The role of stereochemistry in the anticancer activity of Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for about one among six deaths, so the quest for new and improved therapies is of crucial importance. The discovery of cisplatin as an anticancer agent has paved the way for the development of other metal-based therapeutic agents and Re(I)-based candidates have been recently found to show promising results. It is known as well that chirality plays a central role in the interactions of metal-based drugs with intrinsically chiral biomolecules such as membrane transport proteins or DNA.

The Antioxidant Properties of Glucosinolates in Cardiac Cells Are Independent of HS Signaling.

The organic sulfur-containing compounds glucosinolates (GSLs) and the novel gasotransmitter HS are known to have cardioprotective effects. This study investigated the antioxidant effects and HS-releasing potential of three GSLs ((3)-4-(methylsulfanyl)but-3-enyl GSL or glucoraphasatin, 4-hydroxybenzyl GSL or glucosinalbin, and ()-6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl GSL or glucohesperin) in rat cardiac cells. It was found that all three GSLs had no effect on cardiac cell viability but were able to protect against HO-induced oxidative stress and cell death.

Motion In-Betweening via Deep ∆-Interpolator.

We show that the task of synthesizing human motion conditioned on a set of key frames can be solved more accurately and effectively if a deep learning based interpolator operates in the delta mode using the spherical linear interpolator as a baseline. We empirically demonstrate the strength of our approach on publicly available datasets achieving state-of-the-art performance. We further generalize these results by showing that the ∆-regime is viable with respect to the reference of the last known frame (also known as the zero-velocity model).

A short history of the successes and failures of the international climate change negotiations.

The last 35 years have been a period of intense and continuous international negotiations to deal with climate change. During the same period of time humanity has doubled the amount of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. There has, however, been progress and some notable successes in the negotiations.

Mass spectrometry dataset of LC-MS lipidomics analysis of optic nerve.

CNS injuries of the anuran amphibian, , are uniquely suited for studying the molecular compositions of neuronal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) due to a functional recovery of optic axons disparate to adult mammalian analogues. RGCs and their optic nerve axons undergo irreversible neurodegeneration in glaucoma and associated optic neuropathies, resulting in blindness in mammals. Conversely, demonstrates RGC lifetime-spanning regenerative capabilities after optic nerve crush [1], inciting opportunities to compare de novo regeneration and develop efficient pharmaceutical approaches for vision restoration.

Diastereoselective, Lewis acid-mediated Diels-Alder reactions of allenoic acid derivatives and 1,3-cyclopentadienes.

Allenes with different substituents at their terminal carbon atom display axial chirality and can be obtained in enantiopure form by a photochemical deracemization protocol. It has now been studied under which conditions allenoic acid derivatives undergo a Diels-Alder reaction with 1,3-cyclopentadienes and which products result. Cyclic derivatives (lactams, lactones) underwent an -selective reaction catalyzed by the Lewis acid Eu(fod), while acyclic derivatives yielded with high preference the -products (EtAlCl as the preferred Lewis acid).

High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Lipidomics.

Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a powerful tool for identification and classification of lipids. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) allows for robust separations of complex mixtures, while high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) identifies compounds with efficiency and accuracy (Zullig T and Kofeler HC, Mass Spectrom Rev 40:162-176, 2021). The high specificity and sensitivity of mass spectrometry makes it the method of choice when analyzing lipids (Kofeler HC, J Lipid Res 62:100138, 2021).

Multiomics analysis reveals the mechanical stress-dependent changes in trabecular meshwork cytoskeletal-extracellular matrix interactions.

Trabecular meshwork (TM) tissue is subjected to constant mechanical stress due to the ocular pulse created by the cardiac cycle. This brings about alterations in the membrane lipids and associated cell-cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, triggering intracellular signaling responses to counter mechanical insults. A loss of such response can lead to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a major risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma.

Isobaric Incorporation of C13-Histidine for the Assessment of Remyelination.

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by the loss of the myelin sheath-the nonconductive membrane surrounding neuronal axons. Demyelination interrupts neuronal transmission, which can impair neurological pathways and present a variety of neurological deficits. Prolonged demyelination can damage neuronal axons resulting in irreversible neuronal damage.

Labeled quantitative proteomics dataset of optogenetics induced axon regeneration in mice.

This labeled quantitative proteomics dataset was collected from a transgenic channel rhodopsin mouse model (Chr2) subjected to light stimulation after traumatic optic nerve crush (ONC). Protein extraction was performed by careful mincing of the tissue in extraction buffer (TEAB, NaCl and SDS). Protein amounts were normalized across samples using dot blot densitometry and ImageJ software.

Polygenic risk scores predict diabetes complications and their response to intensive blood pressure and glucose control.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular and renal complications, but early risk prediction could lead to timely intervention and better outcomes. Genetic information can be used to enable early detection of risk.

Methods: We developed a multi-polygenic risk score (multiPRS) that combines ten weighted PRSs (10 wPRS) composed of 598 SNPs associated with main risk factors and outcomes of type 2 diabetes, derived from summary statistics data of genome-wide association studies.

Is there a photochemical Hammond postulate?

The Hammond postulate is a useful tool for approximating the energy and the structure of transition states. It was designed for use in ground state reactions, and has been applied successfully on many occasions. On the other hand, its usefulness for photochemical reactions is more questionable, as different energy surfaces are involved.

A survey of the contribution made by UK orchestras to the health and well-being sectors.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive picture of the contribution that orchestras currently make in the public health sector.

Study Design: An online survey of member orchestras of the Association of British Orchestras.

Methods: Data gathered covered geographical, financial and musical aspects, the type of healthcare settings in which the work takes place, orchestras' motivation for their involvement in the healthcare sector, the role health and well-being delivery plays in their business models, and finally, the impact of COVID-19 on orchestras' current and future plans.

Botanicals from the leaves of had better cytotoxic effects than isolated phytochemicals towards MDR cancer cells lines.

The efficiency of cancer chemotherapy is seriously hampered by the development of resistance of neoplastic cells to cytotoxic agents. In the present investigation, the cytotoxicity of the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1) extract of (ASL), fractions (ASLa-c) from the leaves and isolated compounds: chrysoeriol-7--rutinoside (), luteolin-7--rutinoside (), chrysoeriol-7---glucopyranoside (), Apigenin-7---glucopyranoside (), luteolin-3',4'-dimethoxylether-7---glucoside () and luteolin () was investigated. The study was extended to the assessment of the mode of induction of apoptosis by ASL.

Photochemical methods in metathesis reactions.

Metathesis reactions are one of the most reliable and prevalent ways of creating a C-C bond in synthesis. Photochemical variants exist, and they have proven extremely useful for the construction of complex molecules, from natural products to Möbius rings. A variety of starting materials can undergo photometathesis reactions, including alkenes, alkynes, carbonyls, thiocarbonyls, and ketenes.

Stereospecific Hydrogenolysis of Benzylic Alcohols over Pd/C.

Hydrogenolysis of tertiary benzylic alcohols on palladium on carbon (Pd/C) generally proceeds with inversion of configuration. However, little is known about the hydrogenolysis mechanism of primary and secondary benzylic alcohols. Literature precedents suggest that these substrates may interact differently with the catalyst.

Transcriptomic Analysis and High-dimensional Phenotypic Mapping of Mononuclear Phagocytes in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes Reveal Differences Between Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.

Background And Aims: Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] are distinct forms of inflammatory bowel disease. Heterogeneity of HLA-DR+SIRPα + mononuclear phagocytes [MNPs], including macrophages [MΦ], monocyte-derived [Mono] cells, and dendritic cells [DCs], was reported in gut tissue but not yet investigated in mesenteric lymph nodes [MLNs] of IBD patients. We here compared the phenotype, function, and molecular profile of HLA-DR+SIRPα + MNPs in CD and UC MLNs.

Uromodulin in a Pathway Between Decreased Renal Urate Excretion and Albuminuria.

Background: The mechanism explaining the inverse association between renal urate and albumin excretion remains unclear. First, we evaluated the impact of candidate variants in the main urate transporter genes (i.e.

PROX1 gene CC genotype as a major determinant of early onset of type 2 diabetes in slavic study participants from Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation study.

Background: The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy varies according to ethnicity. Environmental as well as genetic factors contribute to the heterogeneity in the presentation of diabetic nephropathy. Our objective was to evaluate this heterogeneity within the Caucasian population.

Stream water hydrochemistry as an indicator of carbon flow paths in Finnish peatland catchments during a spring snowmelt event.

Extreme hydrological events are known to contribute significantly to total annual carbon export, the largest of which in Arctic and boreal catchments is spring snowmelt. Whilst previous work has quantified the export of carbon during snowmelt, the source of the carbon remains unclear. Here we use cation hydrochemistry to trace the primary flowpaths which govern the export of carbon during the snowmelt period; specifically we aim to examine the importance of snowpack meltwater to catchment carbon export.

A Black Hills-Madison Aquifer origin for Dakota Aquifer groundwater in northeastern Nebraska.

Previous studies of the Dakota Aquifer in South Dakota attributed elevated groundwater sulfate concentrations to Madison Aquifer recharge in the Black Hills with subsequent chemical evolution prior to upward migration into the Dakota Aquifer. This study examines the plausibility of a Madison Aquifer origin for groundwater in northeastern Nebraska. Dakota Aquifer water samples were collected for major ion chemistry and isotopic analysis ((18)O, (2)H, (3)H, (14)C, (13)C, (34)S, (18)O-SO(4), (87)Sr, (37)Cl).

Seasonal changes in depth of water uptake for encroaching trees Juniperus virginiana and Pinus ponderosa and two dominant C4 grasses in a semiarid grassland.

We used the natural abundance of stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in soil (0.05-3 m depth), plant xylem and precipitation to determine the seasonal changes in sources of soil water uptake by two native encroaching woody species (Pinus ponderosa P. & C.

Ground water dependence of endangered ecosystems: Nebraska's eastern saline wetlands.

Many endangered or threatened ecosystems depend on ground water for their survival. Nebraska's saline wetlands, home to a number of endangered species, are ecosystems whose development, sustenance, and survival depend on saline ground water discharge at the surface. This study demonstrates that the saline conditions present within the eastern Nebraska saline wetlands result from the upwelling of saline ground water from within the underlying Dakota Aquifer and deeper underlying formations of Pennsylvanian age.