Cerebrospinal fluid levels of sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin and interleukin-33 in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure of unknown cause. It has been suggested that the inflammatory process plays a role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin, and interleukin-33 (IL-33) are among the factors involved in inflammatory processes.

Increased visinin-like protein-1, YKL-40, lipocalin-2, and IL-23 levels in patients with migraine.

Background: Migraine is a type of primary headache caused by changes in the trigeminal system and has been reported to be associated with neurovascular inflammation of cerebral and extracerebral vessels.

Objective: It is known that inflammation is an important process in the pathogenesis of migraine. It has been shown that the molecules of visinin-like protein 1 (Vilip-1), YKL-40, lipocalin-2 and interleukin (IL)-23 play a role in the inflammatory process.

Serum YKL-40 levels in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system. The YKL-40 protein, which is secreted from various cells that contribute to inflammation and infection, plays a role in immune regulation.

Objective: This study investigated the serum YKL-40 levels of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and MS.

Evaluation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and C-Reactive Protein in Tension-Type Headache Patients.

 A tension headache is the most common type of headache, and its causes are multifactorial. A relationship has been shown between migraine headaches and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study, we investigated the NLR, PLR, and serum CRP levels in frequent episodic tension-type headache (FETTH) and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) patients.

Effects of Ecballium elaterium on brain in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Despite recent advances in antibiotic therapy, sepsis remains a major clinical challenge in intensive care units. Here we examined the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Ecballium elaterium (EE) on brain, and explored its therapeutic potential in an animal model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) [induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)]. Thirty rats were divided into three groups of 10 each: control, sepsis, and treatment.

Efficacy of peripheral lidocaine application (neural therapy) in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis patients.

Aims: Many agents and treatments are used in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in MS patients, but no study has been conducted on the use of peripheric lidocaine (neural therapy-NT) on MS patients. We evaluated the effects of local administration of lidocaine on NDO in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.

Methods: For each patient local anesthetic lidocaine was injected at each session.

Analysis of the albumin level, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the pretreatment and post-treatment albumin level, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). A retrospective analysis of 62 patients with GBS treated between 2011 and 2015 in Dicle University Hospital, Turkey, was carried out. The pretreatment and post-treatment albumin, NLR, and PLR were documented, together with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), acute motor axonal neuropathy, motor sensory axonal neuropathy, and Hughes' scores.

Association between sequence variations of the Mediterranean fever gene and the risk of migraine: a case-control study.

Migraine pathogenesis involves a complex interaction between hormones, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory pathways, which also influence the migraine phenotype. The Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) encodes the pyrin protein. The major role of pyrin appears to be in the regulation of inflammation activity and the processing of the cytokine pro-interleukin-1β, and this cytokine plays a part in migraine pathogenesis.

Association of Polymorphisms within the Serotonin Receptor Genes 5-HTR1A, 5-HTR1B, 5-HTR2A and 5-HTR2C and Migraine Susceptibility in a Turkish Population.

Objective: Migraine, a highly prevelant headache disorder, is regarded as a polygenic multifactorial disease. Serotonin (5-HT) and their respective receptors have been implicated in the patogenesis.

Methods: We investigated the 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptor gene polymorphisms and their association with migraine in Turkish patients.

Association of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to migraine.

Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide. Migraine pathophysiology is very complex. Genetic factors play a major role in migraine.

Investigation of PON1 activity and MDA levels in patients with epilepsy not receiving antiepileptic treatment.

Purpose: There are many studies dedicated to researching the etiopathogenesis of epilepsy. In such research, oxidative and antioxidant indicators of etiopathogenesis have also been examined under the scope. Drawing on a group of patients with epilepsy who were receiving no treatment, we have tried to evaluate whether or not an increase in oxidative indicators is linked directly with the disorder, independent of epileptic medicaments.

Changes in serum albumin levels and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with convulsive status epilepticus.

Aim: Inflammation may be involved in the ictogenesis and development of some partial epilepsies. Serum albumin levels and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are markers of inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of serum albumin levels and NLR to predict inflammation in patients with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE).

Protective effects of l-glutamine against toxicity of deltamethrin in the cerebral tissue.

Background: Deltamethrin (DLM) is a broad-spectrum synthetic dibromo-pyrethroid pesticide that is widely used for agricultural and veterinary purposes. However, human exposure to the pesticide leads to neurotoxicity. Glutamine is one of the principal, free intracellular amino acids and may also be an antioxidant.

Contribution of polymorphisms in ESR1, ESR2, FSHR, CYP19A1, SHBG, and NRIP1 genes to migraine susceptibility in Turkish population.

Migraine, a highly prevalent headache disorder, is regarded as a polygenic multifactorial disease. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes that involved in sex hormone metabolism may comprise risk for migraine, but the results of previous genetic association studies are conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variants in genes involved in oestrogen receptor and oestrogen hormone metabolism in a Turkish population.

Facial diplegia: etiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic evaluation.

Objective: Facial diplegia (FD) is a rare neurological manifestation with diverse causes. This article aims to systematically evaluate the etiology, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of FD.

Method: The study was performed retrospectively and included 17 patients with a diagnosis of FD.

Insecticide imidacloprid influences cognitive functions and alters learning performance and related gene expression in a rat model.

The potential toxic effects of several pesticides, including imidacloprid on non-target organisms have not been clearly established. Also, the chronic effects of non-toxic doses on cognitive function in mammals are unknown. In this study, the effects of different doses of imidacloprid on learning and memory of infant and adult rats were evaluated, and the expressions of genes synthesizing proteins known to be associated with learning in brain tissues were also documented.

Evaluation of the efficacy of sodium valproate in convulsive status epilepticus following to ıschemic stroke.

Objective: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is very rarely observed after ischaemic stroke. Sodium valproate (SV) is one of the agents used in the treatment of CSE, but its role still controversial, and its degree of efficacy in treating CSE that develops following stroke is unclear.

Method: We evaluated 19 patients who were treated with intravenous (IV) SV (20 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg/h-12h) after diazepam.

The effects of needle deformation during lumbar puncture.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess deformation of the tip and deflection from the axis of 22-gauge Quincke needles when they are used for diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP). Thus, it can be determined whether constructional alterations of needles are important for predicting clinical problems after diagnostic LP.

Materials And Methods: The 22-gauge Quincke needles used for diagnostic LP were evaluated.

Evaluation of the effects of group psychotherapy on cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis with cognitive dysfunction and depression.

Objective: This study will evaluate how decreasing depression severity via group psychotherapy affects the cognitive function of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are also diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction.

Method: MS patients completed the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The group members diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction underwent group psychotherapy for 3 months.

A case of Ross syndrome presented with Horner and chronic cough.

Ross syndrome is a rare sweating disorder associated with Adie's tonic pupil, decreased or diminished tendon reflex and unknown etiology. Although autonomic disturbances affecting sudomotor and vasomotor functions are seen commonly, they are rarely symptomatic. While Ross syndrome is typically characterized with dilated tonic pupil, it may be rarely manifested with miotic pupils (little old Adie's pupil), which can make diagnosis difficult.

The increase of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in Parkinson's disease.

The role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been previously investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among patients with Parkinson's disease and to examine the relationship between these inflammatory markers. The cross-sectional design includes 51 patients with Parkinson's disease and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Determination of the effects on learning and memory performance and related gene expressions of clothianidin in rat models.

Clothianidin (CLO) is one of the pesticides used to protect against insects, and its potential toxic effects on cognitive functions are not clearly known. This study aims to evaluate the possible effects of dose-dependent CLO on learning and memory in infant and adult male rats and the expression of related genes in the hippocampus. Doses of 2, 8 and 24 mg/kg of CLO were administered to newborn infant and adult albino Winstar rats in the form of gavage and dissolved in vehicle matter.

Echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio are novel inflammatory predictors of cerebral ischemic stroke.

Background: The role of epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in ischemic stroke (IS) has not been previously investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate EFT and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among patients with IS and to examine the relationship between these inflammatory markers and the incidence of IS.

Methods: The cross-sectional design includes 38 patients with IS and 47 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Auditory p300 event-related potentials in children with Sydenham's chorea.

Unlabelled: P300 event-related potentials (ERPs), objective measures related to cognitive processing, have not been studied in Sydenham's chorea (SC) patients.

Purpose: To assess cognitive impairment with P300 ERPs.

Method: Seventeen patients with SC and 20 unaffected healthy children were included.

Evaluation of cerebral venous thrombosis secondary to oral contraceptive use in adolescents.

Our goal was to evaluate the clinical patterns, additional risk factors, treatment and outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) related to adolescent oral contraceptive pill (OCP) usage. We evaluated 22 patients with CVT related to OCPs admitted to Firat and Dicle University Hospitals from January 2008 to January 2013. We assessed the clinical features, risk factors, imaging results and prognosis.