Revolutionizing Acute Stroke Care: A Review of Food and Drug Administration-Approved Software as Medical Devices for Stroke Triage.

Stroke remains a critical global health challenge, with ischemic stroke comprising most cases and necessitating rapid, effective treatment to improve patient outcomes. This review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning into medical devices for stroke triaging, highlighting their impact on reducing notification times, latency in care, and health disparities. By analyzing Food and Drug Administration-approved AI-enabled devices under the "Radiological computer-assisted triage and notification software" regulation category, we assess their sensitivity, specificity, and time-to-notification as the measure of their overall effectiveness in clinical settings.

TENZEL ROTATIONAL FLAP IN UPPER AND LOWER LID RECONSTRUCTION IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF KARACHI PAKISTAN: A PROSPECTIVE INTERVENTIONAL STUDY.

Background: Reconstruction of the lids is a significant challenge for ocular plastic surgeons as it requires the greatest functional and cosmetic outcomes. This study aimed to share the experience of Tenzel rotational flap in upper and lower lid reconstruction of anterior lamella at a tertiary eye care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: 10 patients with upper and lower eyelid defects over a period of 6 months were a part of this prospective interventional clinical study.

Effect of Cd on Structural, Spectral, Morphological and Dielectric Properties of Sr1-xCdxZn2Fe4O11 R-type Hexaferrites Synthesized via Sol-gel Technique.

Sol-gel method was used to prepare SrCdZnFeO (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.

Surface modification of XSe (X = Cu and Ag) monolayers by grope 1 elements: A metal to semiconductor transition by a first-principles perspective.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials can be effectively functionalized by chemically modified using doping. Very recently, a flat AgSe monolayer was successfully prepared through direct selenization of the Ag(111) surface. Besides, the results indicate that the AgSe monolayer like CuSe, has a honeycomb lattice.

Right inferior phrenic artery to right pulmonary artery fistula causing hemothorax: A case report.

Inferior phrenic artery to pulmonary artery fistulae are a rare anomaly seen on CT thorax angiogram when evaluating for certain pulmonary pathological conditions. A 79-year-old man with hemothorax on chest X-ray was evaluated by interventional radiology for embolization of a bleeding vessel. During the procedure, a fistulous connection between the right inferior phrenic artery and right pulmonary artery with signs of extravasation was found and embolized, significantly reducing the size of the hemothorax.

Metal to semiconductor switching in the AgTe monolayer decoration with alkali metal and alkaline earth metal atoms: a first-principles perspective.

In this work, employing first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the atomic structure and electronic and optical properties of the AgTe monolayer, as well as the impact of alkali metal (Li, Na, K) and alkaline earth metal (Be, Mg, Ca) atoms decoration. The AgTe monolayer exhibits metallic characteristics. When Li, Na, K, and Mg atoms are decorated on the AgTe monolayer, the decorated AgTe monolayers are dynamically stable.

Dirty Mass sign of abdominal imaging: A case of silent pneumoperitoneum.

Pneumoperitoneum is a common complication after penetrating abdominal trauma, gastric ulcer, or colitis in which free air is present in the peritoneal or retroperitoneal space. Sole pneumoretroperitoneum, which refers to gas in the retroperitoneal space, is a rare entity, and when significant, results in a characteristic radiographic sign known as "Dirty Mass." Common causes include penetrating trauma or perforation of the retroperitoneal portions of the gastrointestinal tract (duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, and rectum).

Corrigendum to "Enrichment, sources, and distributions of toxic elements in the farming land's topsoil near a heavily industrialized area of central Bangladesh, and associated risks assessment" [Heliyon 9 (4) 2023 e15078].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Subperiosteal Orbital Hematoma: A Rare Clinical Manifestation of Sickle Cell Disease - A Case Report.

Sickle cell disease (SCD), an inherited vaso-occlusive disorder, results in recurrent painful episodes and a variety of serious systemic complications that can lead to severe disabilities and even death. Here, we report a case of a 19-year-old African American patient with homozygous sickle cell trait who presented with right upper lid edema and ptosis, 3 days after his admission to the hospital following a sickle cell crisis. Initially, mistaken as a superinfection in the context of his disease, a diagnosis of orbital abscess was made.

CT imaging features of bile duct stent complications.

Biliary stents have been widely used to treat both malignant and benign biliary obstruction. Biliary stenting serves as a temporary measure to maintain ductal patency and promote bile drainage. Biliary decompression can help relieve clinical symptoms of pain, obstructive jaundice, pruritis, fat malabsorption, and failure to thrive and prevent disease progression, such as secondary biliary cirrhosis and end-stage liver failure.

Facile synthesis of a CuSe/PVP nanocomposite for ultrasensitive non-enzymatic glucose biosensing.

Non-enzymatic glucose biosensors show high sensitivity, lower response time, wide linear range and low cost. Copper based composites show excellent electrocatalytic tunability and lead to a better charge transfer in electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose biosensors. In this work, a nanocomposite of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and copper selenide was synthesized by a facile one pot sol gel method.

Nonlinear optical phase shift in blood plasmas for neoplasia diagnosis.

Detecting cancer at an early stage is crucial for timely treatment and better chances of survival. This research focuses on a scanning method for detecting cancer by examining the nonlinear optical characteristics of blood plasma samples. The study used both cancerous and noncancerous plasma samples and presented the results statistically by utilizing an incident laser power-dependent nonlinear optical phase shift variable called ζ in the Z-scan technique.

Fracture Surface Evolution During Acidized Brine Injection in Calcareous Mudrocks.

During hydraulic fracturing, the oxic hydraulic fracturing fluid physically and chemically alters the fracture surface and creates a "reaction-altered zone". Recent work has shown that most of the physicochemical changes occur on the shale fracture surface, and the depth of reaction penetration is small over the course of shut-in time. In this work, we investigate the physicochemical evolution of a calcite-rich fracture surface during acidized brine injection in the presence of applied compressive stress.

One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of a carbon quantum dot/CaFeO hybrid nanocomposite for carcinogenic Congo red dye degradation.

Semiconductor materials show a restricted degradation response to organic pollutants due to limited photocatalytic activity under visible light. Therefore, researchers have devoted much attention to novel and effective nanocomposite materials. For the first time, herein, a novel nano-sized semiconductor calcium ferrite modified by carbon quantum dots (CaFeO/CQDs) photocatalyst is fabricated simple hydrothermal treatment for the degradation of aromatic dye using a visible light source.

A comprehensive review of transvenous obliteration techniques in the management of gastric varices.

Bleeding gastric varices (GVs) is a life-threatening complication of portal hypertension, with higher morbidity and mortality rates compared with bleeding esophageal varices (EVs). The endovascular techniques for the management of GVs are mainly transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and transvenous obliteration of the GVs. Transvenous obliteration techniques can be an alternative or an adjunct to TIPS for treatment of GVs, depending on the clinical scenario, and are less invasive than TIPS.

Role of school preparedness on children's in-person schooling decision during Covid-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.

Background: Due to Covid-19 impacted disruption, Bangladesh government had temporarily shut all the educational institutes down in March 2020 though it was prolonged until September 2021. After continuous concern of UNICEF, when government considered about reopening of schools for in-person classes amid the pandemic, many parents were found to be worried regarding the status of school preparedness.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate compliance status of school preparedness as per UNICEF's guidelines and its effect on children's schooling decision during the pandemic.

Excellent photocatalytic properties in 2D ZnO/SiC van der Waals hetero-bilayers: water-splitting H-fuel production.

This research unravels the photocatalytic properties of a 2D ZnO/SiC van der Waals hetero-bilayer for potential water-splitting applications by first-principles calculations. Four unique stacking patterns are considered in studying the electronic and optical properties in the presence and absence of biaxial external strain. For pattern-I and II, large negative binding energy and positive phonon frequencies are observed, denoting chemical and mechanical stabilities.

Localized nasopharyngeal amyloidosis: A case report.

Amyloidosis is a rare condition on its own but finding localized amyloidosis of a site such as the nasopharynx is an extremely rare condition with very few cases described in the literature. The condition occurs due to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the extracellular space disrupting the cell architecture and causing eventual dysfunction. In this case report we discuss the pathophysiology, symptoms, and imaging findings of a patient initially thought to have giant cell arteritis, but who was found on CT to have a mass later determined to be localized nasopharyngeal amyloidosis.

Peritoneal vaginal fistula and contrast extravasation during MRI.

Gynecological malignancies including primary cervical cancers are frequently treated with chemotherapy and radiation. Fistulas affecting the gynecological organs and surrounding cavities are a known consequence of radiotherapy due to focal necrosis of the regional mucosa. In this report, we will demonstrate a rare case of a posterior vaginal wall rupture with resulting fistulization into the peritoneal cavity in a 50-year-old female patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix status postchemoradiotherapy.

Perception of Dietary Influences on Renal Stone Formation Among the General Population.

Introduction Urolithiasis is a common disorder worldwide with an increasing prevalence and high recurrence rate. This makes preventive measures like dietary modification an essential part of patient care. This study focuses on gauging the perception of dietary habits favoring kidney stone formation.

Hypertension in Cancer Survivors.

Purpose Of Review: With increasing survival after cancer treatment, there is a need for long-term management of risk factors and chronic medical conditions to realize the full benefit of improvement of outcomes. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has a higher prevalence in cancer survivors compared to the general population. In this review article, we discuss the burden of hypertension in cancer survivors and how this impacts their long-term outcomes and risk of cancer recurrence.

Bioinspired Materials for Wearable Devices and Point-of-Care Testing of Cancer.

Wearable, point-of-care diagnostics, and biosensors are on the verge of bringing transformative changes in detection, management, and treatment of cancer. Bioinspired materials with new forms and functions have frequently been used, in both translational and commercial spaces, to fabricate such diagnostic platforms. Engineered from organic or inorganic molecules, bioinspired systems are naturally equipped with biorecognition and stimuli-sensitive properties.