Investigation of Betaine and Vaccine Efficacy for Coccidiosis Prevention in Broilers.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the anticoccidial effects of betaine and a vaccine compared to monensin sodium in experimentally induced coccidiosis in broiler chickens.

Methods: 600 day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to five groups, each with four replicates of 30 birds. While the control group received a basal diet, two experimental groups received basal diet supplemented with either 100 mg/kg monensin sodium or 2.

In vitro feeding of Hyalomma excavatum and Hyalomma marginatum tick species.

The rearing of ticks is an important technique for studies aiming to elucidate the course and pathogenesis of tick-borne diseases (TBDs). TBDs caused by protozoans (Theileria, Babesia) and bacteria (Anaplasma/Ehrlichia) impose a serious constraint upon livestock health and production in tropical and sub-tropical regions where the distributions of host, pathogen, and vector overlap. This study focuses on Hyalomma marginatum, one of the most important Hyalomma species in the Mediterranean region, being a vector of the virus that causes Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in humans, together with H.

Prevalence of Theileria/Babesia Species in Ruminants in Burdur Province of Turkey.

Purpose: Theileriosis and babesiosis, two tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDs) of ruminants, are caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Theileria and Babesia, respectively. Among them, some species are considered to be highly pathogenic causing serious economic losses to livestock holders especially in tropic and subtropic regions. Local and/or general control measures are needed to be applied to reduce economic impact of TBHDs.

Investigation of Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) Fauna, Seasonal Dynamics, and Natural Leishmania spp. Infection in Muğla, Southwest of Turkey.

Due to its geographical location, Muğla province is one of the most frequently used places by refugees. Although leishmaniasis have been previously reported in this region, there is a lack of information on the etiological agent and possible vectors. The main objectives of this study were; i) to investigate the sand fly fauna, ii) to reveal the natural Leishmania spp.

Tick Bites on Humans in Southwestern Region of Turkey: Species Diversity.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine tick species found on humans who suffered from tick bite in the Southwestern Anatolia Region, Turkey.

Methods: Between January and October 2007, ticks were collected from people admitted to the city and/or town hospitals with complaints of tick bites in nine different provinces of Turkey. Genus and/or species of the ticks in adult, larva and nymph stages were identified microscopically.

The secreted Theileria annulata Ta9 protein contributes to activation of the AP-1 transcription factor.

Theileria annulata is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa. Theileria sporozoites invade bovine leukocytes and develop into a multinucleate syncytial macroschizont that causes uncontrolled proliferation and dissemination of infected and transformed leukocytes. Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is a transcription factor driving expression of genes involved in proliferation and dissemination and is therefore a key player in Theileria-induced leukocytes transformation.

Prevalence of Larval-Stage Dicrocoeliidae (Digenea) Trematodes in Helix lucorum (Mollusca: Pulmonata) in Van Province.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of larval-stage Dicrocoeliidae trematodes in Helix lucorum, a land snail found in Van Province.

Methods: Helix lucorum snails were collected in April, May, and June 2017 from Edremit and Gevaş, the central districts of Van Province, especially from natural areas where ruminants predominate. The snails were anesthetized with magnesium chloride, were removed from their shells, and their digestive glands were disrupted.

Eustigmaeus johnstoni Zhang - Gerson (Acari: Stigmaeidae) a Parasitic Mite Species Detected in Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) Specimens Collected from Aydın, Turkey.

Objective: We aimed to report the presence of the parasitic mite Eustigmaeus johnstoni Zhang - Gerson (E. johnstoni) on the sand fly species Phlebotomus papatasi (P. papatasi) collected in Aydın province, Turkey.

Selection of Genetic Markers to Determine Diversity in Theileria annulata Populations after Recombination.

Objective: Selecting polymorphic mini- and microsatellite markers to determine genetic diversity and chromosomal regions exhibiting elevated rates of recombination in Theileria annulata populations after recombination.

Methods: The Unipro UGENE software was used to select markers. A score at which 10 times more tandem repeats (TRs) were identified in the real DNA sequence than those in the scrambled sequences of T.

Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in small ruminants in Turkey and diagnostic sensitivity of single-PCR and RLB.

Background: Tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDs), caused by Theileria, Babesia, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia, are common in regions of the world where the distributions of host, pathogen and vector overlap. Many of these diseases threaten livestock production and some also represent a concern to human public health. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the above-mentioned pathogens in a large number of blood samples (n = 1979) collected from sheep (n = 1727) and goats (n = 252) in Turkey.

Identification and Analysis of Immunodominant Antigens for ELISA-Based Detection of Theileria annulata.

Tropical or Mediterranean theileriosis, caused by the protozoan parasite Theileria annulata, remains an economically important bovine disease in North Africa, Southern Europe, India, the Middle East and Asia. The disease affects mainly exotic cattle and imposes serious constraints upon livestock production and breed improvement programmes. While microscopic and molecular methods exist which are capable of detecting T.

[Detection of Anaplasma / Ehrlichia Species of Cattle and Ticks in Aydın Region].

Objective: The aim of this study is to detect the Anaplasma/Ehrlichia species of cattle and ticks and to provide knowledge on the prevalence of these species during sampling periods.

Methods: A total of 679 blood and 186 tick samples were collected from the Osmanbükü, Akçaova, Dalama, and Söke districts of Aydın. The samples were screened with genus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp.

Development of a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of Theileria annulata, Babesia bovis and Anaplasma marginale in cattle.

Tropical theileriosis, bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis are tick-borne protozoan diseases that impose serious constraints on the health and productivity of domestic cattle in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. A common feature of these diseases is that, following recovery from primary infection, animals become persistent carriers of the pathogen and continue to play a critical role in disease epidemiology, acting as reservoirs of infection. This study describes development and evaluation of multiplex and single PCR assays for simultaneous detection of Theileria annulata, Babesia bovis and Anaplasma marginale in cattle.

Distribution and seasonal activity of tick species on cattle in the West Aegean region of Turkey.

The aim of the present study was to determine the identity, seasonal activity and distribution of tick species of cattle in the West Aegean region of Turkey between June 2006 and May 2008. Nine villages within three provinces, viz. Manisa, Izmir and Aydin, were included in the study and a total of 75 animal barns were visited monthly for a period of 24 months and 443 cattle were examined for the presence of ticks.

[Some biological features of Hyalomma marginatum in the laboratory].

Objective: This study has been planned to investigate some biological features of Hyalomma marginatum, which is one of the important vectors in the world and in our country.

Methods: The study started with the adult H. marginatum which were collected from cattle in the field and attempts were made for these to be adapted to the laboratory by breeding in the laboratory throughout a generation.

Evaluation of cytochrome b as a sensitive target for PCR based detection of T. annulata carrier animals.

Bovine tropical theileriosis, caused by the tick-borne protozoan Theileria annulata, imposes a serious constraint upon breed improvement programmes and livestock production in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Animals that recover from primary infection serve as carriers and play a critical role in the epidemiology of the disease, acting as reservoirs of infection. However, conclusive identification of carrier animals can be problematic.

A case of naso-ophthalmic myiasis.

Myiasis is defined as an occupational disease and it is mainly seen in people who are in contact with animals, in particular sheep. We detected nasal and external ophthalmomyiasis caused by Oestrus ovis in a 33-year-old male who worked as a research assistant in the faculty of agriculture. The presenting complaints were severe foreign body sensation and discharge in the nose, cough, and foreign body sensation in the right eye.

[Prevalence of tropical theileriosis in cattle in the Aydin Region and determination of efficacy of attenuated Theileria annulata vaccine].

The present study was carried out to find out the prevalence of tropical theileriosis in the Aydin region and to determine immune status of cattle vaccinated with Theileria annulata schizont vaccine using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) during and after the disease season. A total of 236 out of 466 cattle found to be seronegative with IFAT were vaccinated in the Aydin region (Cine, Incirliova, Nazilli, and Centrum) before the disease season (March). The remaining cattle (230/466) served as controls.

[Gastro-intestinal helminths detected by fecal examination in stray dogs in the Aydin province].

Fecal specimens of a total of 200 dogs were examined by native, Fulleborn's floatation and Benedek's sedimentation methods to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminth infections in stray dogs in the Aydin Municipality Animal Shelter and the Kuşadasi Municipality Animal Shelter. Helminth infections were encountered in 82 (41%) of the fecal samples examined. One cestode egg and four nematode eggs were found in the infected fecal samples.

A parasitological, molecular and serological survey of Hepatozoon canis infection in dogs around the Aegean coast of Turkey.

Canine hepatozoonosis is caused by the tick-borne protozoon Hepatozoon spp. The prevalence of the infection in the Aegean coast of Turkey was investigated by examination of blood smear parasitology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using blood samples from 349 dogs collected from Central Aydin, Kusadasi, Selcuk, Central Manisa, Bodrum and Marmaris within the Aegean coast of Turkey. The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for the detection of Hepatozoon canis antibodies was also used to detect the exposure rate to H.

Use of doramectin for treatment of sarcoptic mange in five Angora rabbits.

The efficacy of administering doramectin after moxidectin treatment, which has previously proved only partially effective, was evaluated in five Angora rabbits naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei mange. Evaluations included physical examination for clinical signs of sarcoptic mange and collection of skin scrapings for determination of mites. The rabbits first received two subcutaneous injections, 10 days apart, of moxidectin 1% injectable solution at a dosage of 0.