The influence of exercise and postural changes on ventricular repolarization in the long QT syndrome: a systematic scoping review.

Current exercise recommendations make it difficult for long QT syndrome (LQTS) patients to adopt a physically active and/or athletic lifestyle. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence, identify knowledge gaps, and discuss research perspectives in the field of exercise and LQTS. The first aim is to document the influence of exercise training, exercise stress, and postural change interventions on ventricular repolarization in LQTS patients, while the second aim is to describe electrophysiological measurements used to study the above.

Effects of alcohol and task difficulty on visual tracking and inattentional blindness.

Rationale: Inattentional blindness (IB) describes the failure to notice salient but unexpected stimuli in one's focal visual field. It typically occurs while performing a demanding task (e.g.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Augmentation of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Lowers Retear Rates and Improves Short-Term Postoperative Functional Outcome Scores: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of meta-analyses of rotator cuff repair using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to identify whether PRP improves clinical function and rate of tendon retears. We will (1) conduct a systematic review of the current meta-analyses of rotator cuff repair using platelet-rich plasma available in the literature, (2) evaluate the quality of these meta-analyses using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) methodology, (3) identify whether PRP improves clinical function and rate of tendon retears, and develop guidance to improve future studies in this area.

Methods: We carried out a systematic review of previous meta-analyses published on the clinical outcomes of PRP used in the treatment of rotator cuff tears.

Development of rapid and selective epoxidation of α-pinene using single-step addition of HO in an organic solvent-free process.

This study reports substantial improvement in the process for oxidising α-pinene, using environmentally friendly HO at high atom economy (∼93%) and selectivity to α-pinene oxide (100%). The epoxidation of α-pinene with HO was catalysed by tungsten-based polyoxometalates without any solvent. The variables in the screening parameters were temperatures (30-70 °C), oxidant amount (100-200 mol%), acid concentrations (0.

Differential translation elongation directs protein synthesis in response to acute glucose deprivation in yeast.

Protein synthesis is energetically expensive and its rate is influenced by factors such as cell type and environment. Suppression of translation is a canonical response to stressful changes in the cellular environment. In particular, inhibition of the initiation step of translation has been highlighted as the key control step in stress-induced translational suppression as mechanisms that quickly suppress initiation are well-conserved.

Removal of toluene as a toxic VOC from methane gas using a non-thermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge reactor.

Methane is the main component of biogas, which could be used as a renewable energy source for electricity, source of heat, and biofuel production after upgrading from biogas. It also contains toxic compounds which cause environmental and human health problems. Therefore, in this work, the removal of a toxic compound (toluene) from methane gas was studied using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor.

Network Intervention Analyses of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy for insomnia: Symptom specific effects and process measures.

Cognitive therapy (CT) and behavior therapy (BT) are both effective for insomnia. In this study we applied Network Intervention Analysis to investigate specific effects of CT and BT on outcomes and process measures. The analysis was based on a randomized controlled trial comparing CT (n = 65), BT (n = 63) and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (n = 60; not included in this study).

The adoption of the endoscopic retroperitoneal approach to the adrenal gland - Conversion factors and learning points.

Introduction: Minimally invasive adrenalectomy includes laparoscopic transperitoneal (LA) and retroperitoneoscopic (RP) approaches. This study reviewed the local adrenalectomy practice to identify characteristics and outcomes between patients undergoing adrenalectomy via LA, RP, and RP requiring conversion (RPC).

Methods: Adrenalectomies documented in a prospective surgical database were reviewed.

Plasma-assisted removal of methanol in N, dry and humidified air using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor.

In this work, a non-thermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was used to remove methanol from ambient air. The effects of carrier gases (N, dry and humidified air), power (2-10 W), inlet concentration (260-350 ppm), and residence time (1.2-3.

Changing Fate: Reprogramming Cells via Engineered Nanoscale Delivery Materials.

The incorporation of nanotechnology in regenerative medicine is at the nexus of fundamental innovations and early-stage breakthroughs, enabling exciting biomedical advances. One of the most exciting recent developments is the use of nanoscale constructs to influence the fate of cells, which are the basic building blocks of healthy function. Appropriate cell types can be effectively manipulated by direct cell reprogramming; a robust technique to manipulate cellular function and fate, underpinning burgeoning advances in drug delivery systems, regenerative medicine, and disease remodeling.

Time series covering up to four decades reveals major changes and drivers of marine growth and proportion of repeat spawners in an Atlantic salmon population.

Wild Atlantic salmon populations have declined in many regions and are affected by diverse natural and anthropogenic factors. To facilitate management guidelines, precise knowledge of mechanisms driving population changes in demographics and life history traits is needed.Our analyses were conducted on (a) age and growth data from scales of salmon caught by angling in the river Etneelva, Norway, covering smolt year classes from 1980 to 2018, (b) extensive sampling of the whole spawning run in the fish trap from 2013 onwards, and (c) time series of sea surface temperature, zooplankton biomass, and salmon lice infestation intensity.

Breast Tumour Kinase (Brk/PTK6) Contributes to Breast Tumour Xenograft Growth and Modulates Chemotherapeutic Responses In Vitro.

Breast tumour kinase (Brk/PTK6) is overexpressed in up to 86% of breast cancers and is associated with poorer patient outcomes. It is considered a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer, even though the full spectrum of its kinase activity is not known. This study investigated the role of the kinase domain in promoting tumour growth and its potential in sensitising triple negative breast cancer cells to standard of care chemotherapy.

Manipulating the Level of Sensorimotor Stimulation during LI-rTMS Can Improve Visual Circuit Reorganisation in Adult Ephrin-A2A5 Mice.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has the potential to treat a variety of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The extent of rTMS-induced neuroplasticity may be dependent on a subject's brain state at the time of stimulation. Chronic low intensity rTMS (LI-rTMS) has previously been shown to induce beneficial structural and functional reorganisation within the abnormal visual circuits of ephrin-A2A5 mice in ambient lighting.

Digital cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I): Chronotype moderation on intervention outcomes.

Using data from 1721 participants in a community-based randomized control trial of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia compared with patient education, we employed linear mixed modelling analyses to examine whether chronotype moderated the benefits of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on self-reported levels of insomnia severity, fatigue and psychological distress. Baseline self-ratings on the reduced version of the Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire were used to categorize the sample into three chronotypes: morning type (n = 345; 20%); intermediate type (n = 843; 49%); and evening type (n = 524; 30%). Insomnia Severity Index, Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were assessed pre- and post-intervention (9 weeks).

Mediators and moderators of outcome from the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention for adults with severe mental illness in a community setting.

This study explores mediators and moderators of outcome from the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention (TranS-C). Participants were 121 adults (age mean [SD] = 45.45 [13.

Pediatric defibrillation shocks alone do not cause heart damage in a porcine model.

Aim: Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) use various shock protocols with different characteristics when deployed in pediatric mode. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the safety and efficacy of different AED pediatric protocols using novel experimental approaches.

Methods: Two defibrillation protocols (A and B) were assessed across two studies: Protocol A: escalating (50-75-90 J) defibrillation waveform with higher voltage, shorter duration and equal phase durations.

Sporadic hypothalamic hamartoma is a ciliopathy with somatic and bi-allelic contributions.

Hypothalamic hamartoma with gelastic seizures is a well-established cause of drug-resistant epilepsy in early life. The development of novel surgical techniques has permitted the genomic interrogation of hypothalamic hamartoma tissue. This has revealed causative mosaic variants within GLI3, OFD1 and other key regulators of the sonic-hedgehog pathway in a minority of cases.

Antioxidant supplementation of mouse embryo culture or vitrification media support more in-vivo-like gene expression post-transfer.

Research Question: What is the effect on mouse fetal gene expression of combined antioxidants (acetyl-L-carnitine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and alpha-lipoic acid; A3) when used in culture media and vitrification/warming solutions?

Design: A laboratory-based analysis of an animal model. Embryo transfers were conducted on in-vivo-flushed blastocysts, or blastocysts cultured or vitrified with and without A3. Transcriptional profiles of E14.

Treating sleep and circadian problems to promote mental health: perspectives on comorbidity, implementation science and behavior change.

Insufficient sleep and mistimed sleep are prominent, yet under-appreciated and understudied, contributors to poor mental health and to mental disorders. The evidence that improving sleep and circadian functioning is an important pathway to mental health continues to mount. The goal of this paper is to highlight three major challenges ahead.

Primary and Secondary Cone Cell Death Mechanisms in Inherited Retinal Diseases and Potential Treatment Options.

Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a leading cause of blindness. To date, 260 disease-causing genes have been identified, but there is currently a lack of available and effective treatment options. Cone photoreceptors are responsible for daylight vision but are highly susceptible to disease progression, the loss of cone-mediated vision having the highest impact on the quality of life of IRD patients.

Substance Use and Overdose in Public Libraries: Results from a Five-State Survey in the US.

In the U.S., overdoses have become a health crisis in both public and private places.

Co-designing a curriculum model for career education: perspectives from regional communities in Australia.

The vocational experiences and skills of young adolescents could be infused into formal education by identifying career competencies to be taught within the academic curriculum. Such curriculum practices that embed educational and career pathways must also include the perspectives of students and the community, particularly those from marginalised groups. Drawing on data from 111 teachers, principals, carers and students, this paper presents research undertaken to co-design career education lesson plans within an infused model of the curriculum for early Middle Year students from regional, rural, and remote Australia.

Pathways to consumer demand and payment for professional rural water infrastructure maintenance across low-income contexts.

Systems for regular, preventive maintenance of infrastructure are needed to ensure safe water access globally. Emerging and growing across rural sub-Saharan Africa, professionalized maintenance arrangements feature legal, regulated service providers who maintain infrastructure in exchange for consumer payment through contracts. However, little is understood about the conditions that enable service providers to retain consumer contracts, an important component of their sustainability that indicates consistent demand and payment.