Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study.

Background: Aquaculture, traditionally a form of biotechnology, has evolved to integrate innovative biotechnological applications, such as advanced feed formulations, aimed at improving the growth performance and health of farmed fish species. In the present study, the effects of feeding rainbow trout with novel feed formulations were investigated. Fish growth, gut and liver morphology, the concentration of fatty acids in the fillet, and volatile fatty acids in the gut were assessed.

Correction: Rimoldi et al. The Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal and Insect Exuviae: Effects on Growth Performance, Gut Health and Microbiota of the European Seabass, . 2024, , 744.

In the original publication [...

A novel bivalent interaction mode underlies a non-catalytic mechanism for Pin1-mediated protein kinase C regulation.

Regulated hydrolysis of the phosphoinositide phosphatidylinositol(4,5)-bis-phosphate to diacylglycerol and inositol-1,4,5-P defines a major eukaryotic pathway for translation of extracellular cues to intracellular signaling circuits. Members of the lipid-activated protein kinase C isoenzyme family (PKCs) play central roles in this signaling circuit. One of the regulatory mechanisms employed to downregulate stimulated PKC activity is via a proteasome-dependent degradation pathway that is potentiated by peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1.

The Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal and Insect Exuviae: Effects on Growth Performance, Gut Health and Microbiota of the European Seabass, .

This study addressed the urgent need for sustainable protein sources in aquaculture due to the depletion of marine resources and rising costs. Animal protein sources, particularly poultry by-product meal (PBM) and insect exuviae meal, were investigated as viable alternatives to fishmeal (FM). The research study confirmed the successful replacement of FM with a combination of PBM and insect exuviae meal (up to 50%) in the diet of European seabass without compromising growth, feed conversion, gut health, and liver fat content.

Biocatalytic Generation of -Quinone Imines in the Synthesis of 1,4-Benzoxazines and Its Comparative Green Chemistry Metrics.

1,4-Benzoxazines are important motifs in many pharmaceuticals and can be formed by a reaction sequence involving the oxidation of -aminophenols to their corresponding quinone imine followed by an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition with a suitable dienophile. Reported herein is the development of a reaction sequence that employs horseradish peroxidase to catalyze the oxidation of the aminophenols prior to the IEDDA as a more sustainable alternative to the use of conventional stoichiometric oxidants. The synthesis of 10 example benzoxazines is demonstrated in this "one-pot, two-step" procedure with yields between 42% and 92%.

The impact of diets containing Hermetia illucens meal on the growth, intestinal health, and microbiota of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata).

The present study investigated the effect of replacing fishmeal (FM) with insect meal of Hermetia illucens (HI) in the diet of Sparus aurata farmed inshore on growth, gut health, and microbiota composition. Two isolipidic (18% as fed) and isoproteic (42% as fed) diets were tested at the farm scale: a control diet without HI meal and an experimental diet with 11% HI meal replacing FM. At the end of the 25-week feeding trial, final body weight, specific growth rate, feed conversion rate, and hepatosomatic index were not affected by the diet.

Polychaete () meal inclusion as a dietary strategy for modulating gut microbiota of European seabass ().

Recent research has revealed the significant impact of novel feed ingredients on fish gut microbiota, affecting both the immune status and digestive performance. As a result, analyzing the microbiota modulatory capabilities may be a useful method for assessing the potential functionality of novel ingredients. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary polychaete meal (PM) from on the autochthonous and allochthonous gut microbiota of European seabass ().

A novel bivalent interaction mode underlies a non-catalytic mechanism for Pin1-mediated Protein Kinase C regulation.

Regulated hydrolysis of the phosphoinositide phosphatidylinositol(4,5)-bis-phosphate to diacylglycerol and inositol-1,4,5-P3 defines a major eukaryotic pathway for translation of extracellular cues to intracellular signaling circuits. Members of the lipid-activated protein kinase C isoenzyme family (PKCs) play central roles in this signaling circuit. One of the regulatory mechanisms employed to downregulate stimulated PKC activity is via a proteasome-dependent degradation pathway that is potentiated by peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1.

Sustainable Fish Feeds with Insects and Probiotics Positively Affect Freshwater and Marine Fish Gut Microbiota.

Aquaculture is the fastest-growing agricultural industry in the world. Fishmeal is an essential component of commercial fish diets, but its long-term sustainability is a concern. Therefore, it is important to find alternatives to fishmeal that have a similar nutritional value and, at the same time, are affordable and readily available.

Supramolecular Ionic Liquid Gels for Enzyme Entrapment.

Reported herein is an entrapment method for enzyme immobilization that does not require the formation of new covalent bonds. Ionic liquid supramolecular gels are formed containing enzymes that can be shaped into gel beads and act as recyclable immobilized biocatalysts. The gel was formed from two components, a hydrophobic phosphonium ionic liquid and a low molecular weight gelator derived from the amino acid phenylalanine.

Perhexiline Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Incremental Insulin Resistance despite Potentiation of Nitric Oxide Signaling.

Perhexiline (Px) inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which controls uptake of long chain fatty acids into mitochondria. However, occasional cases of hypoglycaemia have been reported in Px-treated patients, raising the possibility that Px may also increase sensitivity to insulin. Furthermore, Px increases anti-aggregatory responses to nitric oxide (NO), an effect which may theoretically parallel insulin sensitization.

Effect of 2400 MHz mobile phone radiation exposure on the behavior and hippocampus morphology in Swiss mouse model.

Electromagnetic field exposure to the nervous system can cause neurological changes. The effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, such as second-generation and third-generation radiation, have been studied in most studies. The current study aimed to explore fourth-generation cellular phone radiation on hippocampal morphology and behavior in mice.

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Whole-Cell and Isolated Enzyme Biocatalysis.

Ionic liquids have unique chemical properties that have fascinated scientists in many fields. The effects of adding ionic liquids to biocatalysts are many and varied. The uses of ionic liquids in biocatalysis include improved separations and phase behaviour, reduction in toxicity, and stabilization of protein structures.

Immunophenotypic analysis of the distribution of hepatic macrophages, lymphocytes and hepatic stellate cells in the adult rat liver.

The liver consists of parenchymal hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells. Non-parenchymal cells, Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and cholangiocytes have crucial roles in liver homeostasis and liver pathology. To establish baseline data, this study investigated immunohistochemically the distribution of non-parenchymal cells in perivenular areas (PV), periportal areas (PP) and Glisson's sheath (GS) of adult rat liver.

Hematobiochemical and histopathological alterations of kidney and testis due to exposure of 4G cell phone radiation in mice.

The radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation emitted by smart phones on biological systems has wide media coverage and public concern in recent years. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of fourth-generation cell phone radiation exposure on hematological (Total leukocyte count, Total erythrocyte count, and hemoglobin %), biochemical (Serum creatinine) parameters, and histopathological changes in the kidney and testis of Swiss albino mice. A total of 30 male Swiss albino mice weighing 45-65 g was randomly divided into three groups ( = 10).

Effect of formaldehyde and urea contaminated feed exposure into the liver of young and adult pigeons ().

Background And Aim: Nowadays, toxic chemical contaminants in food are a major food safety problem in Bangladesh. Among toxic food contaminants, formalin is used to preserve fruit, vegetables, and fish, where urea is used for the whitening of rice and puffed rice. The purpose of this study was to determine the biochemical and histopathological effects on the liver of young and adult pigeons after exposure to formalin and urea contaminated feed.

The RNA Binding Proteins YTHDC1 and FMRP Regulate the Nuclear Export of -Methyladenosine-Modified Hepatitis B Virus Transcripts and Affect the Viral Life Cycle.

YTHDC1 and fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) bind -methyladenosine (mA)-modified RNAs and facilitate their transport to the cytoplasm. Here, we investigated the role of these proteins in hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene expression and life cycle. We have previously reported that HBV transcripts are mA methylated, and this modification regulates the viral life cycle.

Impairment of platelet NO signalling in coronary artery spasm: role of hydrogen sulphide.

Background And Purpose: The pathophysiology of coronary artery spasm (CAS), with its associated ischaemic crises, is currently poorly understood and treatment is frequently ineffective. In view of increasing evidence that platelet-based defects may occur in CAS patients, we investigated platelet reactivity in CAS patients and whether symptomatic crises reflect activation of platelet-endothelial interactions.

Experimental Approach: CAS patients were evaluated during acute and/or chronic symptomatic phases and compared with healthy control subjects.

Epitranscriptomic(N6-methyladenosine) Modification of Viral RNA and Virus-Host Interactions.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) is the most prevalent and internal modification of eukaryotic mRNA. Multiple mA methylation sites have been identified in the viral RNA genome and transcripts of DNA viruses in recent years. mA modification is involved in all the phases of RNA metabolism, including RNA stability, splicing, nuclear exporting, RNA folding, translational modulation, and RNA degradation.

Designing Materials for Aqueous Catalysis: Ionic Liquid Gel and Silica Sphere Entrapped Iron-TAML Catalysts for Oxidative Degradation of Dyes.

Materials have been developed that encapsulate a homogeneous catalyst and enable it to operate as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. A hydrophobic ionic liquid within the material was used to dissolve Fe-TAML and keep it from leaching into the aqueous phase. One-pot processes were used to entrap Fe-TAML in basic ionic liquid gels, and ionic liquid gel spheres structured via a modified Stöber synthesis forming SiO particles of uniform size.

-Methyladenosine modification of hepatitis B and C viral RNAs attenuates host innate immunity via RIG-I signaling.

-Methyladenosine (mA), the methylation of the adenosine base at the nitrogen 6 position, is the most common epitranscriptomic modification of mRNA that affects a wide variety of biological functions. We have previously reported that hepatitis B viral RNAs are mA-modified, displaying a dual functional role in the viral life cycle. Here, we show that cellular mA machinery regulates host innate immunity against hepatitis B and C viral infections by inducing mA modification of viral transcripts.

HBV-Induced Increased N6 Methyladenosine Modification of PTEN RNA Affects Innate Immunity and Contributes to HCC.

Background And Aims: Epitranscriptomic modification of RNA has emerged as the most prevalent form of regulation of gene expression that affects development, differentiation, metabolism, viral infections, and most notably cancer. We have previously shown that hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcripts are modified by N6 methyladenosine (m A) addition. HBV also affects m A modification of several host RNAs, including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a well-known tumor suppressor.

Interferon-stimulated gene 20 (ISG20) selectively degrades N6-methyladenosine modified Hepatitis B Virus transcripts.

Interferon (IFN) stimulates a whole repertoire of cellular genes, collectively referred to as ISGs (Interferon-stimulated genes). ISG20, a 3´-5´ exonuclease enzyme, has been previously shown to bind and degrade hepatitis B Virus (HBV) transcripts. Here, we show that the N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified HBV transcripts are selectively recognized and processed for degradation by ISG20.