The safety and efficacy of miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children.

To assess the use of miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) for renal stones in children, as well as its safety and efficacy. Seventy-seven patients with more than 15 mm renal stones whose age was less than 15 years were enrolled in this prospective case-controlled study at Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital, Ar Razi Private Hospital, and Ghazi Al-Hariri Hospital for Surgical Specialties, Anbar and Baghdad, Iraq. The study was conducted from January 2020 to January 2024.

Assessment of functional and cosmetic outcomes of Extended-Tubularized incised plate for mid-shaft and distal hypospadias as a modification of Snodgrass repair: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Hypospadias is a congenital abnormality of anterior urethral and penile development where the urethral meatus is ectopically located on the ventral aspect of the penis. It is a relatively common condition affecting ~1 in 250 male birth. Extended-Tubularized Incised Plate (E-TIP) is a modification of Snodgrass repair by extending the midline incision to the apical part of the glans resulting in a more normal appearing location of the meatus and straight urinary stream without increasing the risk of complications.