Socioeconomic difference in physical activity in children and their parents: The childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult noncommunicable disease study.

Background: As a health-related behavior, physical activity (PA) differs according to individual's socioeconomic status (SES). This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic difference in leisure-time PA among Iranian students and their parents at national and regional levels.

Study Design: Nationwide cross-sectional study.

Factors Associated with Tendency for Weight Loss in a Representative Sample of Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study.

Background: This study aims to determine the factors affecting the tendency to lose weight (TLW) and its methods in Iranian children and adolescents.

Methods: In this cross-sectional nationwide study 14800 students, aged 7-18 years, living in 30 provinces of Iran were selected via multistage cluster random sampling method. The dietary and physical activity habits and TLW as well as psychosocial health status, anxiety, self-satisfaction, and change in dietary behaviors were assessed by the global school-based student health survey (WHO-GSHS) questionnaire.

Association of Alanine Aminotransferase With Different Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study.

To determine the association of alanine aminotransferase with different metabolic phenotypes of obesity in a nationally- representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. This national study was conducted in the framework of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program entitled Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease study. Participants consisted of 4,200 subjects aged 7-18 years, who were recruited by multistage random cluster sampling from 30 provinces in Iran.

A comparison between body mass index and waist circumference for identifying continuous metabolic syndrome risk score components in Iranian school-aged children using a structural equation modeling approach: the CASPIAN-V study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of anthropometric indices with continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) risk score components in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents.

Methods: This multi-centric study was performed on 3843 students aged 7-18 years who were selected by multistage, stratified cluster sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran. Demographic, anthropometric and biochemical factors were obtained and standardized residuals (z-scores) were calculated for MetS components.

Association of sleep duration and snack consumption in children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-V study.

Objectives: The relationship between sleep deprivation and the risk of overweight and obesity is somewhat known in children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and eating snacks in a national sample of children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on the data of the fifth survey of the national school-based surveillance system entitled the "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non-communicable Disease" (CASPIAN-V) study.

Tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in prediction of pediatric metabolic syndrome: the CASPIAN-V study.

Objective Body mass index (BMI) and tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) are anthropometric measures to evaluate body adiposity in the various age groups. The present study aims to compare the predictive value of TMI and BMI for metabolic syndrome (Mets) in children and adolescents of both genders. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional study conducted on 3731 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years obtained from the fifth survey of 'Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease' (CASPIAN-V) study.

Determinants of taking dietary supplements in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study.

Aim: Tendency for taking dietary supplements is dramatically increasing. However, limited studies exist in this regard. We aimed to assess the frequency and determinants of dietary supplement use among a nationally-representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.

Passive smoking and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian children and adolescents: CASPIAN-V study.

Background: Smoking behavior as a harmful trend among adolescents and young adults has increased over last two decades. Many children and adolescents are at the risk of "second-hand" smoking at home due to their exposure to parents' or siblings' smoking. These second hand smokers are called "passive smokers" and are at risk of several health complications like cardiometabolic risk factors.

Association of Anthropometric Indices With Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study.

Obesity, particularly in the upper part of the body, is a major health problem. Measuring the neck circumference (NC) and wrist circumference (WrC) is a relatively new method of differentiating between normal and abnormal fat distributions. This study aimed to evaluate the association of NC, hip circumference (HC), and WrC with different phenotypes of obesity and their metabolic status.

Discriminatory ability of visceral adiposity index as an indicator for modeling cardio-metabolic risk factors in pediatric population: the CASPIAN-V study.

The purpose of this study was to obtain the cutoff points of visceral adiposity index (VAI), a new marker of indirect evaluation of visceral fat, to assess its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a population of children and adolescents. This cross sectional study was conducted on children and adolescents aged 7-18 years attended in the fifth phase of a national school-based surveillance survey. The odds ratio (OR) of cardiometabolic risk factors across tertile categories of VAI was determined using the logistic regression models and the valid cut-off values of VAI for predicting MetS was obtained using the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Association of fruit and vegetable intake with meal skipping in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study.

Background: There are few studies on the association of main meal consumption with fruit and vegetable intake. This study aims to assess the relation between skipping main meals and fruit and vegetable intake in children and adolescents.

Methods: This multi-centric cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 provinces of Iran.

Association of Sunlight Exposure with Sleep Hours in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study.

We aimed to assess the association of sunlight exposure with sleep duration and sleep onset time in children. Data were obtained from the fifth survey of a national school-based surveillance program in Iran. Sunlight exposure time, sleep duration, sleep onset time, physical activity time, mental health status and frequency of consuming coffee and tea were recorded.

Decomposition of passive smoking inequality in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V Study.

To investigate the socioeconomic inequality in passive smoking in Iranian children and adolescents. Through a multistage random cluster sampling method, a representative sample of 14,400 school students, aged 6-18 years, were enrolled from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Using a non-linear principal component analysis (NLPCA), the correlated variables were summarized as socioeconomic status (SES).

Utility of waist circumference-to-height ratio as a screening tool for generalized and central obesity among Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-V study.

Background: Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) is regarded as a simple anthropometric index for evaluating central adiposity because of its independence of age, gender, and ethnicity.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal WHtR cutoff value in screening obesity and to compare it with other obesity indicators including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in Iranian children and adolescents.

Methods: This large survey was conducted on 14 274 Iranian children and adolescents as a national school-based surveillance study (CASPIAN) in 2015.

Association of alanine aminotransferase concentration with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V cross-sectional study.

Background: It has been suggested that the levels of some liver enzymes, and especially alanine aminotransferase (ALT), might be correlatable with cardiometabolic risk factors. We investigated the relationship between ALT concentration and cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents.

Design And Setting: This nationwide study in Iran was conducted within the framework of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program known as the Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non-communicable disease study (CASPIAN-V).

Comparing the validity of continuous metabolic syndrome risk scores for predicting pediatric metabolic syndrome: the CASPIAN-V study.

Background The aim of this study was to compare the validity of various approaches to pediatric continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) scores including siMS scores (2 waist/height + fasting blood glucose [FBG]/5.6 + triglycerides [TG]/1.7 + systolic blood pressure [BP]/130 + high-density lipoprotein [HDL]/1.

Metabolic syndrome and associated factors in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the common metabolic disorders seen in children and adolescents. This study aims to assess the rate of the MetS and its associated factors in a nationally-representative sample of Iranian pediatric age groups. This nationwide cross- sectional study was designed in 2015 in 30 provinces of Iran.

Association of sleep duration with metabolic syndrome and its components in children and adolescents; a propensity score-matched analysis: the CASPIAN-V study.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association of sleep duration with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a pediatric population.

Methods: This multi-centric cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 in 30 provinces of Iran. Participants consisted of 4200 school students aged 7-18 years, studied in a national school-based surveillance program (CASPIAN-V).

Association between junk food consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents population: the CASPIAN-V study.

Aims: Only a few studies have attempted to assess the relationship between junk food consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian children and adolescents; therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the association between junk food intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in this population.

Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 14,400 students were selected from 30 provinces of Iran using multistage, stratified cluster sampling method.

Association of meal skipping with subjective health complaints in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study.

Purpose: Few studies have assessed the relationship between meal skipping with subjective health complaints in children and adolescents. The aim of our study was to determine the association between meal skipping and subjective health complaints in this population.

Methods: A total of 14,400 students aged 7-18 years were selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran.

Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V Study.

This study presents the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. This multi-centric study was conducted in 2015 among 4200 students aged 7-18 years. They were selected by multistage cluster sampling from 30 provinces of Iran.

Association of dietary patterns with continuous metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents; a nationwide propensity score-matched analysis: the CASPIAN-V study.

Objective: This study aims to determine the association of dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in children and adolescents.

Methods: This nationwide study was conducted in 2015 among 4200 students aged 7-18 years, who lived in 30 provinces in Iran. The analysis was conducted based on the propensity score using a matched case-control study design.

Association of anthropometric measures and cardio-metabolic risk factors in normal-weight children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study.

Background: The present study aims to explore the association of anthropometric indices and cardio-metabolic risk factors in normal-weight children and adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional nationwide study was conducted in 2015 among 4200 Iranian school students aged 7-18 years. They were selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method.

Is single-child family associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors: the CASPIAN-V study.

Background: In the present study, the association of the cardio-metabolic risk factors and the status of single-child family were studied in a national representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted as the fifth round of "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non- communicable disease" surveys. The students' questionnaire was derived from the World Health Organization-Global School Student Health Survey.