Publications by authors named "Haruta Y"
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 451 patients over 65 years with cervical fractures, 69% had mid-cervical injuries while 31% had lower-cervical injuries, with lower-cervical injuries being linked to more high-energy trauma cases.
- * Although lower-cervical injuries resulted in fewer muscle weaknesses compared to mid-cervical injuries, many patients still experienced neurological deficits and similar overall complication rates after treatment, such as respiratory issues but no significant differences in mortality or mobility outcomes.
Introduction: Preoperative estimations of blood loss are important when planning surgery for cervical spine injuries in older adults. The association between ankylosis and blood loss in perioperative management is of particular interest. This multicenter database review aimed to evaluate the impact of ankylosis on surgical blood loss volume in elderly patients with cervical spine injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The development of scalable all-perovskite tandem solar cells aims to improve efficiency compared to smaller models, but current 1-cm-scale versions are less efficient due to inhomogeneity in the materials used.
- - A significant source of this inhomogeneity is identified at the top interface during the deposition of the electron transport layer (ETL), which affects performance.
- - By using a mixture of 4-fluorophenethylamine and 4-trifluoromethyl-phenylammonium to create a tailored 2D perovskite layer, researchers enhanced the performance, achieving an impressive efficiency of 28.5% for all-perovskite tandem cells, marking a notable advancement
Article Synopsis
- Dysphagia, a serious swallowing disorder, affects older adults post-spinal cord injury, particularly those with cervical injuries, though its risk factors are not well understood.
- A study involving 707 patients aged 65 and older identified male sex, low nutritional status (GNRI <92), dementia, fractures, complete paralysis, anterior surgery, and tracheostomy as significant risk factors for dysphagia.
- The findings suggest that a low geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is a key indicator of dysphagia risk, implying that nutritional health is critical for recovery in elderly patients with cervical spinal injuries.
Controlling the linear growth rate, a critical factor that determines crystal quality, has been a challenge in solution-grown single crystals due to complex crystallization kinetics influenced by multiple parameters. Here we introduce a flux-regulated crystallization (FRC) method to directly monitor and feedback-control the linear growth rate, circumventing the need to control individual growth conditions. When applied to metal halide perovskites, the FRC maintains a stable linear growth rate for over 40 h in synthesizing CHNHPbBr and CsPbBr single crystals, achieving outstanding crystallinity (quantified by a full width at half-maximum of 15.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHearing aids (HAs), especially those with sound generators (SGs), are used in the management of tinnitus. However, their comparative efficacies and long-term outcomes remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy and long-term outcomes of tinnitus therapy using various HA SG models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Evidence regarding the application of the multispectral camera for blood flow measurement is insufficient, and its performance has not been compared with the conventional indocyanine green (ICG) method. Therefore, we retrospectively compared the effectiveness of a new multispectral camera for non-invasive, real-time, quantitative imaging of tissue oxygen (O) saturation and hemoglobin (Hb) levels and commercially available ICG fluorescence imaging in hemodynamic assessment of gastric tubes in esophagectomy.
Methods: Thirty patients who underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy and gastric tube reconstruction for esophageal cancer were included in this study.
Article Synopsis
- This study examined how malnutrition affects older patients (65+) with cervical spinal cord injuries and their outcomes after treatment.
- Among 789 patients, 6% had major nutritional risks at the start, which impacted their survival and recovery.
- Results showed that those with major nutritional risks had a significantly higher death rate, shorter lifespan, less neurological improvement, and greater difficulty with daily activities a year after their injury compared to matched controls.
A 73-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma (cT4N3M1a: Stage IVA) was treated with atezolizumab as the eighth line of therapy. Four weeks after the fourth dose of atezolizumab, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated thromboplastin time (APTT) were prolonged. Coagulation factor V (FV) activity was decreased, and FV inhibitors were observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigated the prognosis and factors predicting neurological improvement in older patients (65+) with incomplete spinal cord injuries classified as AIS-C.
- Significant differences in age, body mass index, pre-traumatic activities of daily living, and serum albumin concentrations were found among groups based on their final neurological status.
- Approximately 64.2% of patients improved to AIS-D, with only 7.1% achieving AIS-E, indicating that while many showed some improvement, complete recovery was rare and linked to higher serum albumin levels and independent pre-injury ADL.
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that results in permanent paralysis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for SCI, and it is important to identify factors that can provide therapeutic intervention during the course of the disease. Zinc, an essential trace element, has attracted attention as a regulator of inflammatory responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The quality of the surface on lead halide perovskite crystals significantly affects their optoelectronic properties and overall device functionality.
- Researchers introduced a new technique that involves growing a polycrystalline film on existing bulk single crystals, resulting in crystals that emit bright green light under UV exposure.
- The engineered crystals show fewer surface defects, leading to X-ray detectors that are nearly five times more sensitive and demonstrate greater stability compared to standard MAPbBr crystals.
Neonatal spinal cord injury (SCI) shows better functional outcomes than adult SCI. Although the regenerative capability in the neonatal spinal cord may have cues in the treatment of adult SCI, the mechanism underlying neonatal spinal cord regeneration after SCI is unclear. We previously reported age-dependent variation in the pathogenesis of inflammation after SCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfter spinal cord injury (SCI), inflammatory cells such as macrophages infiltrate the injured area, and astrocytes migrate, forming a glial scar around macrophages. The glial scar inhibits axonal regeneration, resulting in significant permanent disability. However, the mechanism through which glial scar-forming astrocytes migrate to the injury site has not been clarified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have recently shown great promise in treating various cancers, but often cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Simultaneous drug-induced hypothyroidism and isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency are rare irAEs. This combination of irAEs is associated with paradoxical endocrine dysfunction characterized by large amounts of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and small amounts of ACTH in the anterior lobe of the pituitary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study is a retrospective multicenter analysis comparing elderly patients with cervical diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (cDISH) injuries to matched controls, focusing on those with and without fractures.
- It involved 140 patients aged 65 and older, revealing that those with fractures had similar complication rates and ambulation outcomes as controls, while nonambulatory patients without fractures had significantly poorer ambulation.
- Logistic regression highlighted complete paralysis and age as major risk factors for early mortality, with 14 patients passing away within three months of the injury.*
Purpose: To investigate the impact of early post-injury respiratory dysfunction for neurological and ambulatory ability recovery in patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and/or fractures.
Methods: We included 1,353 elderly patients with SCI and/or fractures from 78 institutions in Japan. Patients who required early tracheostomy and ventilator management and those who developed respiratory complications were included in the respiratory dysfunction group, which was further classified into mild and severe respiratory groups based on respiratory weaning management.
Many devices heavily rely on combinatorial material optimization. However, new material alloys are classically developed by studying only a fraction of giant chemical space, while many intermediate compositions remain unmade in light of the lack of methods to synthesize gapless material libraries. Here report a high-throughput all-in-one material platform to obtain and study compositionally-tunable alloys from solution is reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Joint contracture is a permanent mobility disorder caused by factors like trauma and aging, primarily due to joint capsule fibrosis, but the exact molecular reasons are still unclear.
- A mouse model study revealed that increased levels of the protein periostin (POSTN) in joint capsules are linked to irreversible contractures, with significant fibrosis observed.
- Treatment with POSTN-neutralizing antibodies showed promise in reducing contracture severity, highlighting POSTN as a potential target for future therapies to address joint contracture.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on the increasing elderly population at high risk for delirium due to cervical trauma, aiming to create a risk score to predict delirium in patients with cervical spinal cord injury or fracture regardless of their treatment type.
- - A total of 1,512 elderly patients (aged 65+) were analyzed, and significant risk factors for delirium were identified through multivariate logistic regression, leading to a delirium risk score based on six important variables.
- - The newly developed risk score can help healthcare providers make informed decisions regarding treatment strategies, despite needing further validation with additional data, having shown a prediction accuracy area under the curve of 0.66.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed 1512 patients aged 65 and older with cervical spine injuries, revealing that 6.3% of them had dementia, which was more common in older, mainly female patients with lower body mass index and higher frailty.
- - Patients with dementia showed worse short-term outcomes, including lower functional ability in activities of daily living (ADLs) and a higher rate of dysphagia compared to those without dementia.
- - Mortality rates were significantly higher in patients with dementia following their injuries, highlighting the adverse effects of dementia on recovery and survival in this demographic.
Although the incidence of cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) has increased in older adults, its etiology and neurological outcomes remain unknown. We identified OPLL characteristics and determined whether they influence neurological severity and improvement of CSCI in older patients. This multicenter retrospective cohort study identified 1512 patients aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed with CSCI on admission during 2010-2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfter spinal cord injury (SCI), inflammatory cells such as macrophages infiltrate the injured area, and astrocytes migrate, forming a glial scar around macrophages. The glial scar inhibits axonal regeneration, resulting in significant permanent disability. However, the mechanism by which glial scar-forming astrocytes migrate to the injury site has not been clarified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Findings show that while patients who had early surgery had worse baseline neurological conditions, they experienced a greater improvement in motor scores within six months of surgery.
- * Factors like delirium, pneumonia, and diabetes negatively affected recovery, suggesting that early surgery may be beneficial but requires more research for confirmation.
For older patients with decreased reserve function, traumatic cervical spine injuries frequently lead to early mortality. However, the prognostic factors for early mortality remain unclear. This study included patients aged ≥65 years and hospitalized for treatment of traumatic cervical spine injuries in 78 hospitals between 2010 and 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF