Assessing the Effects of HbA1c Reduction on Alleviating Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain in Prediabetic Non-obese Patients: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Pre-diabetes, characterized by elevated glycemic indices, poses a high risk of diabetes development, and is increasingly linked to non-specific low back pain. While mechanisms remain incompletely understood, metabolic, inflammatory, and neurological factors are implicated. Dietary interventions, including low-glycemic and anti-inflammatory diets, alongside weight management, may improve outcomes in this population.

Gastric Tuberculosis Masquerading as Persistent Epigastric Pain in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by , is a leading infectious disease with varied manifestations. We report a rare presentation of gastric TB in a 50-year-old immunocompetent woman from the Middle East with no prior medical history. The patient presented with persistent epigastric pain, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting over a 2-month duration.

The Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Complication Rate in Baghdad Medical City from 2019 to 2022.

Objective: Due to the substantial lack of data from Iraq on ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) complications, this study aims to examine the various types of complications after VPS surgery in Baghdad Medical City.

Methods: The retrospective cohort study analyzed VPS procedures at Baghdad Medical City from 2019 to 2022. The overall complication rate, including infection and shunt malfunction, was determined from patient records.

Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Attaining HbA1c Targets in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a persistent metabolic illness causing elevated glucose levels due to insulin resistance. Social media has been found to positively impact diabetes management by boosting motivation, adherence, emotional support, and sharing evidence-based information, thereby enhancing patients' glycemic control efforts and achieving HbA1c targets. Primarily to examine the influence of social media within a random sample Iraqi population of T2DM patients on the control of diabetes, as measured by HbA1c levels.

Temporal Trends in Racial and Gender Disparities of Early Onset Colorectal Cancer in the United States: An Analysis of the CDC WONDER Database.

Background: The mortality rates of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) have surged globally over the past two decades. While the underlying reasons remain largely unknown, understanding its epidemiology is crucial to address this escalating trend. This study aimed to identify disparities potentially influencing these rates, enhancing risk assessment tools, and highlighting areas necessitating further research.

Effect of Pemafibrate on the Lipid Profile, Liver Function, and Liver Fibrosis Among Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are prevalent conditions linked to obesity and metabolic disturbances, with potential complications such as cirrhosis and cardiovascular risks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pemafibrate, a drug targeting fat and sugar metabolism genes, in treating patients with MASLD/MASH.

Methods: Databases such as MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched until September 2023 to identify relevant studies.

Hepatocellular Adenoma With Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1 Alpha (HNF-1α) Mutation: A Case Report.

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is an uncommon benign liver tumor that exhibits a variety of subtypes, each distinguished by unique molecular alterations. This case report describes a 43-year-old man with a history of alcoholism who presented with stomach pain. Imaging revealed multiple hepatic lesions and sigmoid colon inflammation, while laboratory tests showed mild neutrophilic leukocytosis and elevated liver enzymes.

Liver Hemorrhage Following Mechanical CPR With the Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System (LUCAS) Device: A Focused Case Report.

Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of mortality globally, and mechanical CPR devices like the LUCAS system are designed to improve outcomes by enhancing consistency and reducing rescuer fatigue. However, this case report of a 76-year-old female who suffered cardiac arrest post-flight reveals significant complications associated with mechanical CPR. Despite achieving initial resuscitation, she developed extensive liver damage and additional complications, which ultimately led to her death.

Successful Management of Pasteurella multocida Pneumonia in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patient: A Case Report Highlighting the Importance of Tailored Antibiotic Therapy.

This report describes a patient with pneumonia. The patient was a man in his 70s with significant comorbid conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is an example of the diverse presentations of infections increasingly found in the literature. The novelty of this case lies in the manifestation of pneumonia in a patient with underlying respiratory conditions and its successful management, outlining a unique clinical scenario and a tailored therapeutic approach.

A Unique Case of Moraxella catarrhalis Meningitis Following Neurosurgical Intervention.

We present a rare case of meningitis in a 51-year-old immunocompetent woman after surgical resection of a fourth ventricle ganglioma. Notably, the patient had no history of sinusitis or otitis media, which are typical predisposing factors for infection. She developed symptoms including headache, altered mental status, and neurological deficits three days post discharge, leading to her diagnosis confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid culture.

Cecal and ilial intubation rates in colonoscopy: Comparative study.

Background: Colonoscopy is the procedure of choice for both the diagnosis and treatment of large intestine and distal ilium in patients complaining of bowel symptoms, anemia resulting from malabsorption, radiographic colon abnormalities, screening for colorectal carcinoma, after polypectomy and cancer resection surveillance, ulcerative colitis surveillance, and those with suspicion of neoplastic masses. Inspection of the whole colonic and distal portion of terminal ilial mucosa is usually feasible during colonoscopy. Quality examination of the large bowel includes intubation of the complete colon and mucosal visualization.

Calculation of the Lémann index at initial presentation of Crohn's disease in a sample of Iraqi patients attending gastroenterology and hepatology teaching hospital.

Introduction: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that may involve any part of the alimentary tract from mouth to anus and is characterized by periods of clinical remission alternating with periods of recurrence. Current clinical and endoscopic indices only measure disease activity at a specific time point. The recently published Lémann index (LI) is the first tool that aims to measure cumulative structural bowel damage and thus evaluates long-term disability.