Evolution of treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated at Frankfurt University Hospital in 2012-2018.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) versus chemotherapy in clinical trials. In Germany, ICIs have been used clinically since 2015 for patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC without epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) aberrations. As part of I-O Optimise, a multinational research program utilizing real-world data on thoracic malignancies, we describe real-world treatment patterns and survival following reimbursement of ICIs for advanced NSCLC in Germany.

Does addition of craving management tools in a stop smoking app improve quit rates among adult smokers? Results from BupaQuit pragmatic pilot randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Delivery of craving management tools via smartphone applications (apps) may improve smoking cessation rates, but research on such programmes remains limited, especially in real-world settings. This study evaluated the effectiveness of adding craving management tools in a cessation app (BupaQuit).

Methods: The study was a two-arm pragmatic pilot parallel randomised controlled trial, comparing a fully-automated BupaQuit app with craving management tool with a control app version without craving management tool.

Treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma in England in 2013-2017: A nationwide CAS registry analysis from the I-O Optimise initiative.

Objectives: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. This study assessed the characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes for patients diagnosed with MPM in England.

Materials And Methods: As part of I-O Optimise, this retrospective cohort study analyzed data recorded in the Cancer Analysis System in England for all adult patients newly diagnosed with MPM between 2013 and 2017, with follow-up to March 2018 or death, whichever occurred first.

Decrease in Resting Heart Rate Measured Using Smartphone Apps to Verify Abstinence From Smoking: An Exploratory Study.

Introduction: Verifying self-reports of smoking abstinence is challenging in studies that involve remote data collection. Resting heart rate (HR) decreases during smoking abstinence. This study assessed whether a decrease in resting HR measured using freely available smartphone apps could potentially be used to verify smoking abstinence.

Relative effectiveness of a full versus reduced version of the 'Smoke Free' mobile application for smoking cessation: an exploratory randomised controlled trial.

Smartphone applications (apps) are popular aids for smoking cessation. Smoke Free is an app that delivers behaviour change techniques used in effective face-to-face behavioural support programmes. The aim of this study was to assess whether the full version of Smoke Free is more effective than the reduced version.

Modelling continuous abstinence rates over time from clinical trials of pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation.

Background And Aim: It is useful, for theoretical and practical reasons, to be able to specify functions for continuous abstinence over time in smoking cessation attempts. This study aimed to find the best-fitting models of mean proportion abstinent with different smoking cessation pharmacotherapies up to 52 weeks from the quit date.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of pharmacological treatments to aid smoking cessation.

Evaluations of clinical tobacco cessation interventions in Arab populations: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Tobacco smoking is prevalent among Arab smokers. Interventions to support smoking cessation may differ in effectiveness in this population from Western populations usually studied. This review assessed evidence of effectiveness of clinical smoking interventions in Arab smokers.

Want, need and habit as drivers of smoking behaviour: A preliminary analysis.

Background And Aims: Models of tobacco smoking behaviour propose that anticipated pleasure or satisfaction, the need to alleviate a nicotine-induced drive state and a stimulus-driven impulse potentially play an important role. This study aimed to provide a preliminary assessment of how far urges to smoke are reported by smokers and whether the strength of such urges prior to a quit attempt predicts short-term success at quitting.

Methods: In a prospective study, 566 smokers attending a treatment programme to help smokers quit completed a written questionnaire covering frequency of different types of urge to smoke (automatic impulse - 'automatic urges', anticipated pleasure - 'pleasure urges', and fulfilling a need - 'need urges').

Smokers' and drinkers' choice of smartphone applications and expectations of engagement: a think aloud and interview study.

Background: Public health organisations such as the National Health Service in the United Kingdom and the National Institutes of Health in the United States provide access to online libraries of publicly endorsed smartphone applications (apps); however, there is little evidence that users rely on this guidance. Rather, one of the most common methods of finding new apps is to search an online store. As hundreds of smoking cessation and alcohol-related apps are currently available on the market, smokers and drinkers must actively choose which app to download prior to engaging with it.

A comparison of the characteristics of iOS and Android users of a smoking cessation app.

iOS and Android smartphone users may differ in ways that affect their use and likelihood of success when using a smoking cessation application (app). If so, it may be necessary to take the device type (iOS and Android) into account when designing smoking cessation apps and in studies evaluating app effectiveness. How do socio-demographic and smoking characteristics, potentially relevant to engagement and cessation outcomes, of the SF28 app users differ between those using the iOS version and those using the Android version? Data were collected between October 2013 and April 2015.

Characterising smoking cessation smartphone applications in terms of behaviour change techniques, engagement and ease-of-use features.

The aim of this study was to assess whether or not behaviour change techniques (BCTs) as well as engagement and ease-of-use features used in smartphone applications (apps) to aid smoking cessation can be identified reliably. Apps were coded for presence of potentially effective BCTs, and engagement and ease-of-use features. Inter-rater reliability for this coding was assessed.

Comparative analysis of smoking cessation smartphone applications available in 2012 versus 2014.

Background And Aims: Smartphone applications (apps) offer a potentially cost-effective and a wide-reach aid to smoking cessation. In 2012, a content analysis of smoking cessation apps suggested that most apps did not adopt behaviour change techniques (BCTs), which according to previous research had suggested would promote higher success rates in quitting smoking. This study examined whether or not, this situation had changed by 2014 for free smoking cessation apps available in the Apple App Store.

A mobile app to aid smoking cessation: preliminary evaluation of SmokeFree28.

Background: Little is known about the effectiveness of mobile apps in aiding smoking cessation or their validity for automated collection of data on smoking cessation outcomes.

Objective: We conducted a preliminary evaluation of SF28 (SF28 is the name of the app, short for SmokeFree28)-an app aimed at helping smokers to be smoke-free for 28 days.

Methods: Data on sociodemographic characteristics, smoking history, number of logins, and abstinence at each login were uploaded to a server from SF28 between August 2012 and August 2013.