Exposure and risk assessment of 1,3-butadiene in Japan.

1,3-Butadiene is on the list of Substances Requiring Priority Action published by the Central Environmental Council of Japan in 1996. Emission of 1,3-butadiene has been controlled by a voluntary reduction program since 1997. Although the industrial emission of 1,3-butadiene in Japan has decreased in recent years, primarily due to a voluntary industrial emissions reduction program, the risks of exposure to it remain largely unknown.

Estimation of aggregate population cancer risk from dichloromethane for Japanese using atmospheric dispersion model.

The aggregate population cancer risk from dichloromethane exposure for each prefecture and for all of Japan was estimated using an atmospheric dispersion model and by considering the population within each calculation mesh (about 5 x 5 km). Indoor dichloromethane exposure was also taken into consideration. The number of lifetime dichloromethane-exposure-induced cancer cases for all of Japan was estimated to be only 1.

Estimating ambient concentration and cancer risk for 1,3-butadiene in Japan.

A detailed assessment of 1,3-butadiene exposure was performed for the purpose of risk assessment in Japan. The concentration of 1,3-butadiene and the 1,3-butadiene-exposure-related lifetime excess cancer risk in the general environment and in the vicinity of industrial point sources were estimated using two different types of diffusion models: the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology-atmospheric dispersion model for exposure and risk assessment (AIST-ADMER) model ver. 1.