads to poorer prognosis.

-amplifying RNA expressing functional miRNA mediates target gene suppression and simultaneous transgene expression.

The co-delivery of microRNAs (miRNAs) and protein-coding RNA presents an opportunity for a combined approach to gene expression and gene regulation for therapeutic applications. Protein delivery is established using long mRNA, self-, and -amplifying RNA (taRNA), whereas miRNA delivery typically uses short synthetic oligonucleotides rather than incorporating it as a precursor into long RNA. Although miRNA delivery into the cell cytoplasm using long genomes of RNA viruses has been described, concerns have remained regarding low processing efficiency.

Gut microbiota in neurological diseases: Melatonin plays an important regulatory role.

Melatonin is a highly conserved molecule produced in the human pineal gland as a hormone. It is known for its essential biological effects, such as antioxidant activity, circadian rhythm regulator, and immunomodulatory effects. The gut is one of the primary known sources of melatonin.

Colonization of the gut mucosa of colorectal cancer patients by pathogenic mucosa-associated Escherichia coli strains.

Some strains of Escherichia coli are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of current study was to compare the general characteristics of the E. coli from CRC patients and healthy participants.

Tuberculosis vaccine developments and efficient delivery systems: A comprehensive appraisal.

Despite the widespread use of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, (MTB) continues to be a global burden. Vaccination has been proposed to prevent and treat tuberculosis (TB) infection, and several of them are in different phases of clinical trials. Though vaccine production is in progress but requires more attention.

A Prospective Multicenter ≥2 Years Clinical Study of the Active Apex Correction (APC) Technique in Early Onset Scoliosis (EOS) Patients.

Study Design: prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: Active apex correction (APC) is posterior tethering technique for correction of early onset scoliosis (EOS) via reverse modulation at the apex. Active apex correction has been increasingly used worldwide.

Urease-Powered Black TiO Micromotors for Photothermal Therapy of Bladder Cancer.

Urease-powered nano/micromotors can move at physiological urea concentrations, making them useful for biomedical applications, such as treating bladder cancer. However, their movement in biological environments is still challenging. Herein, Janus micromotors based on black TiO with urease asymmetric catalytic coating were designed to take benefit of the optical properties of black TiO under near-infrared light and the movement capability in simulated bladder environments (urea).

Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, Biocompatibility and Cytotoxicity of Co-Loaded Meropenem and Vancomycin in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) have been reported as an effective system to co-deliver a variety of different agents to enhance efficiency and improve biocompatibility. This study was aimed at the preparation, physicochemical characterization, antimicrobial effects, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity of vancomycin and meropenem co-loaded in the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Van/Mrp-MSNPs). The prepared nanoparticles were explored for their physicochemical features, antibacterial and antibiofilm effects, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity.

Pseudocapacitance-Induced Synaptic Plasticity of Tribo-Phototronic Effect Between Ionic Liquid and 2D MoS.

Contact-induced electrification, commonly referred to as triboelectrification, is the subject of extensive investigation at liquid-solid interfaces due to its wide range of applications in electrochemistry, energy harvesting, and sensors. This study examines the triboelectric between an ionic liquid and 2D MoS under light illumination. Notably, when a liquid droplet slides across the MoS surface, an increase in the generated current and voltage is observed in the forward direction, while a decrease is observed in the reverse direction.

Evaluating the performance of Generative Pre-trained Transformer-4 (GPT-4) in standardizing radiology reports.

Objective: Radiology reporting is an essential component of clinical diagnosis and decision-making. With the advent of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models like GPT-4 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4), there is growing interest in evaluating their potential for optimizing or generating radiology reports. This study aimed to compare the quality and content of radiologist-generated and GPT-4 AI-generated radiology reports.

Molecular diagnosis, phylogenetic analysis, and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from neutropenic oncological patients.

Background: Neutropenia is the most important cause of life-threatening invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Here, we studied the frequency and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida species that colonized or caused infections among neutropenic patients with solid or hematological malignancies.

Methods: A total of 362 clinical samples were collected from 138 patients.

Aptitude of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Comprehensive Review on Characteristic Features, and Production of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase.

Urinary tract infection is the most common infection in almost half of the renal transplant patients. The development of UTI in these patients may progress to bacteremia, acute T cell-mediated rejection, impaired allograft function, or allograft loss, along with the increased risk of hospitalization and death. Among various pathogens implicated, Uropathogenic E.

The predictive value of CTSI scoring system in non-operative management of patients with splenic blunt trauma: The experience of a level 1 trauma center.

Background: The spleen is one of the most injured organs following blunt abdominal trauma. The management options can be either operative or non-operative management (NOM) with either conservative management or splenic artery embolization. The implementation of CT in emergency departments allowed the use of CT imaging as a primary screening tool in early decision-making.

The profile of key gut microbiota members and short-chain fatty acids in patients with sepsis.

Sepsis is a complex clinical disorder with heterogeneous etiological factors. Given its high mortality rate, it is considered a global health issue. Recently, the link between gut microbiota and their metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids, in the pathophysiology of sepsis has been reported.

CT radiomics for differentiating fat poor angiomyolipoma from clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Differentiation of fat-poor angiomyolipoma (fp-AMLs) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is often not possible from just visual interpretation of conventional cross-sectional imaging, typically requiring biopsy or surgery for diagnostic confirmation. However, radiomics has the potential to characterize renal masses without the need for invasive procedures. Here, we conducted a systematic review on the accuracy of CT radiomics in distinguishing fp-AMLs from RCCs.

The pre-thyroidectomy surgeon's checklist. Recommendations of the AFC>E (Association francophone de chirurgie endocrinienne), with the SFE (Société française d'endocrinologie) and the SFMN (Société française de médecine nucléaire).

During the patient interview, signs of compression or invasion are sought out: dyspnea, dysphagia, dysphonia. The circumstances of discovery of the thyroid pathology are indicated. The surgeon must be closely acquainted with the EU-TIRADS and Bethesda classifications so as to be able to evaluate and explain to the patient the risk of malignancy.