Effects of Chronic Ghrelin Treatment on Hypoxia-Induced Brain Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Rat Normobaric Chronic Hypoxia Model.

Unlabelled: Omrani, Hasan, Mohammad Reza Alipour, Fereshteh Farajdokht, Hadi Ebrahimi, Mehran Mesgari Abbasi, and Gisou Mohaddes. Effects of chronic ghrelin treatment on hypoxia-induced brain oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat normobaric chronic hypoxia model. High Alt Med Biol.

Ghrelin Improves Antioxidant Defense in Blood and Brain in Normobaric Hypoxia in Adult Male Rats.

Purpose: Hypoxia is one of the important factors in formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that reduces oxidative stress. However, antioxidant effect of ghrelin on blood and brain in normobaric hypoxia condition has not yet been investigated.

Thymoquinone, the main constituent of Nigella sativa, affects adenosine receptors in asthmatic guinea pigs.

Objectives: For determining the mechanism of anti-asthmatic effect of thymoquinone, this investigation evaluated the effect of thymoquinone in the presence of selective A2A and A2B adenosine receptor antagonists (ZM241385 and MRS1706, respectively).

Materials And Methods: Seventy guinea pigs were randomly divided to 7 groups; control (C), sensitized with ovalbumin (S), sensitized groups pretreated with thymoquinone (S+TQ), ZM241385 (S+Anta A2A), MRS1706 (S+Anta A2B), thymoquinone and antagonists (S+Anta A2A+TQ and S+Anta A2B+TQ). Thymoquinone and each of these antagonists with 3 mg/kg dose were injected i.

The effect of single dose of thymoquinone, the main constituents of Nigella sativa, in guinea pig model of asthma.

Introduction: In previous studies, the relaxant and antihistaminic effects of thymoquinone, the main constituents of Nigella sativa, have been demonstrated on guinea pig tracheal chains. In the present study, the prophylactic effect of (IP) single dose of thymoquinone on tracheal responsiveness and lung inflammation of guinea pig model of asthma was examined.

Methods: Thirty guinea pigs were randomly divided to 3 groups; control (C), sensitized (S) and pretreated group with (TQ); 3 mg/kg, IP (S+TQ).

The Effect of Adenosine A2A and A2B Antagonists on Tracheal Responsiveness, Serum Levels of Cytokines and Lung Inflammation in Guinea Pig Model of Asthma.

Purpose: Nowadays adenosine is specified as an important factor in the pathophysiology of asthma. For determining the effect of different A2 receptors, in this investigation the effect of single dose of selective adenosine A2A and A2B antagonists (ZM241385 and MRS1706) on different inflammatory parameters; tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and ovalbumin, total and differential cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), blood levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ and lung pathology of guinea pig model of asthma were assessed.

Methods: All mentioned parameters were evaluated in two sensitized groups of guinea pigs pretreated with A2A and A2B antagonists (S+Anta A2A, S+Anta A2B) compared with sensitized (S) and control (C) groups.