Effects of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside on metabolic enzymes and AMPK in the liver tissue of STZ-induced diabetes in mice.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It involves disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Novel therapeutic approaches are continuously being explored to enhance metabolic control and prevent complications associated with the disease.

Neuroprotective potential of Afzelin: A novel approach for alleviating catalepsy and modulating Bcl-2 expression in Parkinson's disease therapy.

The lost dopaminergic neurons in the brain prevent mobility in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is impossible to stop the disease's progress by means of symptoms management. Research focuses on oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal degeneration.

Effects of Taraxerol on Oxidative and Inflammatory Mediators in Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiotoxicity in an Animal Model.

Myocardial infarction (MI) continues to be an important issue in healthcare systems worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite ongoing efforts towards the development of preventive measures and treatments, addressing the challenges posed by MI remains difficult both in developed and developing countries. However, researchers recently investigated the potential cardioprotective effects of taraxerol utilizing an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity model among Sprague Dawley rats.

Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats.

Diabetic polyneuropathy is characterized by structural abnormalities, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. The current study aimed to determine the antinociceptive effects of isoeugenol and eugenol and their combinations in neuropathic pain resulting from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and neuroinflammation. Female SD rats were categorized into normal control, diabetic control, and treatment groups.

Protective Effects of a Polyphenolic Phytochemical Quercetin against Oxidative Dysfunctions in Rats.

Background: Quercetin hastraditionally been used in various oxidative and urinary tract dysfunctions. Thecurrent project is consequently set to evaluate the defensive efficacy ofQuercetin against potassium bromate (KBrO3) induced testiculartissue oxidative dysfunctions through biochemical, hormonal, and genotoxicmarkers.

Methods: To observe theprotective efficacy of Quercetin against urinogenital oxidative dysfunction inrats, thirty six albino male rats were divided into six groups.

Phospholipid-Based Topical Nano-Hydrogel of Mangiferin: Enhanced Topical Delivery and Improved Dermatokinetics.

Mangiferin is a herbal drug that has proven anticancer potential. Owing to its lower aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability, the full pharmacological potential of this bioactive drug has not fully been explored. In the present study, phospholipid-based microemulsion systems were developed to bypass oral delivery.

The Cardioprotective Effect of Corosolic Acid in the Diabetic Rats: A Possible Mechanism of the PPAR-γ Pathway.

The study was conducted to determine whether corosolic acid could protect the myocardium of diabetic rats from damage caused by isoproterenol (ISO) and, if so, how peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) activation might contribute into this protection. Diabetes in the rats was induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and it was divided into four groups: the diabetic control group, diabetic rats treated with corosolic acid, diabetic rats treated with GW9662, and diabetic rats treated with corosolic acid plus GW9662. The study was carried out for 28 days.

Epidemiology of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Adherence to the HAI Prevention Strategies.

Healthcare-associated infections are widely considered one of the most common unfavorable outcomes of healthcare delivery. Ventilator-associated pneumonia, central line-associated bloodstream infections, and catheter-associated urinary tract infections are examples of healthcare-associated infections. The current study was a retrospective study conducted at a public hospital in Unaizah, Saudi Arabia, to investigate the frequency of healthcare-associated illnesses and adherence to healthcare-associated infection prevention techniques in the year 2021.

Microwave-assisted and chemically tailored chlorogenic acid-functionalized silver nanoparticles of Citrus sinensis in gel matrix aiding QbD design for the treatment of acne.

Background: Numerous studies have shown that various products of Citrus sinensis, for example, crude extracts, essential oil, and purified components, possess anti-acne properties. However, the development of chlorogenic acid-functionalized silver nanoparticles of C. sinensis in gel matrix aiding QbD design has not been evaluated for acne treatment.

Rech. f. Mediated Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles; Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potency of the Synthesized AuNPs.

Background: Due to the high expense, less effectiveness and more side effects of available synthetic medicine, the researchers and communities are focusing on phyto-based natural bioactive compounds, which are considered safer for the treatment of syndromes and chronic diseases. Aim: The current project was aimed to determine the phytochemicals constituents available in the aerial parts of methanol extract of Carduus edelbergii via GC-MS, fabrication of AuNPs mediated with the mentioned extract; characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiabetic potency of the synthesized AuNPs. Methods: Confirmation of green synthesis of AuNPs, functional groups responsible for the reduction in Au+, size and crystallinity, morphology and quantity of gold (Au) were carried out by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and dispersive X-ray (EDX), respectively, whereas in vitro antioxidant characteristics were assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays.

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Pathogens Stratified by Age in a Public Hospital in Qassim.

Antibiotics have completely transformed medical practice by enabling the treatment of infections that were formerly fatal. However, misuse of antibiotics encourages the formation and spread of germs that are resistant to therapy, hastening the emergence of bacterial resistance. This was a retrospective study that aimed to gather information about the variation in bacterial susceptibility of various patient age groups in a public hospital in Qassim, Saudi Arabia from January 2020 to December 2021.

Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using and Its In Vivo Anti-Diabetic Effect against Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats.

: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-communicable, life-threatening syndrome that is present all over the world. The use of eco-friendly, cost-effective and green synthesised nanoparticles (NPs) as a medicinal therapy in the treatment of T2DM is an attractive option. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of the phyto-synthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from plant methanolic extract.

Phytochemical Screening, In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Volatile Compounds from (Mill) Leaves Grown in Saudi Arabia.

The herbal plant () (Mill) is commonly available around the world. In this study, the leaves of the herbal plant were collected from the central region of Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, to explore their in vitro pharmacological activity. Essential oil from the leaves of was isolated using the hydrodistillation method.

Isolation, Characterization and In Silico Studies of Secondary Metabolites from the Whole Plant of Peşmen & Erik.

species are frequently used worldwide in the treatment of various diseases, such as inflammatory and autoimmune disorders as well as metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, due to the large number of secondary metabolites they contain. The present study was performed on , which is a narrow endemic species for the flora of Turkey, and resulted in the isolation of nine known compounds, 6,3'-disinapoyl-sucrose (), 6--sinapoyl,3'--trimethoxy-cinnamoyl-sucrose (tenuifoliside C) (), 3'--(-methyl-feruloyl)-sucrose (), 3'--(sinapoyl)-sucrose (), 3'--trimethoxy-cinnamoyl-sucrose (glomeratose) (), 3'--feruloyl-sucrose (sibiricose A5) (), sinapyl alcohol 4--glucoside (syringin or eleutheroside B) (), liriodendrin (), and 7,4'-di--methylquercetin-3--β-rutinoside (ombuin 3--rutinoside or ombuoside) (). The structures of the compounds were determined by the spectroscopic methods including 1D-NMR (H NMR, C NMR, DEPT-135), 2D-NMR (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC), and HRMS.

Determination of Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of Essential Oil from Leaves of Grown in Saudi Arabia.

The aim of this study was to explore the composition and evaluate the in silico and in vitro antioxidants and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of var. dulce leaves essential oil (AGO) collected from Al-Kharj (Saudi Arabia). AGO was isolated using the hydro-distillation method, and its composition was studied using gas-chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), antimicrobial activities using well diffusion assay, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities using spectrophotometric methods.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolic profiling, molecular simulation and dynamics of diverse phytochemicals of L. leaves against estrogen receptor.

: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer globally and its treatment with many FDA-approved synthetic drugs manifests various side effects. Alternatively, phytochemicals are natural reserves of novel drugs for cancer therapy. commonly known as pomegranate is a rich source of phytopharmaceuticals.

Phytochemical Analysis of Leaves: Identification of Garcinamines F-H and Their Antiproliferative Activities.

is a medicinal plant used in the Arab region for intestinal diseases, lung and liver diseases, digestive problems, and as an antidiabetic agent. Repeated chromatographic purifications of leaves led to the isolation of three undescribed guaiane sesquiterpene derivatives, named garcinamines F-H, characterized by the presence of an amino acid unit, along with five known sesquiterpene lactones (garcinamines B-E and 9β-hydroxyparthenolide). The structures of the new compounds were established using spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and spectrometric methods (ESIMS).

Evaluation of the composition and in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Cilantro ( L. leaves) cultivated in Saudi Arabia (Al-Kharj).

Background: In the present study, we explored the composition of Cilantro ( L. leaves) essential oil (CEO) cultivated in Saudi Arabia (Al-Kharj) and explored its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro.

Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy was used to detect the CEO composition.

Solubility Determination, Hansen Solubility Parameters and Thermodynamic Evaluation of Thymoquinone in (Isopropanol + Water) Compositions.

This article studies the solubility, Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs), and thermodynamic behavior of a naturally-derived bioactive thymoquinone (TQ) in different binary combinations of isopropanol (IPA) and water (HO). The mole fraction solubilities () of TQ in various (IPA + HO) compositions are measured at 298.2-318.

Solubilization of -Resveratrol in Some Mono-Solvents and Various Propylene Glycol + Water Mixtures.

This research deals with the determination of solubility, Hansen solubility parameters, dissolution properties, enthalpy-entropy compensation, and computational modeling of a naturally-derived bioactive compound -resveratrol (TRV) in water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, propylene glycol (PG), and various PG + water mixtures. The solubility of TRV in six different mono-solvents and various PG + water mixtures was determined at 298.2-318.

Ecdysteroids from the underground parts of Rhaponticum acaule (L.) DC.

In addition to two known ecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone and turkesterone, three previously undescribed stigmastane-type ecdysteroids were isolated from the underground parts of Rhaponticum acaule (L.) DC. by chromatographic techniques (CC, VLC, MPLC).

Simultaneous Determination of 6-Shogaol and 6-Gingerol in Various Ginger ( Roscoe) Extracts and Commercial Formulations Using a Green RP-HPTLC-Densitometry Method.

Various analytical methodologies have been reported for the determination of 6-shogaol (6-SHO) and 6-gingerol (6-GIN) in ginger extracts and commercial formulations. However, green analytical methods for the determination of 6-SHO and 6-GIN, either alone or in combination, have not yet been reported in literature. Hence, the present study was aimed to develop a rapid, simple, and cheaper green reversed phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (RP-HPTLC) densitometry method for the simultaneous determination of 6-SHO and 6-GIN in the traditional and ultrasonication-assisted extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Sesquiterpenoids from Aerial Parts of .

Two new sesquiterpenoids belonging to the guaiane, 4α,9α,10α-trihydroxyguaia-11(13)en-12,6α-olide (), and germacrane, 9β-hydroxyparthenolide-9--β-D-glucopyranoside (), classes have been isolated from the leaves of the Saudi medicinal plant along with seven known compounds (-). The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS). The antimicrobial properties of - were screened against seven different pathogenic microbes, and compounds - showed a potent antifungal activity.

HPTLC method for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and gallic acid biomarker from freeze dry pomegranate juice and herbal formulation.

A new rapid, simple, sensitive and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been established for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and gallic acid in the freeze-dried pomegranate fruit juice and herbal formulation. HPTLC method was carried out using ethyl acetate: acetone: water: formic acid, 10:6:2:2 (%, )) on 20 × 10 cm glass coated silica gel 60 F plates and scanned at 254 nm for ascorbic acid and gallic acid. Ascorbic acid and gallic acid in the freeze-dried pomegranate fruit juice were identified by comparing their single spot at R = 0.