Fitness costs associated with laboratory induced resistance to chlorpyrifos in Spodoptera litura.

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) is a major polyphagous pest of global relevance due to the damage it causes to various crops. Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is generally used by farmers to manage S. litura, however, its widespread use has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance.

Effect of Chlorantraniliprole on Life History Traits and Relative Fitness of Laboratory-Selected Resistant and Susceptible Populations of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Insecticides are widely used to control pests and improve agricultural yield. The use of indiscriminate amounts and persistent pesticides has not only resulted in insect pest resistance challenges but has also harmed non-target organisms and contaminated the environment. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) resistance to chlorantraniliprole (CTPR) as part of insect resistance control programs.

The impact of lethal and sub-lethal exposure of emamectin benzoate on populations of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions.

Emamectin benzoate is an avermectin bio-insecticide commonly used for managing several insect pests including Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a major polyphagous pest of many cultivated crops. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of emamectin benzoate on the fitness of S. litura populations exhibiting differential susceptibility to insecticide.

Implications of cypermethrin exposure on population dynamics and fitness traits of laboratory-selected resistant and susceptible populations of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an economically important agricultural polyphagous pest worldwide. It has shown high resistance to several insecticides, including cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid that is used in large-scale commercial agricultural applications. The present study investigated the development of selection-induced resistance to cypermethrin and associated fitness costs in S.

Deciphering Indigenous Bacterial Diversity of Co-Polluted Sites to Unravel Its Bioremediation Potential: A Metagenomic Approach.

Polluted drains across the globe are affected due to reckless disposal of untreated industrial effluents resulting in significant water pollution affecting microbial community structure/dynamics. To elucidate this, polluted samples were collected from Budha Nala (BN) drain, Tung Dhab (TD) drain, and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) receiving an inflow of organic pollutants as well as heavy metals due to anthropogenic activities. The sample of unpolluted pristine soil (PS) was used as control, as there is no history of usage of organic chemicals at this site.

Evaluating efficacy of Pseudomonas sp. EN-4 to lower the toxic potential of 4-bromophenol and assessing its competency in simulated microcosm.

An indigenous bacterium Pseudomonas sp. EN-4 had been reported earlier for its ability to co-metabolise 4-bromophenol (4-BP), in presence of phenol (100 mg/L) as co-substrate. The present study was undertaken to validate the efficacy of biotransformation by comparing the toxicity profiles of untreated and EN-4 transformed samples of 4-BP, using both plant and animal model.

Impact of untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry on freshwater fish using haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis.

Unlabelled: The unregulated expulsion of untreated or partially treated industrial effluents poses serious threat to the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, in the present study fish were exposed to untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry and toxicity studies were carried out for 45 days. The study was planned to analyze the toxicity proffered by textile effluents through haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis in blood, liver and gill tissues of fish.

Assessment of textile industry effluent (untreated and microbially treated) induced genotoxic, haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural alterations in fresh water fish Channa punctata.

The unregulated expulsion of untreated textile water into water bodies is a major hazard to aquatic ecosystems. The present investigation was contrived to estimate the impact of textile dye bath effluent (untreated and microbially treated) on fish Channa punctata. Untreated effluent-exposed fish showed extremely altered behaviour (air gulping, erratic and speedy movements, increased opercular activity) and morphology (deposition of dyes on skin and scales, high pigmentation, mucus exudation).

Synergistic and additive interactions of Shewanella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Thauera sp. with chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate for controlling Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

The imprudent use of insecticides causes the development of resistance in insect pest populations, contamination of the environment, biological imbalance and human intoxication. The use of microbial pathogens combined with insecticides has been proposed as an alternative strategy for insect pest management. This IPM approach may offer effective ways to control pests, in addition to lowering the risk of chemical residues in the environment.

Larvicidal, growth inhibitory and biochemical effects of soil bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. EN4 against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Background: Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) also known as tobacco caterpillar, is one of the most serious polyphagous pests that cause economic losses to a variety of commercially important agricultural crops. Over the past few years, many conventional insecticides have been used to control this pest. However, the indiscriminate use of these chemicals has led to development of insecticide resistant populations of S.

Development of immobilized novel fungal consortium for the efficient remediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewaters.

Free cyanide is a hazardous pollutant released from steel industries. Environmentally-safe remediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewater is required. In this work, Pseudomonas stutzeri (ASNBRI_B12), Trichoderma longibrachiatum (ASNBRI_F9), Trichoderma saturnisporum (ASNBRI_F10) and Trichoderma citrinoviride (ASNBRI_F14) were isolated from blast-furnace wastewater and activated-sludge by enrichment culture.

Development and operation of immobilized cell plug flow bioreactor (PFR) for treatment of textile industry effluent and evaluation of its working efficiency.

The release of untreated/partially treated effluent and solid waste from textile dyeing industries, having un-reacted dyes, their hydrolysed products and high total dissolved solids (TDS) over the period of time had led to the deterioration of ecological niches. In an endeavour to develop a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional approaches, a plug flow reactor (PFR) having immobilized cells of consortium of three indigenous bacterial isolates was developed. The reactor was fed with effluent collected from the equalization tank of a textile processing unit located near city of Amritsar, Punjab (India).

Assessing the pathogenicity of gut bacteria associated with tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fab.).

The symbiotic relationship between insects and gut microbes contributes to their fitness by serving immense range of functions viz. nutrition and digestion, detoxification, communication and reproduction etc. However, this relationship between insect and gut microbes varies from mutualistic to pathogenic.

Insecticidal and growth inhibitory activity of gut microbes isolated from adults of Spodoptera litura (Fab.).

Background: Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) commonly known as tobacco caterpillar is a polyphagous pest that causes significant damage to many agricultural crops. The extensive use of chemical insecticides against S.

Biochemical, genotoxic, histological and ultrastructural effects on liver and gills of fresh water fish Channa punctatus exposed to textile industry intermediate 2 ABS.

The study was planned to assess the acute toxicity of textile industry intermediate, 2 amino benzene sulfonate (2 ABS) through biochemical, genotoxic, histopathological and ultrastructural (SEM) analysis in liver and gills of fresh water fish Channa punctatus. The fish were subjected to two sublethal concentrations (2.83 mg/30 g b.

Bioleaching of metals from waste printed circuit boards using bacterial isolates native to abandoned gold mine.

In the present study, native bacterial strains isolated from abandoned gold mine and Chromobacterium violaceum (MTCC-2656) were applied for bioleaching of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). Toxicity assessment and dose-response analysis of WPCBs showed EC values of 128.9, 98.

Toxicity assessment of chlorpyrifos on different organs of rat: exploitation of microbial-based enzymatic system for neutralization.

This study was aiming to treat the chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate (OP) pesticide with microbial enzyme extract, and assess the toxicity effects of CPF before/after its treatment on the integrity of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and the activities of enzymes AChE (acetylcholinestrase), GST (glutathione S-transferase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), and MDA (malondialdehyde) in different organs of rat. The untreated CPF in rat significantly increased the DNA damage and decreased the activities of all these enzymes. Among all the organs studied, the liver was the most affected organ.

Tetrabromobisphenol A induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in fish .

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is the most widely used brominated flame retardant and its increased use in common products such as plastics, electronic equipment, etc., has raised concern about its ecotoxicity. The present study was conducted to investigate the oxidative stress and genotoxic potential of TBBPA on fresh water fish by measuring malondialdehyde level and DNA damage, respectively.

Enhancement of gold and silver recovery from discarded computer printed circuit boards by SAE1 using response surface methodology (RSM).

Two-step bioleaching was applied using a cyanogenic bacterium SAE1 to recover gold (Au) and silver (Ag) from the computer printed circuit boards (CPCBs) via central composite design of a response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). To enhance Au and Ag recovery, factors like pH level, pulp density, temperature and glycine concentration were optimized and their interactions were studied. CCD-RSM optimization resulted in 73.

Bioleaching of Gold and Silver from Waste Printed Circuit Boards by Pseudomonas balearica SAE1 Isolated from an e-Waste Recycling Facility.

Indigenous bacterial strain Pseudomonas balearica SAE1, tolerant to e-waste toxicity was isolated from an e-waste recycling facility Exigo Recycling Pvt. Ltd., India.

Evaluation of (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) R2 as insecticidal agent against polyphagous pest (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The insecticidal potential of cells and acid-precipitated biomolecules (APB) of (Roberts) (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) R2 was evaluated against polyphagous pest . The intact cells of isolate R2 and its APB preparation significantly increased larval mortality. Both cells and APB significantly delayed the development and reduced adult emergence of .

Chlorpyrifos pollution: its effect on brain acetylcholinesterase activity in rat and treatment of polluted soil by indigenous Pseudomonas sp.

The study was aimed to evaluate the levels of chlorpyrifos (CPF) pollution in agricultural soil of Punjab, India, its detrimental effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rat brain and bioremediation of soils polluted with CPF using indigenous and adapted bacterial lab isolate. The analysis revealed that soil samples of Bathinda and Amritsar regions are highly contaminated with chlorpyrifos showing 19 to 175 mg/kg concentrations of CPF. The non-targeted animals may get poisoned with CPF by its indirect dermal absorption, inhalation of toxic fumes and regular consumption of soiled food grains.

Rhamnolipid mediated enhanced degradation of chlorpyrifos by bacterial consortium in soil-water system.

The study was conducted with the aim to develop an environmentally compatible bio-based system which may rapidly detoxify soil and water polluted by inordinate use of organophosphate (OP) pesticides. Chlorpyrifos was used as model pesticide as it degrade slowly due to its low aqueous phase solubility (2ppm) and formation of antibacterial intermediate 3,5,6, trichloropyridinol (TCP). Five potential bacteria used in this study belonging to genus Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Stenotrophomonas, Ochrobactrum and Bacillus and their mixed culture system efficiently degraded chlorpyrifos and its toxic intermediates TCP and diethylthiophosphate (DETP) in aqueous medium.

Surfactant mediated enhanced biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers by Sphingomonas sp. NM05.

Environmental biodegradation of several chlorinated pesticides is limited by their low solubility and sorption to soil surfaces. To mitigate this problem we quantified the effect of three biosurfactant viz., rhamnolipid, sophorolipid and trehalose-containing lipid on the dissolution, bioavailability, and biodegradation of HCH-isomers in liquid culture and in contaminated soil.